生物过滤法处理低浓度有机废气的研究进展

介绍了生物过滤法处理低浓度有机废气的基本工艺流程,阐述了近年来国内外针对生物滤池性能影响因素的研究进展,包括微生物、填料、湿度、温度、pH和营养等,指出了各因素在生物滤池运行过程中的作用及存在问题,并对应用生物过滤技术的前景进行了分析。     

生物滤池处理炼油厂废水

采用活性炭、沸石、建筑陶粒及工程陶粒等作为生物滤池填料,考察了生物滤池对炼油厂废水中COD、NH_3-N、浊度的去除效果。实验结果表明,最佳的工艺条件为:水力停留时间1.5 h,进水有机负荷0.74～1.85 kg/(m~3·d),曝气量0.29 L/min。工程陶粒对COD和NH_3-N的去除效果最好,且出水浊度能达到废水回用标准,可作为生物滤池的填料。     

恶臭气体生物处理技术研究进展

介绍了恶臭气体的种类、危害、特征、处理方法及原理；概述了恶臭气体的3种主要生物处理方法：生物滤池、生物滴滤池和生物洗涤器，介绍3种方法的工艺流程、技术特点及最新研究进展；提出了生物法处理恶臭气体亟需解决的问题及研究方向。     

曝气生物滤池在中水回用于循环冷却水中去除氨氮的探讨

介绍了曝气生物滤池（BAF）工艺应用于脱氮方面的特点，探讨以该工艺处理市政污水厂二级出水，以回用于火电厂循环冷却水的优越性。     

BAF低温挂膜的影响因素分析

在低温条件下对曝气生物滤池(BAF)的挂膜进行了研究,考察了温度对曝气生物滤池挂膜的影响.结果表明,水温是低温挂膜的重要影响因素,低温条件下挂膜应采取保温措施,防止管路冻结,且对进水加热升温以促进微生物的生长.对挂膜期间曝气生物滤池去除有机物和NH3-N的情况进行了分析.     

从碳黑废水中提取导电碳黑

从炭黑废水中提取的炭黑，经干燥，其质量可符合导电炭黯 的要求，重点介绍了提取导电碳黑过程中物料的传递及干燥工艺，并泽试车中出现的问题进行了分析。     

利用氧化铝厂赤泥制备硫化氢脱硫剂的方法

该发明公开了一种用氧化铝厂赤泥制备硫化氢脱硫剂的方法。步骤如下：将原料赤泥和助剂（赤泥附液、酸液、碱液、蒸馏水任选一种）混合后置于研钵中，其中赤泥质量分数为80％～90％，助剂质量分数为10％～20％，将配好的物料加水搅拌，制得含湿量为65％～75％的粘浆物料；将粘浆物料送入挤条机，经多孔板挤成直径为1～5mm，长为2～8mm的柱状物料；     

从炭黑废水中提取导电炭黑

从炭黑废水中提取的炭黑，经干燥，其质量可符合导电炭黑的要求。重点介绍了提取导电炭黑过程中物料的传递及干燥工艺，并对试车中出现的问题进行了分析。     

生物膜法处理挥发性有机化合物技术

综述了生物法有机废气处理技术的国内外研究现状,介绍了生物膜法处理VICs的装置及工艺流程。重点讨论了生物滤池和生物滴滤池在设计和运行中存在的问题及填料、生物量、湿度、pH和营养物质等主要影响因素。     

塔式生物滤池处理石油工业废水

本文介绍塔式生物滤池处理石油工业废水的试验和生产运行的结果。除对炼厂的一般含油废水和酸碱废水外,并对含盐度高的废水和浓度高的页岩干馏废水以及浓度较低的洗罐站废水均进行过工作。结果表明,塔式生物滤池有占地面积小,承受有机负荷范围宽,对毒物的忍受能力较大,在工艺上没有污泥膨胀及污泥上浮等使操作难以控制的毛病。有能耗较低、设备维修简便、操作环境较好及较易管理等优点。     

污水深度处理过滤罐反冲洗工艺的优化

针对油田污水深度处理设备运行一段时间后出现的过滤罐过流量下降、反冲洗后短时间内污水含油量偏高等现象,对过滤罐的反冲洗工艺进行了调整,考察了反冲洗压力、反冲洗周期、反冲洗程序对过滤罐过滤效果的影响。试验结果表明:最佳反冲洗压力为250 k Pa,在此条件下滤料的更换周期长达半年之久,过流量约为310 m3/h;最佳反冲洗周期为35 min;调整后的反冲洗程序为在每次反冲洗前先不提起盖板,使滤料在压缩状态下水冲洗5 min,水冲洗完成后再开始正常的气、水反冲洗过程。调整反冲洗程序后过滤罐出口污水含油量下降了6 mg/L,平均值为8 mg/L。     

Recovery of high purity zinc from filter ash produced during the thermal treatment of waste and inerting of residual materials.

The method described below recovers zinc, a valuable metal that is present in high concentrations in filter ash from the thermal treatment of waste, and returns the filter ash stripped of heavy metals to the combustion process in order to destroy organic substances. On an industrial scale, the heavy metals in the filter ash were mobilized by means of hydrochloric acid in the acidic fluids produced in the flue-gas scrubbing process without the addition of further chemicals. A pilot plant for implementing the selective reactive extraction (SRE) method on the ash extracts, using a highly selective complexant, was operated over a period of several months in order to obtain a concentrated, high-purity zinc salt solution (mono metal solution). A zinc depletion rate of 99.8% in the aqueous extract was achieved using mixer-settler units. The residual zinc concentration in the waste water was then < 2 mg L(-1). By stripping the loaded organic phase, a concentrated, high-purity mono metal solution with 190 g L(-1) zinc was obtained. Zinc metal with a purity > 99.99% is then separated by means of electrolysis. To destroy organic substances present in the filter ash, particularly dioxins and furans, the extracted filter ash cake was returned to the combustion process together with household waste. Plant operation, raw and pure gas parameters, and quality of the bottom ash produced were not impacted by such recirculation. The profitability of the overall process is attributable both to the recovery of valuable zinc metal and to the cost savings made in waste water treatment and in the disposal of the waste combustion residues because the remaining mixture of filter ash and bottom ash can be reused in a combined form. This method therefore supports the sustainable and economically viable reuse of filter ash.     

用带式压滤机处理含油污泥

对中油集团锦州石化分公司污水处理场的含油污泥装置进行了改造，介绍了带式压滤机处理含油污泥的机理，特点及工艺流程，从装置近10个 月的运行效果看，生产运行指标，达到了设计要求，同时，带式压滤机处理含油污泥仍具有一些不足之处。     

改性核桃壳滤料对油田含油污水的过滤效果

采用亚硫酸氢镁蒸煮法对核桃壳滤料进行亲水改性,考察了改性核桃壳滤料对油田含油污水的过滤、反洗效果,探讨了改性前后核桃壳滤料的过滤过程及乳化油捕集机理。实验结果表明:在蒸煮温度为95℃、蒸煮时间为5 h、w(MgHSO_3)为5%的条件下,核桃壳滤料接触角由改性前的117.1°降至62.4°;分4批次过滤含油污水,改性核桃壳滤料的平均出水含油量为32.3 mg/L,平均油去除率为78.5%,平均浊度为7.7 NTU,平均浊度去除率为89.7%;改性核桃壳滤料的反洗效果显著改善,反洗水含油量由520 mg/L提高到840 mg/L,核桃壳滤料增重率由4.3%下降到0.2%。     

采出水处理回用高通量膜法技术

针对某低渗透油田企业采出水,开展了现场膜处理小试实验,考察了采用膨化聚四氟乙烯(ePTFE)微滤膜工艺处理采出水达到回注标准的技术可行性,确定了膜前过滤介质及其最佳浓度,并就实际应用进行了工艺设计.采用膜前过滤介质,避免了采出水中的石油类物质对膜产生污堵等负面影响.膜前过滤介质为吸附性介质硅藻土与刚性颗粒介质碳酸钙复配...     

Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Compost Composites for Biofiltration of Swine Waste Volatiles

In this study, a Poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)/compost composite bead is prepared and is indicated suitable as a filter material for biofiltration. The optimal preparation process is with the compost size of 16–35 mesh, the ratio of water to compost of 40 g/15 g compost, and the immersion time in the phosphate solution of 60 min. The composite bead prepared by this process is a porous spherical particle with a diameter between 2.4 and 6.0 mm and a density of 0.96 g/cm³. It contains 9.43 mg P/g dry solid and 12.1 mg N/g dry solid. The equilibrium moisture content of the composite bead bed from adsorption and holding experiments is 50.5 and 54.6% on a wet basis respectively, which is about 1.74 times higher than that of swine manure compost bed. It corresponds to the optimal filter material required and is sufficient to sustain biological activity as the composite bead adsorbs equilibrium moisture. The bulk compressive strength of the composite bead bed is about 1.15 times larger than that of swine manure compost bed to ensure even distribution of air flow and reduce the head loss as the air flow stream passed through. The pH value of the filter bed could maintain in the 6.9–7.2 range during the operation period due to the composite bead has the phosphate buffer capacity. The percentage of ethyl acetate removal could remain at over 99% for 40 days operation while the composite beads adsorbed inorganic nitrate nutrients. The pressure drop of two kind composite beads and pig manure compost filter beds are 0 and 2 mm H₂O, respectively, after operating for 40 days.     

钼酸铵生产废液的综合治理

钼酸铵生产过程中产生的酸性废液,经中和,过滤,滤渣热碱浸取、滤液蒸发浓缩等步骤,可回收废液中的７９％的钼,并获得ＮＨ４ＮＯ３、ＮＨ４Ｃｌ混合液体肥料。     

炼化污水提标工艺的比选与应用

为了满足严苛的污水排放标准,采用中试试验比对的方法,考察了4种石化污水提标处理工艺的特点和实际效果。针对炼化污水及烯烃污水的不同水质,分别确定了"均质调节罐—反硝化滤池(DNF)—臭氧反应池—生物活性炭滤池—高密度澄清池"及"均质调节罐—中和池—高效生物反应池—高密度澄清池"的不同处理方案,并实施了工业应用。实际运行结果显示,两套提标改造装置的处理效果能够达到《城镇污水处理厂污水综合排放标准》(DB 12/599—2015)的要求(COD≤30 mg/L,TN≤10 mg/L,ρ(NH_3-N)≤1.5 mg/L,TP≤0.3 mg/L)。     

曝气生物滤池效能关键影响因素研究进展

曝气生物滤池（BAF）是一种新型的生物氧化处理工艺,已被广泛应用于城市废水处理、中水回用及微污染源水的预处理。详细论述了目前国内外对BAF效能的关键影响因素,如填料、水力停留时间、进水底物、水温、曝气量与进水量比、反冲洗工艺、化学除磷药剂等的研究现状,并探讨了其今后的研究方向。     

活性焦吸附—曝气生物滤池处理煤气化废水生化出水

采用活性焦吸附—曝气生物滤池（BAF）工艺对煤气化废水生化出水进行深度处理。在活性焦投加量2 g/L、吸附时间2 h、BAF生化停留时间4 h的条件下,总COD去除率为85.4%,最终出水平均COD为45.2 mg/L,满足后续双膜法回用工艺要求（COD≤50 mg/L）。活性焦对致色的大分子有机物具有较好的吸附效果,吸附后废水的色度从300倍降至60倍,同时耗氧速率加快,可生化性提高。活性焦的吸附以物理吸附为主,吸附出水没有急性毒性。三维荧光光谱显示：各单元对于酚类的去除均有贡献,小分子组分中的酚类几乎全被去除。