燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电机组的清洁生产特性

结合我国“西气东输”以及发展燃气—蒸汽联合循环发电机组的状况，较为全面地阐述了以天然气作为能源的燃气—蒸汽联合循环发电机组的清洁生产特性。     

浅析燃气-蒸汽联合循环机组的环保效益

简要介绍了联合循环发电技术，并通过与常规火力发电技术的对比，论述了燃气－蒸汽联合循环厂在点地，节约能源，节水和减少污染物排放等方面的环保效益。     

自由浮球式疏水阀与节能

北京市密云翔云机械厂系专门生产自由浮球式疏水阀的厂家,该厂产品技术一流,质量可靠,实行三包。该厂生产的自由浮球式疏水阀,能将蒸汽管网及供热设备中的凝结水及时排出并阻止蒸汽的漏出,对提高热效率和节能起着重要作用。该产品具有密封性好,无噪音,寿命长和热效率高等特点,深受全国广大用户的好评。     

大型增压流化率联合循环的发展

７０ＭＷ容量等成功投运为增压流化床联合循环向大型化方向发展奠定了坚实的基础，本文介绍了大型（３５０ＭＷ容量等级）增压流化联合循环技术发展情况，预测了大型增压流化床联合循环发电机组在燃煤发电商业市场的发展前景。     

增压流化床燃烧联合循环的环保特性

增压流化床燃烧联合循环是一种新型燃烧热力发电技术，它具有高效低污染的突出优点。本文分析了增压流化床燃烧联合循环中ＮＯＸ，ＳＯＸ，ＣＯ，ＣＯ２的形成过程，介绍了控制增压流化床燃烧联合循环的ＮＯＸ，ＳＯＸ，ＣＯ，ＣＯ２和粉尘排放的最新研究成果。     

石化企业节水减污途径分析

提出了石化企业开展节水减污工作的总体思路，即以吨产品取水量为评价指标，以水平衡测试为手段，找出问题，采取措施。在对精对苯二甲酸、丙烯腈、腈纶、氮肥装置的实测和调查的基础上，针对发现的问题，在取水计量仪表、蒸汽凝结水、循环冷却水、管理制度、废水回用等方面提出了相应的节水措施。     

蒸汽输送半干半湿法烟气脱硫剂/脱硫灰的研究

半干半湿法烟气脱硫工艺采用锅炉蒸汽作为脱硫剂和循环脱硫灰的输送介质,在分析所输送物料的粒度分布、化学成分以及输送过程中物料性质变化的基础上,自行研制了1套蒸汽输送系统。对这种蒸汽输送系统进行了试验研究,结果表明,在蒸汽压力为0.8MPa,温度为200℃时,文丘里喷射器入料口的真空度最高达0.02MPa。该系统可同时输送石灰和粉煤灰两种不同的物料,在蒸汽消耗量只有120 kg/h的条件下,物料总流量达480 kg/h,输送总体积流量为1 040m3/h。     

燃煤电站SCR烟气脱硝还原剂尿素热解热源的选择

介绍了燃煤电站SCR尿素热解工艺,结合当前燃料价格,通过工程案例计算,对比了各种尿素热解热源的运行费用。计算结果表明,高温蒸汽加热方案的运行费用最省,但在实际应用中受到相关条件的限制;在一定条件下,燃气加热与电加热方案是工程的优选技术方案。     

含油和铝粉的废硅藻土助滤剂的再生方法

该专利公开了一种含油和铝粉废硅藻土助滤剂的再生方法。将含油和铝粉的废硅藻土原料放入水槽中，加酸搅拌，搅拌过后沉淀，自行分离半成品煤油、水、半成品硅藻土；将煤油抽入蒸馏罐蒸馏，蒸汽入循环池，对煤油进行冷却，对成品煤油进行精制，入成品油罐得成品油；沉淀后自行分离的半成品硅藻土，加温搅拌后，入甩干机甩干，然后烘干，得硅藻土混合原料，     

大型增压流化床联合循环的发展

:70MW容量等级的成功投运为增压流化床联合循环向大型化方向发展奠定了坚实的基础 ,本文介绍了大型(35 0MW容量等级 )增压流化联合循环技术发展情况 ,预测了大型增压流化床联合循环发电机组在燃煤发电商业市场的发展前景。     

Life cycle impact assessment of various waste conversion technologies

Advanced thermal treatment technologies utilizing pyrolysis or gasification, as well as a combined approach, are introduced as sustainable methods to treat wastes in Singapore. Eight different technologies are evaluated: pyrolysis–gasification of MSW; pyrolysis of MSW; thermal cracking gasification of granulated MSW; combined pyrolysis, gasification and oxidation of MSW; steam gasification of wood; circulating fluidized bed (CFB) gasification of organic wastes; gasification of RDF; and the gasification of tyres.Life cycle assessment is carried out to determine the environmental impacts of the various waste conversion systems including global warming potential, acidification potential, terrestrial eutrophication and ozone photochemical formation. The normalization and weighting results, calculated according to Singapore national emission inventories, showed that the two highest impacts are from thermal cracking gasification of granulated MSW and the gasification of RDF; and the least are from the steam gasification of wood and the pyrolysis–gasification of MSW.A simplified life cycle cost comparison showed that the two most costs-effective waste conversion systems are the CFB gasification of organic waste and the combined pyrolysis, gasification and oxidation of MSW. The least favorable – highest environmental impact as well as highest costs – are the thermal cracking gasification of granulated MSW and the gasification of tyres.     

Augmenting in-situ remediation by soil vapor extraction with six-phase soil heating

The use and performance of soil vapor extraction (SVE) as an in-situ remedial technology has been limited at numerous sites because of both geologic and chemical factors. SVE systems are not well suited to sites containing low permeability soils or sites contaminated with recalcitrant compounds. Six-phase soil heating (SPSH) has been developed by the Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories (Battelle) to enhance SVE systems. The technology utilizes resistive soil heating to increase the vapor pressure of subsurface contaminants and to generate an in-situ source of steam. The steam strips contaminants sorbed onto soil surfaces and acts as a carrier gas, providing an enhanced mechanism by which the contaminants can reach an extraction well. Full-scale applications of SPSH have been performed at the U.S. Department of Energy's Savannah River Site in Aiken, South Carolina; at a former fire training site in Niagara Falls, New York; and at Fort Richardson near Anchorage, Alaska. At each site, chlorinated solvents were present in low permeability soils and SPSH was applied in conjunction with SVE. The results of the three applications showed that SPSH is a cost-effective technology that can reduce the time required to remediate a site using only conventional SVE.     

Wasteless combined aggregate-coal-fired steam-generator/melting-converter

A method of reprocessing coal sludge and ash into granulate for the building industry in a combined wasteless aggregate-steam-generator/melting-converter was developed and tested. The method involves melting sludge and ash from coal-fired steam-generators of power plants in a melting-converter installed under the steam-generator, with direct sludge drain from the steam generator combustion chamber. The direct drain of sludge into converter allows burnup of coal with high ash levels in the steam-generator without an additional source of ignition (natural gas, heating oil, etc.). Specific to the melting process is the use of a gas-air mixture with direct combustion inside a melt. This feature provides melt bubbling and helps to achieve maximum heat transfer from combustion products to the melt, to improve mixing, to increase rate of chemical reactions and to improve the conditions for burning the carbon residue from the sludge and ash. The "gross" thermal efficiency of the combined aggregate is about 93% and the converter capacity is about 18 t of melt in 100 min. The experimental data for different aspects of the proposed method are presented. The effective ash/charging materials feeding system is also discussed. The reprocessed coal ash and sludge in the form of granules can be used as fillers for concrete and as additives in the production of cement, bricks and other building materials.     

Hydrogen-rich fuel gas production from refuse plastic fuel pyrolysis and steam gasification

In this study, experimental conditions were optimized to maximize the production of hydrogen gas from refuse plastic fuel (RPF) by pyrolysis and steam gasification processes conducted in a laboratory-scale reactor. We carried out gasification using 10-g RPF samples at different temperatures (700°-1000°C) with and without steam. The effect of the amount of steam (0–0.25 g/min) for RPF steam gasification was also studied. The effect of K₂CO₃ as a catalyst on these processes was also investigated. Experimental results showed that the hydrogen gas yield increased with temperature; with respect to the gas composition, the hydrogen content increased mainly at the expense of other gaseous compounds, which highlights the major extension of secondary cracking reactions in the gaseous fraction at higher temperatures.     

燃机进气冷却技术探讨

燃机进气冷却技术是一种提高燃机发电机组在高温环境下出力的关键技术,研究、实践燃机进气冷却技术具有重要意义.探讨了大气温度影响燃机出力、效率的机理,介绍了燃机进气冷却应用的发展过程,并分析对比了燃机进气冷却的主要方式及主要优缺点,可对燃机进气冷却技术的工程应用提供参考.     

Hydrogen-rich gas production from sorption-enhanced sludge gasification using CaO-based biochar derived from crab shell as a CO2 sorbent

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - A CaO-based biochar (CSC) prepared from waste crab shell was used as a low-cost CO2 sorbent to enhance sludge steam gasification for H2-rich gas...     

Alternative strategies for energy recovery from municipal solid waste Part A: Mass and energy balances

This two-part paper assesses four strategies for energy recovery from municipal solid waste (MSW) by dedicated waste-to-energy (WTE) plants generating electricity through a steam cycle. The feedstock is the residue after materials recovery (MR), assumed to be 35% by weight of the collected MSW. In strategy 1, the MR residue is fed directly to a grate combustor. In strategy 2, the MR residue is first subjected to light mechanical treatment. In strategies 3 and 4, the MR residue is converted into RDF, which is combusted in a fluidized bed combustor. To examine the relevance of scale, we considered a small waste management system (WMS) serving 200,000 people and a large WMS serving 1,200,000 people. A variation of strategy 1 shows the potential of cogeneration with district heating. The assessment is carried out by a Life Cycle Analysis where the electricity generated by the WTE plant displaces electricity generated by fossil fuel-fired steam plants. Part A focuses on mass and energy balances, while Part B focuses on emissions and costs. Results show that treating the MR residue ahead of the WTE plant reduces energy recovery. The largest energy savings are achieved by combusting the MR residue "as is" in large scale plants; with cogeneration, primary energy savings can reach 2.5% of total societal energy use.     

钼酸铵的清洁生产工艺

以酸-盐预处理-离子交换组合工艺替代传统工艺,提出了氧化钼、氨生产钼酸铵清洁生产工艺.该工艺采用液、渣双循环代替液单循环,以电锅炉替换燃煤锅炉.含氨废气采用酸性生产废水吸收,产生的高浓度含氨废液进行汽提处理,分离出的氨回用于生产,废液和含氨废气处理后均达标排放,基本实现了钼酸铵的清洁生产.采用该清洁生产工艺生产钼酸铵,...     

Gasification of waste plastics by steam reforming in a fluidized bed

The process of producing synthetic gas from waste plastics by steam reforming was investigated. To evaluate this process, the steam reforming of the oils derived from low-density polyethylene and polystyrene were carried out using a laboratory-scale fluidized bed of Ni-Al₂O₃ catalysts. The performance of gasification in terms of carbon conversion, gas yield, and gas compositions was examined. Although oils derived from plastics contain many kinds of heavy hydrocarbons and aromatics, they were well gasified at temperatures above 1023 K with a steam/carbon ratio of 3.5 and a weight hourly space velocity of 1 h⁻¹. The hydrogen content of the product gas was very high at approximately 72 vol% for polyethylene-derived oil and 68 vol% for polystyrene-derived oil. These compositions agreed well with the values calculated from chemical equilibrium.