氯乙烯储罐安全性分析

氯乙烯是被列入高毒物品的易燃易爆气体物质,液化氯乙烯由于其常温储存下蒸气压力高于大气压而在发生泄漏时容易引起火灾、爆炸、中毒等事故.氯乙烯储罐往往因为储存的物质量大而成为重大危险源.从国内现阶段法律法规、标准要求入手,分析了对氯乙烯储罐的安全要求,并以一具体储罐及其安全设施为实例,研究分析了储罐安全阀发生排放和储罐BLEVE等事故后果.并以此为基础,提出了本实例条件下保证储罐安全的具体要求.     

迎接安全生产工作的春天

如今一提起安全生产,人们常说“安全生产形势严峻”,这似乎成了一句官话。一开会便是这个问题、那个问题,总之问题很多。归纳起来,问题主要是领导不重视,资金短缺,人手不够。于是得出结论:形势不好,工作难做,前景黯淡,搞安全工作没有出路。上述问题确实存在而且带有一定的普遍性。但是否因此就得出消极、甚至悲观的结论?我看不尽然。对一个从事安全工作的同     

《防护服一般要求》修订初探

国际标准化技术委员会在ISO13688:2013《防护服 一般要求（Protective clothing-General requirements）》投票草案中,对标准的使用范围、 设计、安全、卫生健康、环境保护、人机工效学、尺寸、标识和制造商应提供的信息等,提出了更加严格、具体的技术要求,同时提供了配套的检测方法。重点对该国际标准的人类工效学、健康卫生、环境影响等技术条款及检测验证方法进行了初步的探讨,提出对我国修改采用该国际标准的国家标准GB/T20097-2006《防护服 一般要求》的相关技术要求修订的建议方案     

Ensuring emergency planning & response meet the minimum Process Safety Management (PSM) standards requirements

When incidents happen and the consequences are not mitigated effectively, one of the indicated failures consists of ineffective emergency planning and response (EPR). EPR is an important aspect of the Process Safety Management (PSM) Standards, and the guidelines are stated in CFR 1910.119 (n) which explains the minimum elements of emergency response and procedures in handling emergency or small releases. Despite its implementation in 1992, CSB finds ineffective EPR system in certain accidents such as the Missouri DPS Enterprise Chlorine Gas Release accident in 2002. DPS EPR failed in planning on location of emergency equipment and accessibility. Many other accidents have occurred throughout the decade and even though organizations have their own EPR system, there are issues in meeting minimum PSM requirements. There also exists the problem of self-regulatory policies practiced by organizations, which might not meet these requirements as well. To help organizations meet these minimum requirements, the purpose of this paper is to present a structured and easy technique to plan and implement EPR as per PSM requirements. A model has been developed based on this technique, and its application has been tested as a case study in a refinery in Malaysia and discussed throughout this report. The results reflected the feasibility of this model as it helped users to track and manage documents efficiently. This technique has the potential to help users to manage EPR better and to reduce adverse impacts to people, environment and assets.     

Definition of an airworthiness certification framework for civil unmanned aircraft systems

The development of effective safety regulations for unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) is an issue of paramount concern for industry. The development of this framework is a prerequisite for greater UAS access to civil airspace and, subsequently, the continued growth of the UAS industry. The direct use of the existing conventionally piloted aircraft (CPA) airworthiness certification framework for the regulation of UAS has a number of limitations. The objective of this paper is to present one possible approach for the structuring of airworthiness regulations for civilian UAS. The proposed approach facilitates a more systematic, objective and justifiable method for managing the spectrum of risk associated with the diversity of UAS and their potential operations. A risk matrix is used to guide the development of an airworthiness certification matrix (ACM). The ACM provides a structured categorisation that facilitates the future tailoring of regulations proportionate to the levels of risk associated with the operation of the UAS. As a result, an objective and traceable link may be established between mandated regulations and the overarching objective for an equivalent level of safety to CPA. The ACM also facilitates the systematic consideration of a range of technical and operational mitigation strategies. For these reasons, the ACM is proposed as a suitable method for the structuring of an airworthiness certification framework for civil or commercially operated UAS (i.e., the UAS equivalent in function to the Part 21 regulations for civil CPA) and for the further structuring of requirements on the operation of UAS in un-segregated airspace.     

对GB12011—2000《电绝缘鞋通用技术条件》中电性能要求的解析

强制性国家标准《电绝缘鞋通用技术条件》经全国个体防护装备标准化技术委员会审查,国家质量技术监督局审批,今年6月1日起实施。本刊特邀该标准首席起草人佘启元高工就其中电性能要求的规定进行解析,以飨读者。     

机场运行安全规划中安全指标体系的构建

通过对机场运行安全规划中安全指标体系定位的分析,遵循可接受、可实施、可量化、可调控的原则,以结果和过程管理思想为指导,结合风险管理理论,构建机场运行安全规划中的安全指标体系。这个体系包括3个子体系,它们分别涉及运行安全的结果、运行安全的业务过程和运行安全管理绩效3个方面。其中,有关运行安全结果的子指标体系包括事故、事故征候、其他不安全事件3个维度11项指标;有关运行安全业务过程的子指标体系包括飞行区管理、机坪运行管理等7个维度20项指标;有关安全管理绩效的子指标体系包括安全政策与目标、风险管理等4个维度7项指标。     

锅炉的定性定量安全评价方法研究

本文对锅炉危险、有害因素进行了分析,并对其危险性作了定性、定量评价,最后在分析评价和事故原因的基础上,提出了相应的对策措施.     

Sample size requirements for multiple regression interval estimation

Sample size planning is one of the most important issues in the design of a study. Simple and accurate sample size formulas for a desired confidence interval width have been developed for many statistical procedures, but a simple and accurate sample size formula for the squared multiple correlation has been a notable exception. Several rule‐of‐thumb sample size recommendations for a multiple regression analysis have been proposed over the years but none are satisfactory. Other approaches have focused on the construction of elaborate tables of sample size requirements, but these tables are both unwieldy and inadequate. We present a simple, accurate, and general method of approximating the sample size requirement for obtaining a squared multiple correlation confidence interval with desired precision. We also present a simple method for approximating the sample size needed to estimate unstandardized regression coefficients with desired precision. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

锅炉安全评价

对锅炉危险、有害因素进行了分析,并对其危险性作了定性、定量评价,最后在分析评价的基础上,提出了相应的对策措施。     

一种现代化的安全管理方法──安全管理信息系统

安全管理信息系统是现代化安全管理中,安全信息综合处理的枢纽,是安全信息管理、安全决策的关键。通过建立以安技部门为信息处理中心、各危险岗位和各专业部门为终端的安全管理信息系统网络,从而由安全信息反馈来推进对隐患的不断检查、整改和监控,形成闭环管理,力求把安全管理从传统的事后追踪变为事前的预防控制,使安全管理工作逐步走向科学化、系统化和规范化,对提高目前安全管理水平具有实际意义。     

关于工业机器人的事故分析及其对策

工业机器人是高科技机电产品，在工业领域广泛应用，可以代替人们从事繁重的、危险性的工作，但由于工业机器人故障所造成的人身伤害事故也时有发生，从工业机器人的可靠性、工业机器人事故案例、能量类型分类等多角度对工业机器人事故进行了分析，从事故树分析法（FTA）、基本安全性原则、工业安全技术等几方面提出了相应的对策。     

焦油储存安全条件

焦化企业根据不同需求,将不同性质的煤混合在一起,在隔绝空气的条件下进行加热,得到焦炭的高温干馏过程即为炼焦。炼焦过程中生成的焦炉煤气经过净化、回收、精制等在得到产品如苯类(粗苯、甲苯、二甲苯等)、煤焦油、硫铵等的同时,也会产生中间产品硫化氢、氰化氢、氨水等。这些物质大多具有易燃、易爆、易中毒的特性,加之生产、检修、储存等过程中的高温、高压,甚至加氢等危险因素,引起了企业的高度重视。     

Safety parameters for oxygen-enriched flames

The utilization of low-quality gaseous fuel from biomass gasification and the abundance of oxygen-rich streams obtained as a by-product of nitrogen-air separation by membrane technology has incentivized the development of sustainable oxygen-enriched combustion technologies in the last decades. However, a dearth of experimental and numerical analysis addressing the reactivity and safety aspects of these mixtures at initial low temperatures can be observed in the current literature.In this work, the heat flux burner was adopted for the measurement of the laminar burning velocity of methane in oxygen enriched air at different equivalence ratios. Results were compared with numerical data obtained by means of detailed kinetic mechanisms developed at the University of Bologna and the Gas Research Institute (GriMech3.0). Simplified correlations for the estimation of the laminar burning velocity with respect to the oxygen content at any equivalence ratio were developed, tested and evaluated.An elemental reaction-based function was found appropriate for the estimation of the overall reactivity of the investigated mixtures. Besides, numerical analyses were performed to characterize the flame structures in terms of temperature and product distribution under several initial conditions. These results gave further insights into the reaction mechanisms of gaseous fuels in the case of oxygen-enriched air, highlighting potential bottlenecks for kinetic model refinements. Eventually, relevant safety parameters were estimated, in particular the flammability range of the fuel/oxidant mixture, in terms of lower and upper flammability limits.     

安全管理工作十大忌

1 安全管理十大忌 　　一忌报喜不报忧.一些部门明明在安全管理上存在各种各样的问题,可在向领导汇报工作时,专捡顺耳的话讲,讲优点多,谈缺点少;讲成绩多,讲问题少,使上级领导认为形势一片大好,使早该解决的问题得不到及时重视和解决,掩盖了矛盾与真相.……