当代企业环境文化的塑造

论述了当代企业建设环境文化的必要性,提出了塑造企业环境文化的途径,旨在为企业加强环境文化建设提供可以借鉴的理论依据和建议。     

加拿大北极地区雪化学成分的初步研究

利用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ，ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ，ＩＣ测定法，测定了北极地区不同纬度的１７个雪样品的化学成分。结果显示，在被测试的３２种化学成分中，１４种化学成分被检测出。用富集因子法判断了雪中化学成分的４种可能发生源，即人为活动源，地壳源，海洋源和混合源。计算Ｓ／Ｎａ比值发现ＳＯ＾２－，ＮＯ＾－３主要来自人为活动源。     

生态公益林价值核算研究

论文采用成本法、意愿调查法、森林环境效果评价法及木材需求曲线修正法等方法对井冈山林区生态公益林价值进行核算,并对其结果进行分析。经计算,成本法(社会贴现率以10%计算)、意愿调查法、森林环境效果评价法及木材需求曲线修正法的计算结果比例为0.4592∶0.2185∶1.7106∶1。分析认为,以木材需求曲线修正法得出的每年森林资源价值平均为1302元hm²较为合理可作为区域内生态公益林的补偿值成本法计算的年成本值597.9元hm²可作为生态公益林补偿的最低限值意愿调查法计算的每年支付意愿值284.5元hm²可作为当地受益群众对生态公益林的补偿费用。     

海洋聚合体的研究现状

综述了海洋聚合体在生态系统、元素循环中的重要作用,概述了不同形态聚合体的生态意义并提出了一些测定方法,总结了海洋聚合体与海洋微生物之间的关系.最后,提出了今后聚合体研究的发展方向.     

A study of Taipei ozone problem

A high level of ozone has been a serious problem in Taipei. At one station there were concentrations of hourly O₃ 127 and 60 time > 120 ppbv in 1986 and 1987, respectively. The diurnal O₃ variation is mainly governed by a single-peaked (SP) pattern with a major peak near noontime, and a double-peaked (DP) pattern with a primary peak near noontime and a secondary peak in the early morning. The analyses of observed NO_x, NO₂ and NMHC distributions suggest that the photochemical production of ozone is responsible for the primary peak but not the secondary peak. In January, DP occurs more frequently than SP, while in June the SP pattern dominates. Analyses of the surface meteorological data suggest that a unique localized circulation may be responsible for the occurrence of the secondary peak of the DP pattern. A simplified quasi-three-dimensional model is developed to analyze the effect of land-sea breeze on the temporal and spatial variation of O₃.     

Epidemiologic study of tumors in dinosaurs

Occasional reports in isolated fragments of dinosaur bones have suggested that tumors might represent a population phenomenon. Previous study of humans has demonstrated that vertebral radiology is a powerful diagnostic tool for population screening. The epidemiology of tumors in dinosaurs was here investigated by fluoroscopically screening dinosaur vertebrae for evidence of tumors. Computerized tomography (CT) and cross-sections were obtained where appropriate. Among more than 10,000 specimens x-rayed, tumors were only found in Cretaceous hadrosaurs (duck-billed dinosaurs). These included hemangiomas and metastatic cancer (previously identified in dinosaurs), desmoplastic fibroma, and osteoblastoma. The epidemiology of tumors in dinosaurs seems to reflect a familial pattern. A genetic propensity or environmental mutagens are suspected.     

中外环境标志的比较

对我国及发达国家的环境标志,在产品的遴选,标志产品的认证．标准的制订和标志产品的市场效果等方面进行比较：从供需角度分析我国环境标志取得的成绩,存在的问题及其原因;对照国外的经验,就如何完善我国的环境标志,如何使其与环境管理体系和清洁生产审计相协调,共同促进可持续发展提出了建议。     

排污权交易信息化研究

本文结合排污权试点地区排污权交易实际业务,研究阐述排污权交易信息化工作的总体框架,对排污权交易试点阶段的信息化工作探索具有重要的意义。     

澳大利亚可持续发展与城市化研究动态

结合我国环境建设工作的热点课题,分析介绍了澳大利亚在可持续发展（指标体系与水资源利用）以及城市化对自然生态环境影响方面研究进展,为我国生态环境建设工作提供借鉴。     

大气中有机硫酸酯研究进展

介绍了国内外大气环境中有机硫酸酯（OSs）的研究现状,分别简述了OSs的理化特征及影响因素、不同分析方法及对应特征、OSs的分类、来源及形成机制、OSs在大气中的转化及归趋等内容,并对目前常见的OSs分子式和结构式以及三种典型的形成机制进行了归纳总结.聚焦目前OSs研究的前沿领域,探讨了目前OSs研究中有待解决的热点问题,并对未来的研究工作提出建议与展望.     

城市生态环境需水量研究

在探讨城市生态环境需水量基本概念和特点的基础上 ,对其进行分类 ,并发展了较为系统的研究方法 ,提出目前适宜的方法是从城市现状出发 ,将城市综合性分类与城市生态环境质量指标等级相结合 .以黄淮海地区城市为例 ,估算了该地区城市生态环境需水量等级 ,计算结果表明 :黄淮海地区城市最小和最优生态环境需水量分别为 39 34亿m3 和 187 82亿m3 ,最小生态环境需水量在城市供水中的比例为 5 2 7%.     

Eperimental study of photooxidation products of ethylbenzene

Smog chamber experiments were performed to investigate the composition of products formed from photooxidation of aromatic hydrocarbon ethylbenzene.Vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometer and aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer were used to measure the products in the gas and particle phases in real-time.Experimental results demonstrated that ethylphenol,methylglyoxal,phenol,benzaldehyde,and 2-ethylfurane were the predominant photooxidation products in both the gas and particle phases.However,there were some differences between detected gas phase products and those of particle phase,for example,2-ethylfurane,ethylglyoxylie acid,nitroethylbenzene,3,4-dioxopentanal and ethyl-nitrophenol were only existing in the particle-phase.The possible reaction mechanisms leading to these products were also discussed and proposed.     

中国水生态分区初探

从生态系统的角度管理自然资源以及进行环境保护,已经成为国际环境保护领域的主流趋势.基于生态分区和地理分类单元开展环境保护与资源管理,已广为世界各国所接受.淡水生态分区是生态分区的一个重要类型,与水文分区和水环境功能分区相比,其在管理、评价和保护河流、溪流和湖泊等淡水水体资源、环境及水生生态系统方面,具有不可比拟的优势.本研究比较了国内外主要水体分区体系,分析各分区体系的优劣,强调在中国开展水生态分区研究的必要性.在此基础上,提出中国水生态分区的目标、范围和指标体系的设想,指出中国水生态分区应根据中国淡水生态系统实际和环境特征,着重突出河流和湖泊等水体的生态服务功能、水生生态系统的敏感性和人类活动的干扰与影响,并就中国水生态分区的范围、分类指标及水生态分区在将来环境管理中与其他现行分区体系的协调做了探讨.     

A study on the characterization of dustfall

A study was conducted of the dustfall around Elaziǧ cement plant in Turkey. The work concentrated, particularly, on the characterization of particles. The soluble, insoluble, ignitable and unignitable fractions of particles were determined. The composition of dust pollution and its variation with meteorological parameters, location and seasons, and the chemical and mineralogical composition, and trace element contents of particles were also studied. The experimental work was carried out at seven sampling station for 15 months. The average rate of dust deposition over the area was 36.37 gm⁻² month⁻¹. The rates of deposition for insoluble (in water) and ignitable (at 900°C) particles are 26.95 and 8.51 gm⁻² month⁻¹, respectively. The equilibrium pH of solutions shows that the particles deposited are rather alkaline in character. During the warm season the mean pH value is 8.63, during the cold season it is 6.49. The reduction of pH may be caused by acidic oxides such as SO₂ originating from combustion processes. Calcium, silicon, aluminiun and iron are the main constituents of the particles. The general view of composition is similar to cement or its raw materials. The XRD analysis shows that crystalline compounds are calcite, quartz, albite, muscovite, chlorite, edenite, dicalcium silicate and, possibly, other cement compounds and hydration products. The ratios of heavy metals such as Pb, Mn, Ni and Co are significant. The maximum concentration of lead was found to be 3600 mg kg⁻¹.     

矿山项目生态环境影响评价研究

以矿山项目生态环境影响评价特点为基点,对矿山项目生态环境影响评价的因子等进行简要论述,重点阐述了生态环境状况指数法、潜在生态危害指数法和景观指数法。     

腹足类性畸变研究进展

用于船舶防污漆的三丁基锡(TBT)能引起腹足类雌性个体发生雄性化的畸变现象.本文介绍了引起腹足类性畸变的其他污染物,存在性畸变现象的腹足类种类,以及腹足类性畸变的形态特征、发生过程和畸变划分图等,分析了目前全球一些典型区域腹足类性畸变程度的现状,归纳了TBT引起腹足类性畸变分子机理的5种假说,最后展望了在腹足类性畸变方面需要进一步研究的几个重要问题.