国务院部署建立废旧商品回收体系

国务院总理温家宝近目主持召开国务院常务会议,部署建立完整、先进的废旧商品回收体系。会议对建立废旧商品回收体系作出了部署,指出,中国废旧商品回收体系很不完善,不仅影响废物利用,而且极易造成环境污染,建立完整、先进的回收、运输、处理、利用废旧商品回收体系已刻不容缓。     

简讯

商务部部署废旧商品回收体系重点工作近日,商务部召开全国废旧商品回收体系电视电话会议,贯彻落实《国务院办公厅关于建立完整的先进的废旧商品回收体系的意见》精神,落实重点工作任务分工,研究部署下一步工作。商务部副部长姜增伟在北京主会场出席会议并讲话。姜增伟指出,建立完整先进的废旧商品回收体系,是促进循环经济发展、转变经济发展方式、调整产业和产品结构、发展     

四川省推动建设现代废旧商品回收体系着力提高废旧商品回收率

近日,四川省发布《关于建立完整的先进的废旧商品回收体系的实施意见》,提出到2015年初步建立起网络完善、技术先进、分拣处理良好、管理规范的现代废旧商品回收体系,各主要品种废旧商品回收率达到70％。     

国务院办公厅关于印发建立完整的先进的废旧商品回收体系重点工作部门分工方案的通知

正国办函[2012]82号国务院有关部门:《建立完整的先进的废旧商品回收体系重点工作部门分工方案》(以下简称《分工方案》)已经国务院同意,现印发给你们,请认真落实。各有关部门要认真贯彻落实《国务院办公厅关于建立完整的先进的废旧商品回收体系的意见》(国办发[2011]49号)精神,按照《分工方案》要求,明确责任,加强协调,密切配合,抓紧制定具体措施并尽快组织实     

国务院办公厅关于建立完整的先进的废旧商品回收体系的意见

国办发[2011]49号各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府,国务院各部委、各直属机构:随着我国工业化、城镇化进程加速和人民生活水平不断提高,产品更新换代周期缩短,废旧商品数量增长加快。由于我国废旧商品回收体系很不完善,不仅影响废物利用,而且极易造成环境污染,建立完整的先进的回收、运输、处理、利用废旧商品回收     

把握机遇乘势而为全力推进再生资源回收体系建设——对温家宝总理关于建立废旧商品回收体系重要指示的理解

2011年9月22日,国务院总理温家宝主持召开国务院常务会议,部署建立完整、先进的废旧商品回收体系。在深刻学习、理解会议精神的基础上,提出了全力推动再生资源回收体系建设向纵深发展,必须要做到“四个坚持,一个加强”。     

关于编制《供销合作社废旧商品回收体系建设规划（2012—2015年）》的通知

各省、自治区、直辖市、计划单列市及新疆生产建设兵团供销合作社,中国供销集团及中国再生资源开发有限公司：为深入贯彻落实《国务院办公厅关于建立完整的先进的废旧商品回收体系的意见》（国办发[2011]49号）精神,中华全国供销合作总社（以下简称总社）成立了以杨传堂同志为组长,顾国新、戴公兴同志为副组长的废旧商品回收体系建设工作领导小组,把建立完整的先进的废旧商品回收体系作为供销合作社系统当前和今后一个时期的重大工程来推进。     

商务部办公厅关于进一步做好废旧商品回收体系建设工作的通知

商办流通函[2012]831号 各省、自治区、直辖市、计划单列市及新疆生产建设兵团商务主管部门：为深入贯彻落实《国务院办公厅关于建立完整的先进的废旧商品回收体系的意见》（国办发[2011]49号,以下简称《意见》）、《国务院办公厅关于印发建立完整的先进的废旧商品回收体系重点工作部门分工方案的通知》（国办函[2012]82号）等文件精神,进一步做好废旧商品回收体系建设工作,现就有关事项通知如下：     

商务部部署废旧商品回收体系重点工作

近日,商务部召开全国废旧商品回收体系电视电话会议,贯彻落实《国务院办公厅关于建立完整的先进的废旧商品回收体系的意见》精神,落实重点工作任务分工,研究部署下一步工作。商务部副部长姜增伟在北京主会场出席会议并讲话。     

“全国废旧商品回收利用宣传活动”系列标识、海报及口号设计征集活动中

近日为贯彻落实国务院办公厅《关于建立完整的先进的废旧商品回收体系的意见》（国办发[2011]49号），根据全国废旧商品回收体系建设部际联席会议2012年重点工作安排，决定由商务部等9部门联合举办2012年全国废旧商品回收利用宣传活动，向全国征集该活动的系列标识、海报及口号。     

大连实施垃圾分类回收积极推进垃圾资源再生利用产业化

大连在全国率先创建新型垃圾分类回收体系,实现废旧物资回收与垃圾分类回收在同一个垃圾分类回收站内完成,有利于各类废物资源集中收集、分类回收、资源化利用或处理,彻底改革了我国传统落后的废旧物资回收与垃圾收集处理方式,为废旧物资与垃圾资源再生与循环利用提供了保障条件,也为垃圾处理产业化奠定了坚实的基础。     

水处理技术发展对电力工业水循环利用的经济性影响

讨论了一些为提高生产力和降低成本而发展起来的废水零排放或水回收循环利用前沿技术,并将这些技术的经济性与原有的水循环利用系统进行比较.     

Mineral wool waste in Europe: a review of mineral wool waste quantity,quality, and current recycling methods

The construction and demolition (C&D) industry has been identified as a major source of waste. European Union legislation states that, by 2020, 70 % of C&D waste must be prepared for reuse, recycled or recovered. European Union member states must increase their C&D waste recycling percentages in order to meet this binding target. Utilization of mineral wool waste, often considered unrecyclable, could improve the recycling percentage of C&D waste. In this article, mineral wool production and waste volumes are estimated based on information from the Eurostat database. A literature survey is conducted to collect information about mineral wool material properties, current recycling methods, and barriers to recycling of mineral wool, and suitable methods for separating mineral wool from C&D waste streams and the economic viability of mineral wool recycling are discussed. It is noted that accurate estimation of mineral wool waste volumes is problematic due to the fragmented nature of available data. Based on the literature review, current methods for recycling mineral wool waste include utilization of mineral wool waste as a raw material in various products. Barriers to recycling include economic questions and issues related to the purity and health effects of mineral wool waste. Material properties of mineral wool waste, such as fire resistance, could provide improved properties in products utilizing mineral wool waste as a raw material.     

Building waste management in Bulgaria: challenges and opportunities

Building waste recycling as aggregates is a modern approach for preventing environmental pollution through both reducing the stocks of waste and decreasing the use of natural aggregates. The reuse of building waste is a relatively new issue for Bulgaria despite the existing considerable quantity of building waste and the significant changes in the environmental rules applied. The paper discusses generated and potential waste streams in Bulgaria in the context of the social and economic restructuring and recent urban development undergone by the country. The main preliminary conditions for developing the recycling activity such as: streams of building waste, experience in recycling, technical and environmental standardization, appropriate technologies, etc. are examined. The authors analyze current practice and research activities with regard to the implementation of advanced EU building-waste recycling methods. Conclusions are drawn about existing opportunities and the priorities of the needed building waste management strategy in the country.     

含砷废料资源化利用与无害化处置现状

砷及其砷化物有剧毒,若处置不当,通过土壤、大气和水介质等各种途径进入环境,严重影响人类的生存环境。因此对含砷废料资源化利用和无害化处理一直是环保工作重要研究课题。针对含砷废料来源、稳定性评价方法和资源化综合利用技术进行分析,在此基础上提出含砷废料资源化利用和无害化处置建议。要从根本上建立健全相应的法律法规、标准体系,建立管理网络,培育市场运行体系,强化技术支撑体系,大力推广减量化、资源化、无害化的高新实用技术。     

Scenario of solid waste reuse in Khulna city of Bangladesh

The reuse and recycling of waste materials are now sincerely considered to be an integral part of solid waste management in many parts of the world. In this context, a vast number of options ranging from small scale decentralized to larger scale centralized plants have been adopted. This study aimed at investigating the waste reuse schemes in Khulna city located in the southern part of Bangladesh and ranked third largest city in the country. The shops for reusable material (SRM) were mostly situated around railway, waterway, and truck station markets which provided easy transportation to further locations. For the reuses of waste materials and products, a chain system was found to collect reusable wastes under a total number of 310 identified SRM with 859 persons directly or indirectly involved in the scheme. This was a decentralized waste management system with self sufficient (autonomous) management. According to mass balance, about 38.52 tons d^?1 solid wastes were reused in Khulna city area, accounting for 7.65% of the total generated wastes. This study revealed that apparently a silent, systematic, smooth, and clean reuse chain has been established in Khulna city area under private initiatives, whose sustainability was confirmed over the years in the country without any official or formal funds. However, proper adjustment between the higher and lower chain in the materials flow path, as well as personal hygiene training for the workers, would further improve the achievements of the established reuse scheme.     

Recycling and reuse of industrial wastes in Taiwan

Eighteen million metric tons of industrial wastes are produced every year in Taiwan. In order to properly handle the industrial wastes, the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (Taiwan EPA) has set up strategic programs that include establishment of storage, treatment, and final disposal systems, establishment of a management center for industrial wastes, and promotion of recycling and reuse of industrial wastes. The Taiwan EPA has been actively promoting the recycling and reuse of industrial wastes over the years. In July 1995 the Taiwan EPA amended and promulgated the Criteria for the Industrial Waste Storage, Collection and Processing Facility, July, 1995 that added articles related to general industrial waste recycling and reuse. In June 1996 the Taiwan EPA promulgated the Non-listed General Industrial Waste Reuse Application Procedures, June, 1996, followed by the Regulations Governing the Permitting of Hazardous Industrial Waste Reuse, June 1996, setting up a full regulatory framework for governing industrial waste reuse. To broaden the recycling and reuse of general industrial wastes, the Taiwan EPA has listed 14 industrial waste items for recycling and reuse, including waste paper, waste iron, coal ash, tempered high furnace bricks (cinder), high furnace bricks (cinder), furnace transfer bricks (cinder), sweetening dregs, wood (whole/part), glass (whole/part), bleaching earth, ceramics (pottery, brick, tile and cast sand), individual metal scraps (copper, zinc, aluminum and tin), distillery grain (dregs) and plastics. As of June 1999, 99 applications for reuse of industrial wastes had been approved with 1.97 million metric tons of industrial wastes being reused.     

Internal cycle modeling and environmental assessment of multiple cycle consumer products

Dynamic annual flow models incorporating consumer discard and usage loss and featuring deterministic and stochastic end-of-cycle (EOC) return by the consumer are developed for reused or remanufactured products (multiple cycle products, MCPs), including fast and slow cycling, short and long-lived products. It is shown that internal flows (reuse and overall consumption) increase proportionally to the dimensionless internal cycle factor (ICF) which is related to environmental impact reduction factors. The combined reuse/recycle (or cycle) rate is shown capable for shortcut, albeit effective, monitoring of environmental performance in terms of waste production, virgin material extraction and manufacturing impacts of all MCPs, a task, which physical variables (lifetime, cycling frequency, mean or total number of return trips) and conventional rates, via which environmental policy has been officially implemented (e.g. recycling rate) cannot accomplish. The cycle rate is shown to be an increasing (hyperbolic) function of ICF. The impact of the stochastic EOC return characteristics on total reuse and consumption flows, as well as on eco-performance, is assessed: symmetric EOC return has a small, positive effect on performance compared to deterministic, while early shifted EOC return is more beneficial. In order to be efficient, environmental policy should set higher minimum reuse targets for higher trippage MCPs. The results may serve for monitoring, flow accounting and comparative eco-assessment of MCPs. They may be useful in identifying reachable and efficient reuse/recycle targets for consumer products and in planning return via appropriate labelling and digital coding for enhancing environmental performance, while satisfying consumer demand.     

Recycling of waste PET into useful textile auxiliaries

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste fibers were initially depolymerized using a glycolysis route in the presence of sodium sulfate as a catalyst, which is a commonly used chemical and ecofriendly as compared to heavy metal catalysts. Good yield of the pure monomer bis(2-hydroxyethylene terephthalate) (BHET) was obtained. Further, to attempt its reuse, the purified BHET was converted to different fatty amide derivatives to obtain quaternary ammonium compounds that have a potential for use as softener in the textile finishing process. The products were characterized by infrared spectroscopy. Application of these synthesized compounds was carried out on cotton fabric; they were evaluated for performance and were found to give good results. The chemicals used during depolymerization and reuse of PET are inexpensive and comparatively less harmful to the environment, and thus offer advantages in the chemical recycling of polyester waste fibers.     

Life cycle assessment of a national policy proposal - the case of a Swedish waste incineration tax

At the core of EU and Swedish waste policy is the so-called waste hierarchy, according to which waste should first be prevented, but should otherwise be treated in the following order of prioritisation: reuse, recycling when environmentally motivated, energy recovery, and last landfilling. Some recent policy decisions in Sweden aim to influence waste management in the direction of the waste hierarchy. In 2001 a governmental commission assessed the economic and environmental impacts of introducing a weight-based tax on waste incineration, the purpose of which would be to encourage waste reduction and increase materials recycling and biological treatment. This paper presents the results of a life cycle assessment (LCA) of the waste incineration tax proposal. It was done in the context of a larger research project concerning the development and testing of a framework for Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA). The aim of this paper is to assess the life cycle environmental impacts of the waste incineration tax proposal, and to investigate whether there are any possibilities of more optimal design of such a tax. The proposed design of the waste incineration tax results in increased recycling, but only in small environmental improvements. A more elaborate tax design is suggested, in which the tax level would partly be related to the fossil carbon content of the waste.