某新建城市轨道交通高架车站噪声现状-站台部分

为研究新建城市轨道交通高架站台噪声现状及特点,以及站台工作人员的累积噪声暴露量,选取某线的ZFL站、GML站和HQ站进行了实地测量。从噪声级、频谱和进出站列车时间与声级关系几方面对测量结果进行了分析。结果显示,站台列车进站LAeq值为78dB(A),出站LAeq值为79dB(A)。无列车通过时背景噪声LAeq值（白天）为66~74dB(A)。倍频程频谱分析得出,站台列车进站出站噪声具有宽频带噪声特征。时间历程分析得出,站台列车进站和出站的平均时间是30s和29s。进站第13s达到最大值LAF max 78~89dB(A)。出站第15s达到最大值LAF max 82~90dB(A)。站台工作人员白班噪声暴露量为LAeq 73dB(A),夜班噪声暴露量为LAeq 72dB(A)。     

马钢第二烧结厂3号烧结机风机房噪声污染分析与对策

马钢二烧结厂对3号烧结机风机房噪声采取了隔声、消声等措施,有效地降低了噪声污染,使总声压级从97dB降至55dB,保护了职工的身体健康.     

马钢第二烧结厂3号烧结机风机房噪声污染分析与对策

马钢二烧结厂对3号烧结机风机房噪声采取了隔声、消声等措施，有效地降低了噪声污染，使总声压级从97dB降至55dB，保护了职工的身体健康。     

让工作更“安”心——船舶建造行业如何做好噪声危害防护

正对于船舶建造行业而言,噪声危害比较普遍,按照国家规定,作业场所连续8h工作允许接触的最高噪声强度为85dB。但目前在船舶建造行业的基层实践中,噪声强度超标的现象却较为普遍,例如,装配作业现场的噪声往往可达90dB以上,打磨、碳刨、水火校正作业等现场噪声可达90～100dB,而喷砂作业现场的噪声有时可达100 dB以上。     

某新建城市轨道交通高架车站噪声现状-设备房与管理用房部分

为研究新建城市轨道交通高架车站设备房和管理用房噪声现状及特点,以及巡视设备房工作人员的累积噪声暴露量,选取某线的ZFL站、GML站和HQ站,对其六类设备房及管理用房进行了实地测量,并对噪声测量结果进行分析。结果显示:设备房中最大噪声为400V开关柜室74 dB(A)。三个站六类设备房噪声在56～74 dB(A)之间。管理用房噪声在53～65 dB(A)之间。站厅噪声随人流多少而变化,低频声较高。巡视设备间工作人员最大噪声暴露量是65dB(A)。     

赤马山矿空压机站噪声控制

空气压缩机是工矿企业生产中普遍使用的设备。空压机站一般都设在厂区或车间内,噪声级大多超过国家卫生标准,职工们深受其害。为了改善劳动环境,1983年,冶金部安全技术研究所与大冶有色金属公司赤马山矿协作,对坑口空压机站进行了噪声综合控制的研究与治理。治理后,进气口噪声由94dB(A)降至70dB(A),机房内由90dB(A)降至84dB(A),值班室内由     

辽河油田热注作业场所噪声治理技术的应用

针对辽河油田热注作业场所噪声严重超标的情况,为了有效降低噪声、切实保护现场员工身心健康,经过现场调查,根据热注作业场所噪声特性,提出利用室内吸声、隔声、消声等装置及隔声门窗的组合式噪声治理技术,现场噪声值测量结果表明:水处理间处噪声测量值由91.0dB(A)降低至79.7dB(A),降幅达到12.4%,锅炉进风口处噪声测量值由107.0dB(A)降低至87.1dB(A),降幅达到18.6%,降噪效果明显,此两处噪声值基本达到国家相关标准。     

空压机站噪声治理

1988年,我厂在引进复印机消耗品生产线的同时,新建了一座单层建筑的空压机站,安装1台20m~3/min 和3台10m~3/min 的空压机。空压机在日常运行时噪声较大:空压机室为95～100dB(A),值班室为74～85dB(A),室外不排气时为85dB(人),室外排气时为102dB(A),均超过国家规定的噪声控制标准。     

现代家庭的噪声污染

环境噪声是一种感觉公害，它可影响人们的休息和工作，损伤听力：然而还有一种不可忽视的噪声，即现代家庭噪声：根据对住宅内部噪声声源的调查表明，语言音乐噪声占32％，日常生活噪声占26％．儿童玩具噪声占22％，脚步噪声占20％。据测试，彩电声级达50—70dB，收音机和录音机声级可达80dB，电剃刀60dB，电冰箱50dB，洗衣机声级达72dB，高声说话为60dB。     

传声器的佩戴方式对噪声测量结果的影响分析

为准确测量作业场所的噪声对作业工人的影响情况,本文通过现场实验的方法分析传声器不同的佩戴方式对噪声测量结果的影响程度。研究结果表明,在稳态噪声作业环境中,将传声器佩戴于耳部、肩部和胸前三个位置其对噪声测量结果的影响较小,等效声级的差异(Max-Min)不大于1dB(A),噪声最大值差异不大于5dB(A);而在非稳态噪声作业环境中,三个位置测量的等效声级差值小于2dB(A),而噪声最大值差异接近6dB(A)。     

Evaluation of sound exposure and risk of hearing impairment in orchestral musicians

This study aimed to assess exposure to sound and the risk of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in orchestral musicians. Sound pressure level was measured in 1 opera and 3 symphony orchestras; questionnaires were filled in. On the basis of that data, the risk of NIHL was assessed according to Standard No. ISO 1999:1990. Classical orchestral musicians are usually exposed to sound at equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure levels of 81?90 dB (10th?90th percentiles), for 20?45 h (10th?90th percentiles) per week. Occupational exposure to such sound levels over 40 years of employment might cause hearing loss (expressed as a mean hearing threshold level at 2, 3, 4 kHz exceeding 35 dB) of up to 26%. Playing the horn, trumpet, tuba and percussion carries the highest risk (over 20%).     

BDK-8-No30防爆抽出式风机噪声分析及治理

防爆抽出式风机的噪声是空气动力性噪声、电动机噪声、风机机械性噪声、扩散器出口噪声等相互叠加的结果。对电机房和风机房的噪声分别采取隔声处理与加装吸声体相结合的方法降噪，取得了较好的降噪效果，综合声级达到环保要求，厂界噪声夜问实测低于50dB(A)。     

A study in hospital noise - a case from Taiwan.

Hospitals are places that allow patients to rest and recover, and therefore must be quiet inside and in the surrounding neighborhood. One medical center was chosen as a sample hospital. This hospital was a tertiary care center during the 2003 outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Taiwan. The measurement results show that the noise level in the wards and stations was between 50.3 and 68.1 dB which exceeded the suggested hospital ward sound level. The quietest units were the Surgical Intensive Care Unit and recovery rooms with a noise level lower than 50 dB during the night. The higher noise levels were in the hall and pharmacy which were highly populated areas. This study analyzed the causes of this excessive noise and used noise reduction methods. The paired t test was performed and the results showed improvement methods were successful. This study found the noise levels reached 98.5-107.5 dB in power generator rooms and air-conditioning facilities, and suggests employees use ear plugs.     

铁路扩能改造工程声环境影响预测分析

以某铁路扩能改造工程项目为例,根据具体工况条件,采用模式预测法进行既有铁路噪声预测和验证,并利用验证的预测方法进行改造后铁路噪声影响预测。预测结果表明,与既有铁路实际监测值相比,改造后噪声值昼间降低0.4～3.4 dB(A),夜间降低2.0～4.8 dB(A),说明铁路电气化改造对沿线噪声敏感点的改善较为明显。     

某大型机加车间数控机床减噪工程测试与分析研究

为研究大型机加车间噪声减噪工程现状效果和特点,选取某大型机加车间数控机床为研究对象,对其进行减噪工程治理,现场实测了治理前和治理后的噪声数据,并对噪声测量结果进行分析。研究结果表明:数控机床操作人员8 h连续等效A声级从治理前的89.2 dB(A),降到治理后的74.3 dB(A),降低了16.7%.;数控机床操作岗位位置测点,在加工1个机件的测量时间段里,噪声值从治理前的85.9 dB(A),降到治理后的55.1 dB(A),降低了33.85%;对机加车间现场布置了67个测点,在加工1个机件的测量时间段里进行测量,得到该车间噪声治理前和治理后噪声分布图;对数控机床减噪工程治理前和治理后的频谱进行了分析,得出治理前和治理后各自的最大声级所在频段不随距离的改变而改变,高频减噪效果显著。     

Subjective Annoyance Response to Diesel Engine Sound During Idling Conditions

Subjective annoyance response to diesel engine sound during idling conditions was evaluated by 80 participants. Eight different sound spectra were presented to the participants at a constant level of 80 dB(A) in a paired comparison procedure. Stereo-recorded sound stimuli were played back through a pair of loudspeakers in an anechoic room. Four objective parameters of loudness, sharpness, impulsiveness, and roughness were found to be the determining factors that cause subjective annoyance. An annoyance prediction model for the test stimuli of an idling diesel engine was developed on the basis of these factors. The objective parameters and their interactions have a significant effect on the annoyance prediction model. The spectral distribution indicated by test participants to be pleasant can be used as a basis for appropriate modification of engine sound. A single microphone measurement in free field conditions can be used to estimate objective parameters for defining the cause of annoyance.     

Experimental study on explosion characteristics of ethanol-gasoline blended fuels

In the present work, a series of experiments have been performed to analyze the explosion characteristics of ethanol-gasoline with various blended ratios (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 80%, and 100%). A vented rectangular vessel with a cross-section of 100 mm × 100 mm, 600 mm long and a 40 mm diameter vent on the top is used to carry out the experiments. The flame propagation is recorded by a phantom high-speed camera with 5000 fps, while the histories of the explosion overpressure are measured by two PCB pressure sensors and the explosion sound pressure level is obtained by a CRY sound sensor. The results indicate that the maximum overpressure and flame propagation speed increases linearly as the blended ratio increases when the initial volume of blended fuel is 1.0 mL; While the change of explosion overpressure and flame propagation speed shows a trend of decreasing at first and then increasing as the concentration increases to 1.8 mL. It is also found that the peak of the sound pressure level exceeds 100 dB under all tests, which would damage the human's hearing. What's more, relationships between explosion overpressure and sound pressure level are examined, and the change of the maximum overpressure can be reflected to some extent by the measurement of the maximum sound pressure level. The study is significant to reveal the essential characteristic of the explosion venting process of ethanol-gasoline under different initial blended ratios, and the results would help deepen the understanding of ethanol-gasoline blended fuels explosion and the assessment of the explosion hazardous.     

高海拔矿井风机气动噪声数值模拟及实验研究

为研究高海拔矿井风机气动噪声规律,建立小型轴流风机三维物理模型,利用CFD软件对环境气压分别为1,0.9,0.8,0.7,0.6及0.5 atm时的风机模型进行定常模拟、非定常模拟及噪声计算,并通过自主设计的压变实验装置对上述不同环境气压条件下风机转数分别为500,1 000,1 500和2 000 rpm时的风机噪声进行测试,分析风机叶片附近监测点噪声频谱曲线及压变环境风机噪声实验数据,结果表明:风机转数和环境气压是影响风机气动噪声的2个重要因素;环境气压P一定时,风机转数n越大,各频率下的风机气动噪声声压级SPL越大,且风机噪声总声压级Lp和平均声压级Lavg均随风机转数n的增大呈对数函数增加;风机转数n不变时,随着海拔高度的升高,环境气压P降低,各频段下风机气动噪声声压级SPL均将减小,且风机噪声总声压级Lp和平均声压级Lavg随环境气压值P的降低呈线性函数减小,环境气压每降低0.1 atm,二者分别降低1.47和1.29 dB。     

某大型机加车间数控机床噪声暴露特点与分析研究

为研究大型机加车间噪声现状和特点,选取某大型机加车间数控机床开展现场实测,并对噪声测量结果进行分析。结果显示:数控机床产生的噪声是非稳态噪声;数控机床产生的噪声在车间传播,声场分布不均匀;加工某转向工件频率在500～5 300 Hz,峰值频率分别为500,800,2 000,5 000 Hz;对机加数控机床操作岗位工作人员的8 h噪声暴露量进行测量,测量值为89.2 dB(A)。研究结果表明:评价大型机加车间噪声,测量重点应选在机床操作岗位和人行通道;应重点关注被测机床周围20 m内的噪声值;机加工作场所测量时间段的选择取决于作业持续时间。