重金属全生命周期风险防控管理对策

通过解析《关于汞的水俣公约》的管理对策及措施,分析了我国重金属污染防治管理中存在的问题及开展对策研究的必要性。以重金属污染防治管理战略、基础研究、政策法规和标准体系建设、信息管理体系建设、技术研发和推广、监督管理能力建设、协调机制建设等领域为切入点,分析得出了各领域存在的关键问题并提出了对策建议。     

环境重金属污染的生物指示作用

针对指示生物在环境重金属污染监测、评价与防治中所起的指示作用与研究现状,介绍了有关指示生物的基本理论,分析了常见指示生物对土壤、水和大气环境重金属污染的指示作用。提出了选择合适的指示生物是发挥其对重金属污染指示作用的关键。最后,提出了指示生物对环境重金属污染指示作用的局限性及对策。     

浙江省重金属污染物排放现状分析

总结了浙江省"十二五"期间重金属污染防治工作经验及全省重金属排放情况,得出2013年铬排放量所占比例最大。分析了重金属污染防治过程中存在的问题,提出了建议措施,为后续重金属污染防治工作奠定坚实基础。     

工信部力推节能减排 节能环保装备专项规划将出台

"十二五"期间,我国将组织实施钢铁行业烧结烟气脱硫实施方案,推动非电领域二氧化硫减排;组织编制电池行业重金属污染防治综合方案,加强重金属、有毒有害物质的防治和消纳;加强电子信息产品污染控制,推进电子电气产品国推自愿性认证,起草制定《电子电气产品污染控制管理条例》;开展工业固废综合利用示范基地建设,围绕能源、大宗短缺金属、稀贵金属等重要矿产资源,推进综合开发及共伴生矿产资源综合利用。     

电厂燃煤过程中重金属污染及其控制技术研究

综述了燃煤重金属污染问题的严重性和污染途径，对燃煤重金属的种类和危害进行了论述，并重点阐述了国内外采取的控制措施，同时还指出了燃煤重金属污染研究中存在的问题及今后的研究方向。     

关于城市典型区域土壤现状研究

以锦州市重污染企业、固体废物集中堆放场地和工业区周边区域内土壤为研究对象,共采集75份具有代表性的土壤样品,对其12项重金属、多环芳烃类和多氯联苯的含量进行分析,研究典型区域周围环境的土壤污染状况。采用Rapant et al.环境风险指数法的计算结果表明,表层土壤中重金属污染具有较大的环境风险,其中属于低环境风险级别的样品占近30%,中等环境风险级别的样品占近10%。由此,针对锦州市典型区域土壤的污染状况,提出相应的污染防治对策。     

水体重金属-有机物复合污染的协同处理技术研究进展

重金属离子与有机污染物可以通过多种方式共同存在于水体环境中,形成复合污染。本文在简述重金属-有机物复合污染的来源和相互作用机理的基础上,详细阐述了现有的协同处理技术的研究和应用现状,分析了各种技术的原理、效果、优势以及缺陷,为进一步开发新型协同处理技术提供参考,对水体污染的防治具有积极意义。     

重金属污染土壤的修复技术研究进展及发展前景

目前,我国重金属污染呈现出长期积累和近期集中爆发、历史遗留问题和新出现问题相交织的特点,重金属污染在环境中存在多、形态多,整治重金属污染是一项长期、复杂、艰巨的任务.重金属污染物极难降解,尤其是存在于水和土壤中的重金属兼具富集性,是不可逆转的.重点阐述了重金属污染土壤的修复技术研究进展及发展前景.     

铬盐工业污染防治对策与建议

在对全国铬盐工业多家企业调研的基础之上,对铬盐工业的生产现状、主要生产工艺及排污节点、污染物排放特征、污染控制技术等进行了论述,指出了污染防治存在的问题,并提出了对策和建议。     

土壤污染防治行动计划：八、加大科技研发力度，推动环境保护产业发展

（二十五）加强土壤污染防治研究。整合高等学校、研究机构、企业等科研资源,开展土壤环境基准、土壤环境容量与承载能力、污染物迁移转化规律、污染生态效应、重金属低积累作物和修复植物筛选,以及土壤污染与农产品质量、人体健康关系等方面基础研究。推进土壤污染诊断、风险管控、治理与修复等共性关键技术研究,研发先进适用装备和高效低成本功能材料（药剂）,强化卫星遥感技术应用,建设一批土壤污染防治实验室、科研基地。优化整合科技计划（专项、基金等）,支持土壤污染防治研究。     

土壤-植物系统重金属形态分析和生物有效性研究进展

介绍了土壤-植物系统中重金属连续提取的形态分析方法研究进展,同时归纳了影响重金属生物有效性的主要因素,如土壤性质、复合污染及根际环境等,并指出了需要解决的问题与今后的发展方向。     

石油化工建设项目环境保护管理的新形势和新要求

解读《建设项目环境保护管理条例》修订的要点,剖析当前石油化工建设项目环境保护管理体系的核心由“环评制度”逐步向“排污许可证制度”转变的现实情况,及与此相应的环保行政主管部门对建设单位和设计咨询单位的环保工作提出的新要求。从实际工作出发,总结了中国石化系统和民营企业石油化工建设项目在新形势下环保管理工作的特点、遇到的问题及解决方案。     

重金属污染事件应急处理技术探讨——以广西龙江镉污染事件为例

我国重金属污染突发事件时有发生,如何快速、有效地应对这类事故,需要形成一套科学的技术规范与工作程序,避免出现应急管理工作的失误。结合广西龙江的镉污染事件,从技术层面上给出重金属污染应急治理的正确思路和科学依据。     

Industrial hazardous waste treatment facilities in Thailand

In Thailand, hazardous waste is becoming a major problem, especially toxic chemicals and heavy metal pollutants discharged from factories. The Industrial Works Department (IWD), which has full responsibility for the control of all factory pollution problems, has initiated a joint hazardous waste treatment programme for handling industrial liquid, sludge and solid hazardous wastes from all factories situated in and around Bangkok and the eastern seaboard region. Four industrial hazardous wastes treatment centres are planned. Secure landfills together with research and development centres will also be provided nearby for the ultimate disposal of the inert-salt sludges. The investment, operation and management of the centres is to be handled by private companies which can generate revenue by charging service fees directly to their customers. Since both governmental and private sectors have no experience in this field, a grant system for a pilot centre has been launched by the Government which has reduced the operating costs by providing land, treatment facilities, infrastructure and secured landfills. The first treatment centre which was officially planned in 1985 was put into operation in July 1988 at Samea Dam, Bangkhuntien District, a western suburb of Bangkok. The construction of all necessary facilities was paid for by the Government. The operation and management of the centre is handled by a private contractor, Siam Control Company (SCC) under a 5-year lease. The users will pay service fees directly to the contractor and the Government will receive a rental and royalty fee from the contractor.     

科学治理 提高重金属污染物综合利用率

提高资源利用效率,有效减少废弃物对环境的污染,是实现环境与效益双赢的重要方法。以重金属污染防治为例,就提高再生资源利用率以及综合性再生资源的回收处理等问题进行分析和探讨。     

化工建设项目环境影响评价中的热点问题

分析了化工建设项目环境影响评价工作中的热点问题。指出化工生产的环境风险是可控的;环评报告书中应将环境风险的预防作为风险评价的重点,同时要积极推进责任关怀,将企业每年度外排的各种污染物的数量及削减量如实公布,让公众了解企业在预防污染方面的进步和尚存的问题。提出了精简环评报告书的途径：编写环评报告书简化本;突出环评报告书的重点,将污染预防和治理措施作为环评报告书最重要的章节之一;评价环境影响预测的准确性等。     

重金属废水处理与资源化利用现状

重金属废水的排放是重金属污染的重要源头之一。介绍了目前国内外用于处理不同重坌属废水的方法,以及重金属废水资源化可采用的多种工艺。在重金属废水资源化技术中,膜分离技术起着十分重要的作用。     

Efforts to develop regulations in Korea similar to the US maximum achievable control technology (MACT) regulations for hazardous waste incinerators

The development of regulations patterned after the United States’ requirement for maximum achievable control technology (MACT) to control hazardous air pollutants from major industrial sources in Korea is in progress. Current management practices and installed air pollution control devices were surveyed; emission tests and continuous emission data collected from facilities under operation were assessed considering other MACT requirements such as reporting, report keeping requirements. Emission sampling and air pollutant analysis were carried out at representative hazardous waste incinerators installed with wet-type and dry-type air pollution control devices. Korean and United States Environmental Protection Agency methods were used for sampling and analysis. The major heavy metals emitted were Zn, Ni, Pb, and Cr. The heavy metal removal efficiency of existing air pollution control devices was greater than 99%. The average mercury removal efficiency was more than 30%. Toluene; m,p-xylene; o-xylene; benzene; dichloromethane; styrene; ethylbenzene; 1,3-dichlorobenzene; and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene were the major volatile organic compounds emitted. The emissions from field tests were compared, reviewed, and analyzed with respect to MACT regulations to check applicability. Finally, draft guidelines were suggested for effective hazardous air pollutant management in Korea.     

Sources of heavy metal contamination in Swedish wood waste used for combustion

In this paper, wood waste (RWW) recovered for heat production in Sweden was studied. Previous research has concluded that RWW contains elevated amounts of heavy metals, causing environmental problems during waste management. This study extends previous work on RWW by analysing which pollution sources cause this contamination. Using existing data on the metal contents in various materials, and the amounts of these materials in RWW, the share of the elevated amounts of metals in RWW that these materials explain was quantified. Six different materials occurring in RWW were studied and the results show that they explain from 70% to 100% of the amounts of arsenic, chromium, lead, copper and zinc in RWW. The most important materials contributing to contamination of RWW are surface-treated wood, industrial preservative-treated wood, plastic and galvanised fastening systems. These findings enable the development and evaluation of strategies aiming to decrease pollution and resource loss from handling RWW. It is argued that source separation and measures taken further downstream from the generation site, such as treatment, need to be combined to substantially decrease the amount of heavy metals in RWW.