Reflecting on stakeholders’ perceptions in an Ecological Risk Assessment workshop: Lessons for practitioners

A new form of Ecological Risk Assessment aims to improve environmental decision-making through strong stakeholder engagement, often in workshop situations. This wider focus increases interaction between workshop practitioners and stakeholders for reflecting on, and learning from, each others perceptions. In this article, we analyse and discuss a one day workshop that was concerned with trialling this method of deriving an Ecological Risk Assessment. We found that stakeholders had issues with some elements of the workshop process. The decision problem was formulated prior to the workshop and without consultation among all the stakeholders. Consequently, the original decision problem was rejected for a mutually derived broader focus and this resulted in a loss of clarity and purpose. Stakeholders did not wholly concur with the prioritising of ecological values over social and economic values and some stakeholders objected to defining assessment endpoints, because it implies a reductionist approach that doesn’t capture significance and understanding of systems. Ecological Risk Assessment workshops are complex and require significant practitioner and stakeholder development to provide useful and mutually derived outcomes.     

“Food Metaphors and Ethics: Towards More Attention for Bodily Experience”

Official Dutch food information apparently tries to avoid images but is implicitly shaped by the metaphor that food is fuel. The image of food as fuel and its accompanying view of the body as a machine are not maximally helpful for integrating two important human desires: health and pleasure. At the basis of the split between health and pleasure is the traditional mind–body dichotomy, in which the body is an important source of evil and bodily pleasure is sinful and dangerous. In the search for alternatives, new metaphors are proposed that integrate mind and body as well as pleasure and health. The relevance of metaphors for ethics is at least twofold. (1) Moral thought and theory are at least partly shaped by metaphors. In the light of this growing recognition, the analysis of morality needs innovation. (2) With regard to food, new metaphors, such as slow food, or the image of enjoyment as an art, enable a new search for morally responsible forms of hedonism, based on more love and respect for human as well as animal bodies. But new metaphors are specific and selective, just like old ones. I argue that a search for the best overall metaphor would be misguided, but that more diverse forms of attention to bodily aspects of life, including experiences related to food, will result in richer vocabularies of the body, the mind, and body–mind relations. This holds a promise of moral progress.     

降低城市污水处理工程造价的实践与研究

本文结合黄石市磁湖污水截流—期工程建设实践，分析了影响城市污水处理工程造价的各种因素，并从建设单位角度，重点介绍了降低城市污水处理工程造价的具体措施和办法。     

小流域生态经济的实践与探索

我国的小流域治理工作已经开展了几十年,在治理水土流失方面取得了一定的成效。如何巩固已取得的成绩,实现小流域的可持续发展引起了广泛关注。本文通过阐述生态经济的概念,指出小流域生态经济系统存在的问题,并结合小流域的特点探讨了在小流域建设生态经济的途径。     

振动冲击试验夹具设计技术研究与实践

阐述了夹具在振动冲击试验中的重要作用和振动冲击试验对夹具使用的材料、尺寸、重量、力学特性、加工制造、安装和连接等要求,介绍了夹具设计的具体过程和测量分析技术,包括确定夹具设计目标参数、搜集相关信息、具体设计步骤和对所设计制造的夹具的传递特性等进行测量和分析的方法。     

湿热试验设备改造实践研究

湿热试验箱的正常工作的首要条件就是稳定的供水。当前使用的湿热试验箱,由于加湿用水直接采自于市政用水,锅炉水垢一直是影响温湿度试验设备正常运行的一大难题。在日常工作中,为了排除锅炉水垢,尝试了各种办法,实践中发现离子交换方法最为方便,因此通过改造现有试验箱水路结构,以压力引流方式,加入水处理装置,通过水路管道和开关引导加湿用水经过p H调节、过滤、防护、检测仪表、加压等装置,最终进入湿热试验箱锅炉内部,提高进入锅炉的水质,有效解决锅炉水垢的问题。     

用固相萃取-HPLC法测定水质中杀菌剂多菌灵的方法研究

用固相萃取法萃取水和废水中的多菌灵,取浓缩纯化后的有机相直接进样到高效液相色谱仪,用二极管矩阵检测器检测,根据保留时间外标法定量.     

行政管理部门建立和实施环境管理体系的探讨

本文论述了企业与行政管理部门建立和实施ISO14001环境管理体系的异同点,着重探讨了行政管理部门建立环境管理体系的过程、特点和意义,为我国的环境管理工作提供新的思路和方法。     

Scoring the Importance of Tropical Forest Landscapes with Local People: Patterns and Insights

Good natural resource management is scarce in many remote tropical regions. Improved management requires better local consultation, but accessing and understanding the preferences and concerns of stakeholders can be difficult. Scoring, where items are numerically rated in relation to each other, is simple and seems applicable even in situations where capacity and funds are limited, but managers rarely use such methods. Here we investigate scoring with seven indigenous communities threatened by forest loss in Kalimantan, Indonesia. We aimed to clarify the forest’s multifaceted importance, using replication, cross-check exercises, and interviews. Results are sometimes surprising, but generally explained by additional investigation that sometimes provides new insights. The consistency of scoring results increases in line with community literacy and wealth. Various benefits and pitfalls are identified and examined. Aside from revealing and clarifying local preferences, scoring has unexplored potential as a quantitative technique. Scoring is an underappreciated management tool with wide potential.     

危险废物焚烧飞灰固化处理技术应用探讨

危险废物焚烧处理过程产生的飞灰中含有重金属、二英等有害成分,必须进行处理。目前工程中常用的飞灰固化处理技术主要包括水泥固化、石灰固化、塑性材料固化、玻璃固化等。水泥固化是所有固化技术中应用最多的,但在工程应用中也存在自动化水平不高、成本高、占地面积大、对环境有潜在威胁等问题,需进一步克服。     

初中环境案例教学的实践和研究

环境案例教学是通过对一个具体的环境教学情境的描述,引导学生对案例进行观察、调查、分析、讨论、实践、思考和归纳的一种开放式教学方法。这种方法,不仅有教会学生“知识”的方法,还包括教会学生“学习”的方法,从而培养创新意识和实践能力,是教法和学法的有机整合。环境案例教学的具体做法选编环境案例：这是实施环境案例教学的基础和前提。选编环境案例,一是学习环境案例的编写知识;二是根据学生的实际、适应时代的发展需要和《环境教育》（苏教版）教材;三是在正确的原则指导下,符合环境客观实际,精选案例。环境案例的类型：…     

环境科研监测单位财会工作实践及若干问题的探讨

本文阐述了环境科研、监测单位财务会计工作的特点和运动规律，以及奖金运用、管理、核算、效益、评价等，特别是在改革开放的新型势下，财务工作中遇到的新问题及解决的办法。     

主题旅游活动项目策划研究--以峨眉山"2004年百姓生活游"旅游活动项目策划为例

自1992年以来，我国国家旅游局每年推出一个专项旅游产品作为对外宣传口号。为配合此项活动的开展，各地纷纷组织了相应的主题旅游活动。通过主题旅游活动的开展，能够有效地整合区域旅游资源、提升旅游目的地形象、丰富旅游目的地产品类型、促进旅游基础设施和服务设施建设、弘扬当地传统文化。通过对峨眉山“2004年百姓生活游”主题旅游活动项目策划的研究，对主题旅游活动项目策划的理论与方法进行了初步探讨。     

Model for Prioritizing Best Management Practice Implementation: Sediment Load Reduction

Understanding the best way to allocate limited resources is a constant challenge for water quality improvement efforts. The synoptic approach is a tool for geographic prioritization of these efforts. It uses a benefit-cost framework to calculate indices for functional criteria in subunits (watersheds, counties) of a region and then rank the subunits. The synoptic approach was specifically designed to incorporate best professional judgment in cases where information and resources are limited. To date, the synoptic approach has been applied primarily to local or regional wetland restoration prioritization projects. The goal of this work was to develop a synoptic model for prioritizing watersheds within which suites of agricultural best management practices (BMPs) can be implemented to reduce sediment load at the watershed outlets. The model ranks candidate watersheds within an ecoregion or river basin so that BMP implementation within the highest ranked watersheds will result in the most sediment load reduction per conservation dollar invested. The model can be applied anywhere and at many scales provided that the selected suite of BMPs is appropriate for the evaluation area’s biophysical and climatic conditions. The model was specifically developed as a tool for prioritizing BMP implementation efforts in ecoregions containing watersheds associated with the USDA-NRCS conservation effects assessment project (CEAP). This paper presents the testing of the model in the little river experimental watershed (LREW) which is located near Tifton, Georgia, USA and is the CEAP watershed representing the southeastern coastal plain. The application of the model to the LREW demonstrated that the model represents the physical drivers of erosion and sediment loading well. The application also showed that the model is quite responsive to social and economic drivers and is, therefore, best applied at a scale large enough to ensure differences in social and economic drivers across the candidate watersheds. The prioritization model will be used for planning purposes. Its results are visualized as maps which enable resource managers to identify watersheds within which BMP implementation would result in the most water quality improvement per conservation dollar invested.     

Policy And Practice Options for Managing Protected Areas: Lessons from International Experience

There is now a wealth of international experience and lessons about options for managing environmentallysensitive zones. This paper1 provides a brief guide to two sets of options, regulatory instruments and incentive measures, that are commonly used to manage special areas. Managementapproachesthat combine both sets of tools are then reviewed, including integrated coastal zone management, municipal-level programmes and efforts to promote sustainable local development such as eco-tourism. The paper concludes that, regardless of which approach is applied to a protected area, the key threats to an area's sustainability must be identified and addressed. Examples and case studies of both good and poor practice are included to illustrate the use of different options. In order to sustain our global environment and improve the quality of living in our human settlements, we commit ourselves to sustainable patterns of production, consumption, transportation and settlement development, pollution prevention, respect for the carrying capacity of eco-systems, and the preservation of opportunities for future generations. (Istanbul Declaration on Human Settlements, June 1996)     

程序化征收排污费的研究与实践

本文论述了征收排污费必须转变观念，在一些单位柜台收费报导的启发下，本文提出了征收排污费的征收程序，主要包括通知程序的处罚程序两大部分。将程序以法律文本形式固定后，通知各排污单位。实行收费程序化以后，对新增单位收费成功率达到９０％以上，取得了较好的效果。     

浅议TL湍流式烟气脱硫除尘器的研制与实践应用

TL湍流式烟气脱硫除尘器是利用三相紊流、气动乳化过滤技术对锅炉烟尘进行脱硫除尘,效果显著,且设备结构简单,用水量适中,不易产生二次污染,使用经济。     

炼钢厂连铸浊环水节能减排的研究与实践

就攀钢提钒炼钢厂浊环水循环过程中水量不断增加而导致水量富余外排的情况进行分析,提出了现有工艺状况下的解决思路并付诸实践,改造后将富余浊环水处理后作为净环补水。不仅可达标排放,还大幅降低了生产新水补水量,实现了节能减排的要求。