BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this article:
Satellite Hydrology, Morris Deutsch, Donald R. Wiesnet, and Albert Rango (Editors). American Water Resources Association, Minneapolis, Minnesota. 1981. 730 pages. $85.00.
Land Into Water - Water Into Land, Nelson M. Blake. University Presses of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. 1980. 344 pages. $19.95.
California Water Planning and Policy: Selected Issues, Ernest Engelbert (Editor). Water Resources Center, University of California. 1979. 252 pages. $5.00.
The Infrared Handbook, William Wolfe and George Zissis (Editors). IRIA Center of the Environmental Research Institute of Michigan.
Scientific, Technological and Institutional Aspects of Water Resource Policy, Yacov Y. Haimes (Editor). AAAS Selected Symposium 49. Westview Press, Washington, D.C. 1980. 128 pages.
Environmental Impact Analysis: A New Dimension in Decision Making (2nd ed.), R. K. Jain, L. V. Urban, and G. S. Stacey. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York. 1981. 393 pages. $27.50.
A Policy Approach to Political Representation: Lessons From the Four Comer States, Helen M. Ingram, Nancy K. Laney, and John McCain. A Resources for the Future Book. Johns Hopkins Press. 1981.
Water Quality in Catchment Ecosystems, A. M. Gower (Editor). John Wiley and Sons, Somerset, New Jersey. 1980. 335 pages. $50.00.
Seepage and Groundwater Flow, K. R. Rushton and S. C. Red-shaw. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chesire, England. 1979. 339 pages. $45.00.
Environmental Biology for Engineers - A Guide to Environmental Assessment, George Camougis. McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York, New York. 1981. 214 pages. $20.00.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Destratification of Lakes and Reservoirs to Improve Water Quality, F. L. Burns and I. J. Powling (Editors). Australian
Government Publishing Service, Canberra. 1981. 9 15 pages.
Tropical Agricultural Hydrology, edited by R. La1 and F. W. Russell. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom. 1981. 482 pages.
Handbook of Nonpoint Pollution: Sources and Management, Vladimir Novotny and Gordon Chesters. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. 1981. 555 pages.
British Rivers, John Lewin. George Allen and Unwin Limited. 1981. 195 pages.
Standard Plumbing Engineering Design (2nd ed.), Louis S. Nielsen. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, New York. 1982. 418 pages.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this article: Individual On-site Wastewater Systems, Nina I. McClelland (Editor). Proceedings of the Fifth National Conference 1978. Ann Arbor Science, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 1979. 303 pages. $24.50. Modeling of Rivers, Hsieh Wen Shen (Editor). John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Somerset, New Jersey. 1977. $39.95. The Hudson River Basin: Environmental Problems and Institutional Response, Volume I, Kalpli W. Richardson, Jr. and Gilbert Tauber (Editors). Academic Press, New York, New York. 1070. $1’).SO. Fish and Invertebrate Culture, Water Management in Closed Systems (2nd ed.), Stephen Spotte. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Somerset, New Jersey. $1 3.95. Seepage, Drainage, and Flow Nets (2nd ed.), Harry R. Cedergren. Wdey-Interscience Publication, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Somerset, New Jersey. 1977. 534 pages. Water: Will There Be Enough?, compiled by Marian Smith; Robin Murphy (Editor), Water Foundation, Santa Barbara, California. 1979. 110 pages. $6.00 softbound, $12.95 clothbound. The NALCO Water Handbook, NALCO Chemical Company, Frank N. Kemmer and John McCallion (Editors). McGrawHill Book Co., New York, New York. 1979. 799 pages. 607 illustrations. $28.50. Porous Media, Fluid Transport, and Pore Structure, F. A. L. Dullien. Academic Press, New York, New York. 1979. $42.00. Project Data, Water and Power Resources Service, US. Department of the Interior. 1981. 1,461 pages. $21.00.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this article:
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Environmental Science (2nd ed.), Sybil Parker (Editor). McGraw-Hill, New York, New York. 1980. 858 pages. $34.50.
Evaluation for Village Water Supply Planning, Sandy Cairncross, Ian Carruthers, Donald Curtis, Richard Feachem, David Bradley, and George Baldwin. John Wiley and Sons, Somerset, New Jersey. 1980. 179 pages. $19.25.
A Guide to Conservational Pricing, Marshall Gysi. Vantage Press, New York, New York. 1980. 114 pages. $7.95.
Toxic and Hazardous Waste Disposal, Vol. 11, Robert B. Pojasek (Editor). Ann Arbor Science, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Applied Water Resource Systems Planning, David C. Major and Roberto L. Lenton. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. 1979. 248 pages. $19.95.
Provinciate Waterstaat van Gelderland. Marktstraat 1, Arnhem Nederland. 370 pages.     

Book reviews

State of the world : STATE OF THE WORLD 1992 by Lester Brown, Project Director W. W. Norton & Company, New York
A cookbook for developing countries: IMPROVING CHARCOALING EFFICIENCY IN THE TRADITIONAL RURAL SECTOR: Charles Feinstein and Robert van der Plas World Bank, Industry and Energy Department
KEROSENE STOVES: THEIR PERFORMANCE, USE, AND CONSTRAINTS by Villem Floor and Robert van der Plas World Bank, Industry and Energy Department
ASSESSMENT OF BIOMASS ENERGY RESOURCES: A DISCUSSION ON ITS NEED AND METHODOLOGY by Paul Ryan and Keith Openshaw World Bank, Industry and Energy Department
Development economics : HANDBOOK OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, VOL II Edited by Hollis Chenery and T.N. Srinavasan North Holland, New York
Environmental remote sensing : REMOTE SENSING FOR HAZARD MONITORING AND DISASTER ASSESSMENT: MARINE AND COASTAL APPLICATIONS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION edited by E.C. Barrett, R. Brown and A. Micallef Gordon and Breach, Science Publisher, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Ok Tedi: The Pot of Gold, Richard Jackson
Pricing Petroleum Products: Strategies of Eleven Industrial Nations, Edward N. Krapels
Experiences in the Development and Management of International River and Lake Basins (Natural Resources/Water Series No. 10)
Water Resources Management in Industrial Areas, Leo R. Beard and W. H. C. Maxwell     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Inuit, Whaling, and Sustainability Milton M.R. Freeman, Lyudmila Bogoslovskaya, Richard A. Caulfield, Ingmar Egede, Igor I. Krupnik and Marc G. Stevenson Development Policies in Natural Resource Economies : Jörg Mayer, Brian Chambers and Ayisha Farooq, Editors: Edward Elgar Wildlife Resources: A Global Account of Economic Use : Harald H. Roth, Günther Merz, Editors: Springer‐Verlag Global Public Goods: International Cooperation in the 21st Century : Inge Kaul, Isabelle Grunberg, Marc A. Stern, Editors Pillar of Sand: Can the Irrigation Miracle Last? : Sandra Postel, W.W. Norton & Company Planning for Biodiversity: Issues and Examples : Sheila Peck     

BOOKS REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article
Human Dimensions of Weather Modification by W. R. Derrick Swell
Perception of the Drought Hazard on the Great Plains by Thomas F. Saarinen
Plant Environment and Efficient Water Use edited by W. H. Pierre
Scientific Problems of the Humid Tropical Zone Deltas and Their Implications: Proceedings of the Dacca Symposium; jointly organized by the Government of Pakistan and UNESCO, 1964
Statistical Methods in Hydrology , Proceedings of Hydrology Symposium held at McGill University, 1966
Isotopes in Hydrology , Proceedings of the Symposium held by the International Atomic Energy Agency and International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, Vienna, 14-18 November 1966
The Fresh Water of New York State: Its Conservation and Use , Proceedings of Symposium held in Buffalo, New York in 1966; 255 pages
The Technology of Fish Utilization edited by Rudolf Kreuzer
Water and Wastewater Engineering, Vol. 2: Water Purification and Wastewater Treatment and Disposal by G. M. Fair, J. C. Geyer and D. A. Okun
Detergentien und Öle im Wasser und Abwasser (Detergents and Oils in Water and Sewage), Hans Liebmann     

EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON WATER RESOURCES IN THE DELAWARE RWER BASIN1

ABSTRACT: The effects of potential climate change on water resources in the Delaware River basin were determined. The study focused on two important water-resource components in the basin: (1) storage in the reservoirs that supply New York City, and (2) the position of the salt front in the Delaware River estuary. Current reservoir operating procedures provide for releases from the New York City reservoirs to maintain the position of the salt front in the estuary downstream from freshwater intakes and ground-water recharge zones in the Philadelphia metropolitan area. A hydrologic model of the basin was developed to simulate changes in New York City reservoir storage and the position of the salt front in the Delaware River estuary given changes in temperature and precipitation. Results of simulations indicated that storage depletion in the New York City reservoirs is a more likely effect of changes in temperature and precipitation than is the upstream movement of the salt front in the Delaware River estuary. In contrast, the results indicated that a rise in sea level would have a greater effect on movement of the salt front than on storage in the New York City reservoirs. The model simulations also projected that, by decreasing current mandated reservoir releases, a balance can be reached wherein the negative effects of climate change on storage in the New York City reservoirs and the position of the salt front in the Delaware River estuary are minimized. Finally, the results indicated that natural variability in climate is of such magnitude that its effects on water resources could overwhelm the effects of long-term trends in precipitation and temperature.     

Rehabilitation of degraded tropical forest lands

Summary The area of tropical forest lands in high rainfall areas that is already degraded is great and growing rapidly. Rehabilitation of such lands is important so their biological productivity can support people and reduce pressures for degradation of additional tropical forest lands. While further knowledge and experience is needed, there is a sufficient basis for trial programs. The economic and social well-being is far better served by focusing on rehabilitation of degraded lands than by additional incursions into dwindling stocks of natural forest.This position paper emanated from a Workshop of the IUCN Commission on Ecology at the Forest Research Institute, Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia, 29–31 August 1983, supported by the United 0ations Environment Programme (UNEP). Its publication was made possible by the Independent Commission on International Humanitarian Issues (ICIHI) in the context of its work on deforestation.The following persons participated: Dr. Th. E. Lovejoy, Convenor, (USA), P. Ashton (USA), G. Baines (Solomon Islands), M. Bijleveld (Switzerland), J. M. Boyd (U.K.), E. F. Brunig (F.R.G.), Chin S. C. (Malaysia), J. Davidson (Australia), S. Davis (U.K.), F. Duhme (F.R.G.), Gong W. K. (Malyasia), M. Hadley (France), L. S. Hamilton (USA), E. Hegerl (Australia), M. Jenkins (U.K.), K. Kartawinata (Indonesia), K. M. Kochumen (Malaysia), Kuang B. C. (China), N. Kwapena (Papua New Guinea), N. Manokaran (Malaysia), Salleh M. N. (Malaysia), N. Sander (F.R.G.), A. Sasekumar (Indonesia), H. Skeat (Australia), W. Smits (Netherlands), Tho Y. P. (Malaysia), Wang M. H. (China), L. Webb (Australia), Wong K. M. (Malaysia), Yap S. K. (Malaysia), Zhu J. F. (China).     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Sauvant, Karl P. (ed.), The Third World Without Superpowers - the Collected Documents of the Group of 77
Sauvant, Karl P., The Group of 77: Evolution, Structure, Organization , Oceana, New York
Petroleum Economist and Petroconsultants, Far East Oil and Energy Survey , Geneva and Dublin
Jaenicke, Günther, Erich Schanze and Wolfgang Hauser, A Joint Venture Agreement for Seabed Mining , Kluwer, Deventer, The Netherlands
Richard B. Bilder, Managing the Risks of International Agreement , University of Wisconsin Press
Brown, Lester R., Building a Sustainable Society , W. W. Norton and Co., New York and London     

Book reviews

Making Cities Work: the role of local government in the urban environment. Richard Gilbert, Don Stevenson, Herbert Girardet & Richard Stren, 1996, London, Earthscan, 203pp. ISBN 1 85383 354 1, £13.95 pbk

Environmental Policy in an International Context, Vols 1-3: Perspectives, Conflicts and Prospects. P. Glasbergen & A. Blowers (Series Eds) London, Arnold

Rhetoric and Reality in Environmental Policy. M. Wintle & R. Reeve (Eds), 1994, Aldershot, Avebury Studies in Green Research, 154 pp. ISBN 1 85628 927 3

FutureNatural: Nature, Science, Culture. G. Roberston et al. (Eds) 1996, London, Routledge, ISBN 0415 070139, £40.00 hbk

Environmental Policy with Political Integration: the European Union and the United States. New horizons in environmental economics. John B. Braden, Henk Folmer & Thomas S. Ulen (Eds), 1996, Cheltenham, Elgar Publishing, 477 pp. ISBN 1 85898 217 0     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article:
Leachate from Hazardous Wastes Sites, P. N. Cheremisinoff and K. A. Gigliello.
Water Quality: Characteristics, Modeling, Modification, G. Tchobanoglous and E. D. Schroeder.
Contaminant Removal from Public Water Systems, Daniel C. Houck, et al
Electroplating Wastewater Pollution Control Technology: Pollution Technology Review 115, George C. Cushnie, Jr.
Groundwater Management: The Use of Numerical Models, Paul van der Heijde, et al.
Interest Group Interaction and Groundwater Policy Formation in the Southwest, Zachery A. Smith.
Special Water Districts: Challenge for the Future, James N. Corbridge, Jr. (Editor)
Optimum Use of Water Resources, N. A. de Ridder and A. Erez.
Principles of Soil Conservation and Water Management, H. R. Arakeri and R. Donahue.
Facets of Hydrology II, John C. Rodda (Editor)
Water Quality and Its Control, James C. Lamb.
Groundwater Treatment Technology, Evan K. Nyer.
Ground Water in Hard Rocks, I. Larsson (Chairman) et al.
Treatise on Environmental Law, F. P. Grad.
Open-Channel Hydraulics, Richard H. French.
Cypress Swamps, K. C. Ewel and H. T. Odum     

Book reviews

Making Cities Work: the role of local government in the urban environment. Richard Gilbert, Don Stevenson, Herbert Girardet &; Richard Stren, 1996, London, Earthscan, 203pp. ISBN 1 85383 354 1, £13.95 pbk

Environmental Policy in an International Context, Vols 1–3: Perspectives, Conflicts and Prospects. P. Glasbergen &; A. Blowers (Series Eds) London, Arnold

Rhetoric and Reality in Environmental Policy. M. Wintle &; R. Reeve (Eds), 1994, Aldershot, Avebury Studies in Green Research, 154 pp. ISBN 1 85628 927 3

FutureNatural: Nature, Science, Culture. G. Roberston et al. (Eds) 1996, London, Routledge, ISBN 0415 070139, £40.00 hbk

Environmental Policy with Political Integration: the European Union and the United States. New horizons in environmental economics. John B. Braden, Henk Folmer &; Thomas S. Ulen (Eds), 1996, Cheltenham, Elgar Publishing, 477 pp. ISBN 1 85898 217 0     

New York City Environmental Justice Alliance Waterfront Justice Project

This paper reviews key challenges and opportunities addressed by the New York City Environmental Justice Alliance's (NYC-EJA) Waterfront Justice Project, a citywide campaign to promote climate resilience and sustainability in urban industrial waterfront communities of New York City. NYC-EJA is a non-profit membership-driven network linking grassroots organisations from low-income neighbourhoods and communities of colour in their struggle for environmental justice. The Waterfront Justice Project is documenting community vulnerability in the context of climate change impacts, sources of industrial pollution, and demographic and socio-economic trends. This campaign is enabling community-based organisations, environmental justice communities, city planners, local and state government agencies, local business-owners, and other stakeholders to work in partnership to achieve community resilience while advocating for local jobs and promoting best practices in pollution prevention. New York City's waterfront policies ease the siting and clustering of public infrastructure, water pollution control plants, waste transfer stations, energy facilities, and heavy manufacturing uses in six areas designated as Significant Maritime and Industrial Areas (SMIAs). The SMIAs are located in environmental justice communities, largely low-income communities and communities of colour, in the South Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens, and Staten Island. New York City's local waterfront land use and zoning policies create cumulative risk exposure not only to residents and workers in the host waterfront communities, but also, in the event of storm surge or sea-level rise, to neighbouring, upland communities.     

IMPLICATIONS OF C.A.R.E. VS. SOUTHVIEW FARM ON THE U.S. LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY INDUSTRY1

ABSTRACT: On May 19, 1993, a jury in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of New York found Southview Farm and Richard H. Popp guilty of violating the Clean Water Act on five occasions. The violations were the result of storm water runoff from a site used for disposal of dairy cattle manure from an unpermitted concentrated animal feeding operation. The presiding District Court judge later dismissed the jury verdict, and subsequently a U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit reversed the dismissal. The Court of Appeals concluded that the discharges were not exempt as agricultural storm water discharges, and that the manure spreaders involved were point sources. Because the use of animal manures in crop production activities will result, unavoidably, in the discharge of some pollutants to adjacent surface waters, a rational and universally applicable basis is needed to determine when such discharges are point versus nonpoint source. Current statutes and regulations do not delineate clearly such a boundary. To address this lack of specificity, I propose that application rates be based on recommended crop nutrient needs.     

Aquatic Nuisance Species in the New York State Canal and Hudson River Systems and the Great Lakes Basin: An Economic and Environmental Assessment

A total of 154 aquatic alien species have invaded the New York State Canal and Hudson River systems and a total of 162 aquatic species have invaded the Great Lakes Basin. Some of these invasive species are causing significant damage and control costs in both aquatic ecosystems. In the New York State Canal and Hudson River systems, the nonindigenous species are causing an estimated 500 million dollars in economic losses each year. The economic and environmental situation in the Great Lakes Basin is far more serious from nonindigenous species, with losses estimated to be about 5.7 billion dollars per year. Commercial and sport fishing suffer the most from the biological invasions, with about 400 million dollars in losses reported for the New York State Canal and Hudson River systems and 4.5 billion dollars in losses reported for the Great Lakes Basin.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this articles:
Environmental Quality and Water Development , edited by Charles R. Goldman, James McEvoy, Ill, and Peter J. Rickerson.
Nutrients in Natural Waters , edited by Herbert E. Allen and James R. Kranier.
Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, Vol. 4 , edited by Richard F. Johnson, et al.
Water Quality: Management and Pollution Control Problems, Progress in Water Technology , Vol. 3, edited by S. H. Jenkins.
Sedimentary Structures of Ephemeral Streams , by M. Dane Picard and Lee R. High, Jr.     

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF LAND COVER DATA SOURCES FOR EROSION PREDICTION1

ABSTRACT: A fundamental problem in protecting surface drinking water supplies is the identification of sites highly susceptible to soil erosion and other forms of nonpoint source (NPS) pollution. The New York City Department of Environmental Protection is trying to identify erodible sites as part of a program aimed at avoiding costly filtration. New York City's 2,000 square mile watershed system is well suited for analysis with geographic information systems (GIS); an increasingly important tool to determine the spatial distribution of sensitive NPS pollution areas. This study used a GIS to compare three land cover sources for input into the Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE), a model estimating soil loss from rangeland and forests, for a tributary watershed within New York City's water supply system. Sources included both conventional data (aerial photography) and Landsat data (MSS and TM images). Although land cover classifications varied significantly across these sources, location-specific and aggregate watershed predictions of the MUSLE were very similar. We conclude that using Landsat TM imagery with a hybrid classification algorithm provides a rapid, objective means of developing large area land cover databases for use in the MUSLE, thus presenting an attractive alternative to photo interpretation.     

PLANNING LEVEL ESTIMATES OF THE VALUE OF RESERVOIRS FOR WATER SUPPLY AND FLOW AUGMENTATION IN NEW HAMPSHIRE1

: In general, the choice among reservoirs for water supply or flow augmentation is a multiobjective problem. Choices are based in part on the yield available from water supply reservoirs or, in the case of flow augmentation reservoirs, on the increase in low flows at downstream locations. Detailed estimates of these effects may be too costly for basin planning purposes. Thus this paper presents methods for rapid estimation of those quantities for New Hampshire. For water supply reservoirs, a composite empirical relation between Y95 (the draft available 95 percent of the time) and storage ratio, S*, is developed from previous studies in the region. For flow augmentation reservoirs, empirical relations between S* and degree of regulation, R*, are applied to each upstream regulating reservoir. Values of regulation arc then summed and divided by the mean flow at the downstream reach of interest. This parameter, (ΓR)*, is then related to increase in flow available 95 percent of the time by an empirical relation.