微波消解-火焰原子吸收法测定广州市污水污泥中重金属的活性形态

以广州4个大型污水处理厂的压滤出厂污泥为实验材料,采用BCR三步浸提法对污泥中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Ni、Mn的4种形态进行测定,以HNO3-HF进行微波全量消解,利用火焰原子吸收(FAAS)检测Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Ni、Mn的全量和各形态的含量.结果表明,广州4种不同城市污泥中重金属含量低于全国污泥均值,其中C...     

以异丙醇为溶剂使用火焰原子吸收法测定汽油中的铅

探讨了用异丙醇做溶剂,用火焰原子吸收法测定汽油中铅的方法,实验证明,此方法的回收率在95.5%～104%之间,变异系数在1.38%～2.55%之间,此方法省时,准确,降低实验成本,简化实验步骤,减少实验室污染。     

微波消解-原子吸收法测定固体废弃物粉煤灰中的铜、钼、镍和铍含量

正粉煤灰是燃煤电厂以及煤矸石、煤泥资源综合利用电厂锅炉烟气经除尘器收集后获得的细小飞灰和炉底渣[1].粉煤灰是悬浮颗粒物的主要来源,也是会对地表水和地下水造成污染的有害元素的来源之一.铍进入人体后,难溶的氧化铍主要储存在肺部,可引起肺炎.可溶性的铍化合物主要储存在骨骼、肝脏、肾脏和淋巴结等处,它们可与血浆蛋白作用,生成蛋白复合物,引起脏器或组织的病变而致癌.镍作为一种具有生物学作用的元素,能激活或抑制一系列的酶.镍及其化合物对人皮肤粘膜和呼吸道有刺激作用,可引起皮炎和气管炎.过多的铜进入体内可出现恶心、呕吐、上腹疼痛、急性溶血和肾小管变形等中毒现象.钼对眼睛、皮肤有刺激作用,部分接触者出现尘肺病     

流动注射在线离子交换微柱富集-火焰原子吸收法测定环境样品中的铜、铅和镉

本文用流动注射在线阳离子交换树脂预富集-火焰原子吸收法测定了标准参考物(头发GBW09 101和桃叶GBW08501)及水样中的微量铜、铅和镉.对铜、铅和镉测定灵敏度分别提高27.0 ,37.5和27.5倍;回收率分别为93.7-109.9%,88.9-101.4%,84.7-103.0% ;分析速度为30次·h-1.对0.05μg·ml-1Cu2+,0.2μg·ml-1 Pb2+,0.02μg·ml-1Cd2+溶液,其测定相对标准偏差(n ＝11)分别为2.74%,1.05%和2.97%.     

微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定鸡排泄物中总砷的方法研究（Study on the Determination Method of Total Arsenic in Fowl Dung by Microwave Digestion-Atomic and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry）

建立检测鸡排泄物中总砷含量的微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法.使用硝酸镁和硝酸钯混合溶液作为基体改进剂,在灰化温度1200℃、原子化温度2400℃条件下,采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定鸡排泄物中的总砷含量.结果表明,总砷浓度在0～100ng·mL-1范围内符合郎伯-比尔定律,线性回归方程为Y=0.0013X+0.0098,决定系数0.9976,方法的回收率为98.8%～101.9%,精密度为2.81%,检出限为0.100mg·kg-1.     

Microwave-assisted acid extraction of the major metal elements in herbal extracts followed by flame atomic absorption spectrometric (FAAS) determination

The content of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn, Pb, and Zn was determined in Rosa damascena, Vitis vinifera, Crocus sativus, and Olea europaea L. herbal extracts produced in different areas in Greece. Samples were mineralized in a closed microwave system using nitric acid, and the concentration of all metals was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The herbal extracts contained As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Mn, and Pb at concentrations below their respective limits of detection, whereas Cu, Fe, Mg, and Zn were determined in varying quantities. The proposed method is precise and accurate, thus it can be used for the determination of metals in Rosa damascena, Vitis vinifera, Crocus sativus, and Olea europaea L. herbal extracts.     

Electrochemical hydride generation of tin(II) and its determination by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry with in situ trapping in the graphite tube atomizer

An electrolytic hydride generation system for the determination of tin(II) by means of batch electrochemical hydride generation-electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (EcHG-ETAAS) with in situ trapping in a graphite tube atomizer is described. The effects of four permanent chemical modifiers – palladium, tungsten, iridium, and platinum – for graphite tube treatment on analyte absorbance and the effects of four cathode materials, i.e., Pb, Sn, Pb–Sn alloy, and glassy carbon, are checked. Three electrolytes, i.e., nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid, are examined as catholyte solutions. The influence of several parameters on EcHG is investigated using multivariate and univariate methods. Interferences of some concomitant ions are evaluated. The calibration curve is linear from 1 to 200?µg?L^?1, with a detection limit of 0.8?µg?L^?1 and a relative standard deviation of 6.2% (n?=?3) for 100?µg?L^?1 Sn(II). The proposed method was successfully applied in the analysis of real environmental water samples and reference materials, and good spiked recoveries over the range of 93.1–115% were obtained. The proposed technique provides a means for developing hydride generation of other elements.     

Cadmium and nickel determinations in some food and water samples by the combination of carrier element-free coprecipitation and flame atomic absorption spectrometry

A procedure for separation and enrichment of Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions based upon carrier element-free coprecipitation by using an organic coprecipitant, 2-{4-[2-(1H-Indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(4-methylbenzyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl}-N′-(3-fluoro-phenylmethyliden) acetohydrazide, prior to their flame atomic absorption spectrometric detections has been developed. The effects of varied experimental conditions on the performance of the developed method such as pH, sample volume, amount of coprecipitating agent, etc. were evaluated in detail on the recovery of analyte ions, and the influences of some anions and cations were investigated. The limits of detection for Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions based on three times the standard deviation of the blanks (N: 10) were obtained as 0.70 μg L^?1 and 1.21 μg L^?1, respectively. The accuracy of the method was tested by analyzing a certified reference material and by spike tests. The method was applied to determine the levels of cadmium and nickel in stream and sea water, rice, red lentil, and wheat samples.     

Synthesis of 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene-functionalized Amberlite XAD-4 resin: Applications for the separation and preconcentration of trace metal ions prior to their determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry

A simple, sensitive column solid-phase extraction procedure for separation and preconcentration of Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Cd(II) in spiked and natural water samples using 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene-functionalized Amberlite XAD-4 (XAD-4-DHN) chelating resin prior to their determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry was discussed. The optimum experimental parameters such as pH, volume of sample and eluent, flow-rates of uptake and stripping, and sorption capacity of the chelating resin, were evaluated. The effect of the electrolytes and the cations on the preconcentration of metal ions was also investigated. The chelating resin could be reused for more than 20 cycles of sorption–desorption without any significant change (<1.0%). Recoveries obtained from this method range from 96 to 102% with R.S.D of 2.50 (n = 4). The detection limits for Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Cd(II) were found to be 1.9, 0.9, 1.2 µg, and 1.4 µg L^?1, respectively. The proposed method was applied for the determination of Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Cd(II) in spiked, tap water, and river water samples.     

Oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes modified with 2-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)-4,5-diphenyl imidazole for solid phase extraction and preconcentration of some metal ions

In this work, a new procedure for the enrichment of the trace amount of Cu²⁺, Ni²⁺, Co²⁺, Pb²⁺, Fe²⁺, and Zn²⁺ ions based on the utilization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) modified with 2-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)-4,5-diphenyl imidazole as chelating agent prior to their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry has been described. The influence of effective parameters including pH, amount of ligand and MWCNT, composition of eluent, and coexisting ions on recoveries of understudy metal ions was examined. At the optimum pH of 5.0, all metal ions were quantitatively sorbed onto the proposed solid phase and completely desorbed with 8?mL of 5.0?mol?L^?1 HNO₃. The detection limit of Cu²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Pb²⁺, Fe²⁺, and Zn²⁺ ions was 1.7, 2.4, 2.3, 2.9, 2.8, and 1.4?µg?L^?1, while the preconcentration factor was 63 for Cu²⁺ and 94 for the other metal ions and relative standard deviations between 1.8 less than 3.0%. The proposed procedure was applied for the analysis of various samples.