BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this article: Individual On-site Wastewater Systems, Nina I. McClelland (Editor). Proceedings of the Fifth National Conference 1978. Ann Arbor Science, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 1979. 303 pages. $24.50. Modeling of Rivers, Hsieh Wen Shen (Editor). John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Somerset, New Jersey. 1977. $39.95. The Hudson River Basin: Environmental Problems and Institutional Response, Volume I, Kalpli W. Richardson, Jr. and Gilbert Tauber (Editors). Academic Press, New York, New York. 1070. $1’).SO. Fish and Invertebrate Culture, Water Management in Closed Systems (2nd ed.), Stephen Spotte. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Somerset, New Jersey. $1 3.95. Seepage, Drainage, and Flow Nets (2nd ed.), Harry R. Cedergren. Wdey-Interscience Publication, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Somerset, New Jersey. 1977. 534 pages. Water: Will There Be Enough?, compiled by Marian Smith; Robin Murphy (Editor), Water Foundation, Santa Barbara, California. 1979. 110 pages. $6.00 softbound, $12.95 clothbound. The NALCO Water Handbook, NALCO Chemical Company, Frank N. Kemmer and John McCallion (Editors). McGrawHill Book Co., New York, New York. 1979. 799 pages. 607 illustrations. $28.50. Porous Media, Fluid Transport, and Pore Structure, F. A. L. Dullien. Academic Press, New York, New York. 1979. $42.00. Project Data, Water and Power Resources Service, US. Department of the Interior. 1981. 1,461 pages. $21.00.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this article:
Satellite Hydrology, Morris Deutsch, Donald R. Wiesnet, and Albert Rango (Editors). American Water Resources Association, Minneapolis, Minnesota. 1981. 730 pages. $85.00.
Land Into Water - Water Into Land, Nelson M. Blake. University Presses of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. 1980. 344 pages. $19.95.
California Water Planning and Policy: Selected Issues, Ernest Engelbert (Editor). Water Resources Center, University of California. 1979. 252 pages. $5.00.
The Infrared Handbook, William Wolfe and George Zissis (Editors). IRIA Center of the Environmental Research Institute of Michigan.
Scientific, Technological and Institutional Aspects of Water Resource Policy, Yacov Y. Haimes (Editor). AAAS Selected Symposium 49. Westview Press, Washington, D.C. 1980. 128 pages.
Environmental Impact Analysis: A New Dimension in Decision Making (2nd ed.), R. K. Jain, L. V. Urban, and G. S. Stacey. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York. 1981. 393 pages. $27.50.
A Policy Approach to Political Representation: Lessons From the Four Comer States, Helen M. Ingram, Nancy K. Laney, and John McCain. A Resources for the Future Book. Johns Hopkins Press. 1981.
Water Quality in Catchment Ecosystems, A. M. Gower (Editor). John Wiley and Sons, Somerset, New Jersey. 1980. 335 pages. $50.00.
Seepage and Groundwater Flow, K. R. Rushton and S. C. Red-shaw. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chesire, England. 1979. 339 pages. $45.00.
Environmental Biology for Engineers - A Guide to Environmental Assessment, George Camougis. McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York, New York. 1981. 214 pages. $20.00.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
ESTUARINE WATER-QUALITY MANAGEMENT with moving element models and optimization techniques, J. P. O'Kane.
Hydrology and Quality of Water Resources, M. J. Hammer and K. A. MacKinchan.
Georges Bank: Past, Present, and Future of a Marine Environment, Guy C. McLeod and John H. Prescott (Editors).
Ground-Water Models, Studies and Reports in Hydrology, No. 34, Volume I - Concepts, Problems, and Methods of Analysis with Examples of Their Application, Prepared for the International Hydrological Programme by Working Group 8.1 by J. D. Bredehoeft
Bulking of Activated sludge – Preventative and Remedial Methods, Edited by B. Chambers and E. J. Tomlinson.
Acid Precipitation, Effects on Ecological Systems, Frank M. D'Itri.
Introduction to Ground Water Modeling, Finite Difference and Finite Element Methods, Herbert F. Wang and Mary P. Anderson.
Water Reuse, E. Joe Middlebrooks (Editor). Ann Arbor Science.
Erosion Control Measures on Appalachian Strip-Mines, Walter H. Davidson.
Energy in Wastewater Treatment, William F. Owen.
The Earth's Dynamic Systems (3rd Edition), W. Kenneth Hamblin.
Stream Water Quality in the Coal Region of Eastern Kentucky, Kenneth L Dyer.     

Environmental education research notes (USA)

Conclusion The Commission's efforts are currently in a second phase directed toward identification and additional of more research papers and higher levels of analysis. Funding support is provided from the operating budget of the National Association for Environmental Education. Persons interested in additional information concerning the activities of the NCEER may contact Professor Iozzi at The Institute for Science, Technology, and Social Science Education, Rutgers—The State University of New Jersey, Doolittle Hall, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. Copies ofResearch in Environmental Education 1971–1980 may be obtained from the publisher, SMEAC Information Reference Center, The Ohio State University, 1200 Chambers Road, Columbus, OH 43212 USA, for $15. also Associate Director, Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC) Clearinghouse for Science, Mathematics, and Environmental Education (SMEAC). In preparing these notes, use was made of abstracts printed inResearch in Environmental Education 1971–1980.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Destratification of Lakes and Reservoirs to Improve Water Quality, F. L. Burns and I. J. Powling (Editors). Australian
Government Publishing Service, Canberra. 1981. 9 15 pages.
Tropical Agricultural Hydrology, edited by R. La1 and F. W. Russell. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom. 1981. 482 pages.
Handbook of Nonpoint Pollution: Sources and Management, Vladimir Novotny and Gordon Chesters. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. 1981. 555 pages.
British Rivers, John Lewin. George Allen and Unwin Limited. 1981. 195 pages.
Standard Plumbing Engineering Design (2nd ed.), Louis S. Nielsen. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, New York. 1982. 418 pages.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Water Planning in Britain, Dennis J. Parker and Edmund C. Penning-Rowsell
Rural Water Planning, Frederic O. Sargent and Blaine P. Sargent.
Developments in Water Treatment-2, W. M. Lewis (Editor).
Stochastic Water Resources Technology, N. T. Kottegoda.
Fundamentals of Hydraulic Engineering Systems, Ned H. C. Hwang.
The Benefits of Flood Alleviation: A Manual of Assessment Techniques, Edmund C. Penning-Rowsell and John B. Chatterton.
Potable Water From Wastewater, edited by M. T. Gillies.
Drought in the Great Plains: Research on Impacts and Strategies, Proceedings of the Workshop on Research in Great Plains Drought Management Strategies held at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln, March 26–28, 1979, Norman J. Rosenberg (Editor).
Safety Evaluation of Existing Dams, U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation.     

Book reviews

Urban Europe: A Study of Growth and Decline. Vol. 1

L. van den Berg, R. Drewett, L. H. Klaassen, A. Rossi and C. H. T. Vijverberg

European Coordination Centre for Research and Documentation in Social Science, Vienna.

Pergamon Press, 1982, 162 pp. £18.00 Hardback.

Working Party on New Towns

"New Towns in National Development"

International Federation for Housing and Planning, 1980, 292 pages.

Plans and Diagrams. No price stated.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Water Supply and Health, H. van Lelyveld and B. C. J. Zoet-man (Editors).
Water Research Topics, Volume I, Isabel M. Lamont (Editor).
Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, Third Edition, Glenn O. Schwab, Richard K. Frevert, Talcott W. Edminster, and Kenneth K. Barnes.
Design Calculations in Wastewater Treatment, F. Wilson. E. & F. N. Spon
Stormwater Hydrology and Drainage, D.
Surface Water Impoundments, Volumes 1 and 11, H. C. Stefan (Editor).
The United States Energy Atlas, David J. Cuff and William J. Young.
Acid Rain Information Book, Frank A. Record, David V. Bu-benick, and Robert J. Kindya.
Transmission Line Design Manual, Holland H. Parr
Energy From Biological Processes: Technical and Environmental Analyses, Office of Technology Assessment.
The Performance of Austrian Pine Seed Sources on Various Sites in West Virginia and Pennsylvania, Roy N. Keys, Franklin C. Cech, and Walter H. Davidson.     

Book Reviews

Book revieved in this article:
Institutional Arrangements for Water Management: Canadian Experiences, Bruce Mitchell, Editor.
Polluted Groundwater, A Review of the Significant Literature, by David Keith Todd and Daniel E. Orren McNulty
A System Approach to Water Distribution Modeling and Control, by Robert De Moyer, Jr. and Lawrence B. Horwitz.
Sensitive Chaos: The Creation of Flowing Forms in Water and Air, by Theodor Schwenk. Preface by Commandant Jacques Y. Cousteau.
Industrial Wastewater Management Handbook, edited by Hardam S. Azad.
Isotope Techniques in Groundwater Hydrology, Proceedings of a Symposium
Village Water Supply: Economics and Poky in the Developing World, by Robert J. Saunders and Jeremy J. Warford.
Sources of Information in Water Resources, an annotated guide to printed materials by Gerald J . Giefer.     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Rural energy strategies: Energy For Rural Development In Zimbabwe edited by Richard Hosier
National energy planning Zimbabwe: Energy Planning For National Development: edited by Richard Hosier
Appropriate design: Design For Northern Climates : Cold-Climate Planning And Environmental Design:by Vladimir Matus
Indigenous resource: Natural Gas : Governments And Oil Companies In The Third World: by Ann Davison, Chris Hurst and Robert Mabro
A 'structural' matrix of income distribution : Natural Resource Policy And Income Distribution: by Adam Rose, Brandt Stevens and Gregg Davis
Chinese energy policy : China'S Energy And Mineral Industries: Current Perspectives:edited by James P. Dorian and David G. Findley
Material questions : Essential Raw Materials — The Threat Of Supply Disruptions:by Bernard Keeling
Desertification in West Africa : Desertification Control And Renewable Resource Management In The Sahelian And Sudanian Zones Of West Africa, edited by Francois Falloux and Aleki Murkundi     

Recreational benefits of residual open space: A case study of four communities in northeastern New Jersey

Numerous undeveloped and ecologically diverse tracts of land within urban communities in the United States are presently being utilized for a variety of unsupervised recreational activities. The present use and perceived value of residual open spaces adjacent to the Palisades to residents of four communities in northeastern New Jersey was assessed. The results of our survey suggest that parks and open space represent a city service that is not as highly valued as other more visible services, that respondents desire a diversity of recreational experiences, that existing parks and open space provide a narrow range of recreational benefits to users, that benefits of existing parks extend primarily to the provision of active pursuits, and that undeveloped residual open spaces are valued for and provide opportunities for a variety of passive pursuits.Residual open spaces are a resource that contributes towards meeting the aesthetic and recreational needs of city residents. Failure by planners and decision-makers to recognize the value and utility of such tracts of land may result in their destruction and in the loss of a resource which provides a range of recreational opportunities that is not adequately provided by formal parks and open spaces.Paper of the Journal Series, New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Cook College, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey.This work was performed as a part of NJAES Project No. 17501, Urban Forestry: Planning and Management of Residual Open Space, supported by the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station and by a grant from the Consortium for Environmental Forestry Studies sponsored by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeast Forest Experiment Station.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article:
Water Chlorination: Environmental Impact and Health Effects, R. L. Jolley, et al. (Editors).
Sewerage and Sewage Treatment, L. Escritt (Edited and Revised by W. D. Haworth)
Stabilisation, Disinfection and Odour Control in Sewage Sludge Treatment (An Annotated Bibliography Covering the Period 1950–1983), A. M. Bruce and E. S. Connor (Editors).
The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces, Jonathan I. Charney (Editor).
Principles of Water Quality, Thomas D. Waite.
A Modular Three-Dimensional Finite-Difference Groundwater Flow Model, Michael G. McDonald and Arlen W. Harbaugh.
Renewable Resources Management: Applications of Remote Sensing, P. A. Murtha and R. A. Harding (Editors).
Groundwater Transport: Handbook of Mathematical Models, J. Javendal, C. Doughty and C. F. Tsang.
Natural Resources and the Environment, Paul R. Portney (Editor).
Coping With Droughts, V. Yevjevich, L. da Cunha (Editor).
A Citizen's Guide to River Conservation, R. Diamant, J. G. Eugster and C. J. Duerksen.     

Environmental management in Greece and the challenge of sustainable development

Summary Environmental management is linked to decisions concerning sustainable development which peripheral countries would find quite challenging, given their development priorities and their demands for a restricted share in the burden of global environmental protection. This paper examines the Greek experience with the growing awareness of environmental problems in that country and in the light of current efforts to attain economic convergence with its northern European partners. The focus is on the analysis of the role of the political institutional system in sustainable development, embracing the government, the parliament and the political parties, the courts, and the local authorities. In addition, the role of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) is also summarized. The quest for sustainable development holds both positive and negative effects for Greece, and despite development priorities, there are some workable options available to follow a pathway of transition.graduate diplomas from the Institute of Business Management of the Graduate School of Economics and Commercial Sciences, Athens (Greece) and the School of Social Studies, University of East Anglia (UK), an MA in Economics from the University of Kent, Canterbury (UK), and a PhD in natural resources from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (USA). Dr. Lekakis served at the Centre of Planning and Economic Research (KEPE) in Athens for over 15 years, where he was in charge of the technical processing of Greece's five-year development plans in the area of environmental protection. He is currently on the faculty of the School of Social Sciences, University of Crete, Rethimno (Greece) where he teaches environmental and resource economics. His most recent research activity includes a just completed international water resource allocation project financed by the European Science Foundation (ESF), and an ongoing project on the institutional adjustment for sustainable development strategies in the European Union.     

Clean fuels from municipal solid waste for fuel cell buses in metropolitan areas

Increasing volumes of municipal solid waste (MSW) pose disposal problems for many cities. Costs are rising as landfilling becomes more difficult. The production of clean transportation fuels (methanol or hydrogen) from MSW is one economically and environmentally promising option for dealing with these problems. An attractive feature is that elimination of essentially all air pollutant emissions is inherent in the process. Current and future air emissions standards should be easily met. Methanol or hydrogen used in fuel cell vehicles (FCV) can help address problems of deteriorating urban air quality due to vehicle pollution and heavy dependence of the transport sector on imported petroleum. Buses are initial targets for commercial application of fuel cells. Coupled with FCVs, MSW could become a major transportation energy resource. For example, less than 25% of New York City's MSW supply would be sufficient to produce the methanol or hydrogen needed to fuel the entire city's bus fleet, if the buses were fuel cell powered. Estimated breakeven tipping fees required for hydrogen or methanol from MSW to compete with the cost of these fuels made from natural gas today are $52 to $89/raw tonne MSW for hydrogen and $64 to $104/raw tonne MSW for methanol (in 1991$), depending on the gasification technology considered. For comparison, the average tipping fee today in New York City is $74/tonne (1991$). Because of the high fuel economies expected for fuel cell buses, total lifecycle costs per bus-km could be lower than for conventional diesel-engine buses.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article
Oceanography Information Sources/1970, Richard C. Vetter (compiler).
Population, Resources, Environment: Issues in Human Ecology, by Paul R. Ehrlich and Anne H. Ehrlich.
Computers for Engineers, by Bartow Hodge.
Dictionary on Water and Sewage Engineering (German, English, French, and Italian), by Fritz Meinck and Helmut Mohle. R. Oldenbourg Vellag, Munich, W. Germany.
Drifting, by Stephen Jones. The MacMillan Company, New York, N.Y.
Elsevier's Dictionary of Hydrogeology, by Hans-Olaf Pfannkuch.
Environmental Design, by Richard P. Dober. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, N.Y.     

Questions and Answers. From waste to improved production?

Please send me your comments and questions on TQEM. Address it to me: TQEM Questions & Answers Editor, 22 West 21st Street, New York, NY 10010. I will credit you with the question and send out an extra copy of TQEM. My thanks to James, Jack, and Sheila for sharing in the quality revolution this issue.     

BOOKS REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article
Human Dimensions of Weather Modification by W. R. Derrick Swell
Perception of the Drought Hazard on the Great Plains by Thomas F. Saarinen
Plant Environment and Efficient Water Use edited by W. H. Pierre
Scientific Problems of the Humid Tropical Zone Deltas and Their Implications: Proceedings of the Dacca Symposium; jointly organized by the Government of Pakistan and UNESCO, 1964
Statistical Methods in Hydrology , Proceedings of Hydrology Symposium held at McGill University, 1966
Isotopes in Hydrology , Proceedings of the Symposium held by the International Atomic Energy Agency and International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, Vienna, 14-18 November 1966
The Fresh Water of New York State: Its Conservation and Use , Proceedings of Symposium held in Buffalo, New York in 1966; 255 pages
The Technology of Fish Utilization edited by Rudolf Kreuzer
Water and Wastewater Engineering, Vol. 2: Water Purification and Wastewater Treatment and Disposal by G. M. Fair, J. C. Geyer and D. A. Okun
Detergentien und Öle im Wasser und Abwasser (Detergents and Oils in Water and Sewage), Hans Liebmann     

Beneficial use of dredged material for habitat creation, enhancement, and restoration in New York-New Jersey Harbor

A comprehensive Dredged Material Management Plan (DMMP) has been developed by the US Army Corps of Engineers, New York District (USACE-NYD) and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANY/NJ). The primary objective of the DMMP is to identify cost-effective and environmentally acceptable alternatives for the placement of dredged material derived from ongoing and proposed navigation improvements within the PANY/NJ. A significant portion of this dredged material is classified as unsuitable for open-ocean disposal. One suite of alternatives presented within the DMMP is the beneficial use of dredged material for habitat creation, enhancement, and restoration within the NY/NJ Harbor Estuary. Proposed beneficial use/habitat development projects include the use of dredged material for construction of artificial reefs, oyster reef restoration, intertidal wetland and mudflat creation, bathymetric recontouring, filling dead-end canals/basins, creation of bird/wildlife islands, and landfill/brownfields reclamation. Preliminary screening of the proposed beneficial use alternatives identified advantages, disadvantages, potential volumes, and estimated costs associated with each project type. Continued study of the proposed beneficial use alternatives has identified areas of environmental research or technology development where further investigation is warranted.     

REAPPRAISAL OF WATER SUPPLY RESOURCES IN DELAWARE RIVER BASIN USING SYNTHETIC HYDROLOGY1

ABSTRACT The 60's drought (1961 1966) which hit the Northeastern United States, had its center over the Delaware River Basin and caused water supply shortages to New York City, Philadelphia, and many other towns and industries in the Basin. Until this event occurred, the existing water supply sources and those planned for the future had been considered adequate, as they were designed for the worst drought of record (usually the 1930-31 drought). In view of this “change in hydrology,” the Delaware River Basin Commission authorized a study (DRBC Resolution 67-4) to re-evaluate the adequacy of existing and planned water supply sources of the Delaware River Basin and its Service Area (New York City and northern New Jersey). Synthetic hydrology is a tool which can be used to overcome many of the limitations of the traditional approach. By analyzing generated streamflow traces in this study, it has been determined that there is a definite relationship between the accumulated rainfall deficiency during the drought and the return periods associated with various durations of runoff in the drought. This indicated that generated traces can be used to standardize the hydrology over an area where the intensity of drought varied. This represented an important facet in the study, because it provided a means to equalize the effects of this drought over the study area, and gave the Delaware River Basin Commission more information so that it could better plan and manage its water resources equitably, not only for the people within the Basin, but for the New York City and northern New Jersey areas as well. Synthetic hydrology was used to determine yield-probability relationships for 50-year periods, and storage-yield-frequency relationships for existing and planned water-supply reservoirs. It was also used to determine yield-probability relationships for reservoir systems within the Basin. In the study, it was determined that monthly streamflow traces and uniform draft rates could be used in yield analysis because of the magnitude of the reservoirs and because seasonal variations of draft rate are small in the study area. Although it was found that with the streamflow generating models (first order Markov) in common use today, it is not possible to definitely determine the actual frequency of a very severe historic drought, it is possible to place a drought in perspective by using synthetic hydrology. The study showed that it is a useful tool in determining water availability over a basin and is useful in studying water management problems such as interbasin transfers, and reservoir systems operations.     

Migration and control of purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria L.) along highway corridors

The east-west density gradient and the pattern and mode of migration of the wetland exotic, purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria L.), were assessed in a survey of populations along the New York State Thruway from Albany to Buffalo to determine if the highway corridor contributed to the spread of this species. During the peak flowering season of late July to early August, individual colonies of purple loosestrife were identified and categorized into three size classes in parallel belt transects consisting of the median strip and highway rights-of-way on the north and south sides of the road. Data were also collected on the presence of colonies adjacent to the corridor and on highway drainage patterns. Although a distinct east-west density gradient existed in the corridor, it corresponded to the gradient on adjacent lands and was greatly influenced by a major infestation at Montezuma National Wildlife Refuge. The disturbed highway corridor served as a migration route for purple loosestrife, but topographic features dictated that this migration was a short-distance rather than long-distance process. Ditch and culvert drainage patterns increased the ability of purple loosestrife to migrate to new wetland sites. Management strategies proposed to reduce the spread of this wetland threat include minimizing disturbance, pulling by hand, spraying with glyphosate, disking, and mowing.Contribution 719 of the National Fisheries Research Center-Great Lakes, US Fish and Wildlife Service, 1451 Green Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, USA.