共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
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Dey Jaydip Vijay Ritesh 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(31):41612-41626
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Evaluation of water quality is a priority work nowadays. In order to monitor and map, the water quality for a wide range on different scales (spatial,... 相似文献
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Diem JE 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2003,125(3):369-383
Following the establishment of point measurements of ground-level ozone concentrations have been attempts by many researchers to develop ozone surfaces. This paper offers a critique of ozone-mapping endeavors, while also empirically exploring the operational scale of ground-level ozone. The following issues are discussed: aspects of spatial scale; the spatial complexity of ground-level ozone concentrations; and the problems of previous attempts at ozone mapping. Most ozone-mapping studies are beset with at least one of the following core problems: spatial-scale violations; an improper evaluation of surfaces; inaccurate surfaces; and the inappropriate use of surfaces in certain analyses. The major recommendations to researchers are to acknowledge spatial scale (especially operational scale), understand the prerequisites of surface-generating techniques, and to evaluate the resultant ozone surface properly. 相似文献
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Sakai M 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2001,36(1):67-74
Chronic toxicity tests with Daphnia magna were applied for examination of river water quality. Water was sampled from the Maioka River in Yokohama City on May 14, 20, and 27, 1999, and used for the test after solid-phase extraction. The chronic test was carried out according to the OECD method. The duration was 21 days and the total number of live offspring produced per parent animal was counted. The results of the tests showed, survival rates of 100% using river water sampled on May 14 and 20 and the total numbers of live offspring produced per parent animal did not differ from the control. However, the survival rate of the sample collected on May 27 was 0% and the pesticides, fenitrothion, and thiobencarb were detected in the water. In addition to the river water samples, reconstituted water (Elendt M7) with additions of fenitrothion and thiobencarb was prepared to investigate mortality. When the reconstituted water with thiobencarb was applied to the test, the total number of live offspring produced per parent animal did not differ from the control. In contrast, when reconstituted water with fenitrothion was applied to the test, most parents were alive, but the total number of live offspring produced per parent animal was apparently different. The results of the above tests indicate that D. magna was affected not only by fenitrothion in the river water collected on May 27, but also by other factors that were not clarified in this study. 相似文献
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Youn-Joo An Jin Kwak II Sun-Hwa Nam Myung Sook Jung 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(1):77-85
Current water quality standards for the protection of human health in Korea include 17 substances found in rivers and streams. Due to increasing concern over the release of hazardous chemicals into the aquatic environment, there has been a demand for additional water quality standards. Therefore, the Korean Ministry of the Environment plans to gradually increase the number of water quality standards to 30 substances, including 22 substances for protection of human health and 8 substances for protection of aquatic ecosystems by 2015. In this study, new water quality standards for protection of human health were established for 1,4-dioxane, formaldehyde, and hexachlorobenzene. We selected candidate hazardous chemicals, conducted a human health risk assessment to determine priority chemicals, established water quality standards based on technical analyses and comparison with domestic and developed countries’ water quality standards, and conducted an expert review. Water quality standards for protection of aquatic ecosystems will be derived in the near future. This study describes how the water quality standards for protection of human health were developed and implemented. Current status, recent expansion, and future plans for water quality standards in Korea are also covered. 相似文献
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James P. Meador Michael St. J. Warne Peter M. Chapman King Ming Chan Shen Yu Kenneth M. Y. Leung 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(1):28-32
Although the use of tissue concentrations (residues) of chemical contaminants as the dose metric to characterize chemical toxicity to aquatic organisms has been gaining acceptance over the past 20 years, tissue concentrations are less commonly used in water quality management and have yet to be formally adopted as benchmarks or environmental quality standards (EQS). This synthesis paper addresses advantages and disadvantages for the development and application of tissue-based EQS as an alternative and supplement to exposure-based EQS determined with water and sediment concentration data. Tissue-based EQS can be readily developed in parallel with conventional toxicity tests, and achieved by quantification of chemical concentrations in tissue alongside traditional concentration-response toxicity testing. Tissue-residue toxicity metrics can be used as benchmarks for screening and monitoring water and sediment quality, to derive equivalent water or sediment EQS, and for ecological risk assessments and weight of evidence approaches for assessing ecosystem impairment. Tissue-based toxicity metrics and associated EQS provide several advantages; however, there are some limitations to consider and key knowledge gaps to fill. 相似文献
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河流水环境中的非突发性水质风险模型研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
把影响水质模型的随机因素看成一个具有零均值的维纳过程,建立一个研究非突发性水质风险的随机微分动态模型,并对该维纳过程强度进行了估值。研究表明,水环境中的随机因素是引起非突发性风险的一个重要原因。 相似文献
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Air quality standards for fluoride vegetation effects 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A C Hill 《Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association》1969,19(5):331-336
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《国际环境与污染杂志》2011,22(5):531-546
Water quality in terms of nutrient concentrations, turbidity, suspended solids, and chlorophyll a, was studied during 2000–2001 at a total of 27 beaches in the Kihei and West Maui–Lahaina districts of Maui, Hawaiian Islands. Nitrate concentrations varied widely and averaged as much as 15–20 μM at some beaches. Most turbidities fell in the range 1–10 nephelometric turbidity units. Resuspension of bottom sediments on shallow reef flats appeared to be a cause of some of the highest turbidity. Onshore-offshore transect studies showed that turbidity and concentrations of nitrate and chlorophyll a declined dramatically with distance from the shoreline. The dramatic gradients in water quality within the first 100 m from the shoreline and the fact that some violations of water quality criteria within that zone appear to be the result of natural phenomena, underscore the difficulty of assessing the quality of coastal waters based on traditional parameters. 相似文献
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Thomas C. Curran William F. Hunt Jr. 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(7):711-714
San Diego Gas &; Electric has developed a quality assurance program for continuous emission monitors (CEM). Extractive, rather than in situ, monitors were selected as a result of an in-house evaluation program. Two extractive systems have been certified and a good operating and maintenance record has been established on these systems. A successful program requires the involvement and support of all affected personnel. It is desirable to have one or two key personnel coordinate the development of the program. It is also highly desirable to have good in-house source testing capabilities. 相似文献