试论商业性污染现状与防治对策

针对城市商业性污染的现状，分析污染存在的主要问题，提出加强商业性环境污染的管理对策。     

商业污染环境管理初探

随着我国改革开放的不断深化,国民经济发展迅速,人民生活水平逐年提高。人们对各种生活用品和服务行业的需求也在迅速增长,各类物品的更新换代周期也在加快．商品流通十分活跃,商业服务网点星罗棋布,这既方便了人民生活,又促进了经济的发展。然而,商业服务的日益发展,不可避免地会在商品的生产、销售、消费和服务过程中产生大量的污染物,影响周围环境,危害人体健康．造成商业性的环境污染。本文分析商业污染的产生及其影响和危害·针对商业污染的环境管理现状．提出一些对策建议·旨在探讨如何更好地对商业污染进行环境管理,使其…     

沈阳市地表水环境承载力及水污染特征分析

根据2021年沈阳市78个地表水断面（点位）水质的监测结果,计算出2021年沈阳市水质时间达标率为85.6%,水质空间达标率为89.7%,水环境承载力指数为87.7%,为临界超载状态。通过对沈阳市监测断面超标情况进行分析,指出沈阳市地表水污染特征和污染原因,并提出对策和建议。     

室内空气污染及其防治对策研究

从房屋建筑、居室功能以及人类活动为出发点,详述了室内空气污染物的主要来源,分析了几种主要污染物对人体健康的影响;提出了室内环境空气污染防治对策,最后对减少室内空气污染提出了几点建议,并对将来室内空气污染的治理进行了展望.     

浅谈游船污染及其防治对策

介绍了游船污染的特点及其污染现状,提出了防治游船污染存在的主要问题,并阐述了游船污染防治的具体措施。     

论地膜污染与防治对策

随着地膜覆盖栽培年限的延长，由于残膜回收率低，土壤中残膜量逐步增加，造成地膜污染。通过分析地膜污染对环境和农作物产生的危害，对回收残膜存在的问题，总结出了防治地膜污染的对策与措施。     

苏北某市养猪场污染现状及防治对策

文章对苏北某县级市养猪业作了简要的工程分析,指出了该市现有养猪场存在的环境问题,推荐了国内较为成熟的五种畜禽养殖废弃物处理的基本技术模式,分别从宏观与微观、技术与政策的视角提出了县级市农村畜禽养殖污染综合防治的对策与建议。     

大气二氧化硫污染趋势及其防治对策

乌市大气 SO_2年日均值为0.207mg/m~3,超过国家二级标准39%,冬季含量是国标的2.47倍。SO_2巳上升为冬季大气的主要污染物。乌鲁木齐市年耗煤量510万吨,全年通过燃煤排放的 SO_2达7万吨以上,占全市 SO_2总排放量的80%以上,燃煤排放是 SO 主要的排放源。冬季燃煤排放 SO_24.6万吨,占全市排放量的65%以上。因此从现在开始着眼于乌市大气 SO_2的防治是改善乌市大气环境质量的战略措施。治理的途径一是改变燃料结构,大量推广使用无烟煤型煤,二是在防止二次污染,提高水的重复利用率前提下因地制宜地推广湿式除烟尘、除硫技术。     

成都市景观水体污染防治问题探讨

随着城市建设的快速发展,越来越多的城市景观水体美化了城市,同时也改善了城市居民的居住环境,然而城市景观水体易受污染的问题也较为突出.在各种现有城市景观水体污染治理技术的基础上,提出了适宜成都市景观水体污染防治的几种策略.     

基于SSM的沈阳经济区产业结构分析

随着沈阳经济区上升为国家战略,经济区内的产业结构正在积极进行调整。以辽宁省为参照系,运用偏离—份额分析模型(SSM)对沈阳经济区内8个城市2000—2009年的三次产业结构进行分析,在研究沈阳经济区发展现状的基础上,为其未来发展方向以及产业结构调整提供理论依据。     

Farmers' involvement in landscape activities: an analysis of the relationship between farm location, farm characteristics and landscape changes in two study areas in Jutland, Denmark

Farmers are important agents in rural landscape management as they modify landscape elements to suit their needs. The purpose of this study is to investigate if patterns of landscape activities undertaken by farmers are related to certain farm characteristics and if landscape activities vary from one location to another. With this purpose, we investigated the differences between the level of farmers' involvement in landscape activities in two study areas in central Jutland, Denmark. Particular attention was given to the analysis of the type and extent of landscape activities and their relationship with farm characteristics. In both study areas, landscape activities leading to a more extensive type of land use predominate. However, a multivariate analysis implemented on the set of landscape activity data reveals significant differences between the two study areas. Hedgerow planting and removal is more common in S?nder Omme, while pond digging and cultivation of permanent grass lands are characteristic activities in Gadbjerg-Givskud. Moreover, the proportion of farmers involved and the area affected by different landscape activities is larger in S?nder Omme than in Gadbjerg-Givskud. The farms of the two areas are different in terms of production type, size and socio-economic characteristics. These characteristics represent significant relationships with landscape activities. However, they are not sufficient to explain the differences between landscape activities undertaken in the two areas. The differences are caused by unique cultural and biophysical environment, which influence and modify the relationship between farm characteristics and landscape activities in a distinct manner for each study area.     

等离子体技术在环境污染治理中的应用研究

阐述了等离子体的产生机理、方法、分类及特点,从大气污染、水污染和固体废物三方面论述了等离子体技术在环境污染治理中的应用进展,展现了等离子体技术在废物处理中的应用前景。     

丽江古城水环境现状与调控对策研究

水环境是丽江世界文化遗产地生态地质环境的重要组成部分。由于丽江城市化进程加快，对水环境保护不力，导致古城水污染加剧、水资源量衰减、景观生态用水不足和景观水质下降。通过强化水环境研究，加强水环境立法，进行水生态环境综合治理；实施以调剂古城周边地下泉水为主，拉市海调水为辅的丽江古城景观调水方案，可保护丽江古城水环境，为丽江古城世界文化遗产地的可持续发展提供保证。     

Relating landscape characteristics to non-point source pollution in mine waste-located watersheds using geospatial techniques

Landscape characteristics of a watershed are important variables that influence surface water quality. Understanding the relationship between these variables and surface water quality is critical in predicting pollution potential and developing watershed management practices to eliminate or reduce pollution risk. To understand the impacts of landscape characteristics on water quality in mine waste-located watersheds, we conducted a case study in the Tri-State Mining District which is located in the conjunction of three states (Missouri, Kansas and Oklahoma). Severe heavy metal pollution exists in that area resulting from historical mining activities. We characterized land use/land cover over the last three decades by classifying historical multi-temporal Landsat imagery. Landscape metrics such as proportion, edge density and contagion were calculated based on the classified imagery. In-stream water quality data over three decades were collected, including lead, zinc, iron, cadmium, aluminum and conductivity which were used as key water quality indicators. Statistical analyses were performed to quantify the relationship between landscape metrics and surface water quality. Results showed that landscape characteristics in mine waste-located watersheds could account for as much as 77% of the variation of water quality indicators. A single landscape metric alone, such as proportion of mine waste area, could be used to predict surface water quality; but its predicting power is limited, usually accounting for less than 60% of the variance of water quality indicators.     

Coefficients of pollution: Interindustry linkage and pollution in Belgium

The paper briefly develops an approach toward using pollution coefficients from one country as an expedience for applying an environmental economic analysis to a separate, but similar country for which hard data may not be available.The Coefficients are defined based upon information available from the Netherlands and the United States in combination with input-output data available for Belgium. A combination of the various data results in a crude estimate of the direct and indirect pollution generation per unit activity in different sectors on a country-wide basis.     

浅析攀枝花市酸雨污染特征及成因

利用1996年至2000年大气降水监测数据,对攀枝花市酸雨污染特征及成因进行了分析。结果表明：攀枝花市大气降水酸化除受本地污染源影响外,还受地理环境、气候以及碱性物质等因素的影响。     

Coercive versus cooperative pollution control: Comparative study of state programs to reduce erosion and sedimentation pollution in urban areas

This article examines coercive and cooperative approaches to implementing state urban erosion and sedimentation pollution control programs. State administrators report serious shortfalls in their ability to control sources of pollution, but comparison of more and less successful programs provides evidence of what states can do to make programs more effective. Key ingredients for a successful state effort include the use of coercion with both the private sector and local government, adequate staffing, application of severe sanctions when violations of state standards are detected, and provision of technical assistance. Many state programs lack one or more of those elements, which explains their inability to adequately control urban erosion and sedimentation pollution.     

番禺区乡镇水环境污染特点与防治污染对策

本文阐述并分析了番禺区的水环境污染现状与特点,提出了番禺区水环境污染防治对策.