The United nations and disaster relief in the sahel, 1973-75

This research is part of an extensive study entitled 'International Disaster Response: The Sahelian Experience', which was made possible by a grant number 1711–520147 of the U.S. Agency for International Development and the U.S. Department of State. The opinions expressed are solely the responsibility of the researcher and do not necessarily represent the views of the organizations studied or the sponsoring institutions.     

Towards the evaluation of natural resource management projects in the sahel

Recent drought in the Sahel has focussed attention on the important role played by natural resources in the rural economy and, together with the increasing environmental awareness of donors, has spawned a series of field projects aimed at improving the management of existing natural resources. This paper is a working document; a contribution to the discussion of how to evaluate the success or failure of natural resource management projects and of whether important components of successful projects can be replicated elsewhere.     

基于系统动力学的台风减灾决策研究

台风破坏性巨大,易与暴雨、洪涝、风暴潮灾害发生碰头现象,严重威胁沿海地区人民的生命和财产安全.因此,台风减灾决策研究对于保护人民生命财产安全至关重要.该文基于系统动力学和多灾种灾害建立防灾减灾模型,包括物资人员调度子块、信息传递子块、灾害系统子块.以海南省海口市台风灾情及政府防灾减灾工作为例进行数值模拟,仿真结果表明:...     

防灾公园的减灾功能

地震灾害避难疏散的经验与教训表明 ,城市公园是重要的避难场所 ;防灾公园是减灾功能特别强的城市公园 ;城市公园改造成防灾公园或规划建设新的防灾公园可以提高城市公园的综合防灾减灾功能。发生城市突发事件时 ,防灾公园可以用作紧急避难所、灾害对策据点。防灾公园具有供居民避难以及确保避难人员基本生活条件的功能、防灾减灾功能、情报收集与传递功能、医疗与救护功能、运输基地功能等。强化防灾公园减灾功能的主要措施是广泛采用高新科学技术 ,并对防灾公园系统实施综合性的科学管理     

广东省台风灾害特点及减灾对策

根据《台风年鉴》等台风资料,分析了广东省台风灾害的特点,讨论了台风灾害对广东省经济,社会及生态环境的影响,并针对广东省台风灾害的特点提出了减轻台风灾害的对策。     

Drought and famine relief in Ethiopia

This item was filed by an independent observer in March 1983. The overall context given of the relief operation remained valid up to at least the mid-year point, with one well-publicised exception. Late in April, the town of Korem, in northern Wollo region, was seized for several days by the Tigray People's Liberation Front. The famine relief operation was completely disrupted, and the shelter population dispersed. The official relief programme resumed slowly after some 6 to 7 weeks; of the relief workers captured by the TPLF, the expatriate contingent was released in Sudan in the second week of June.     

3S支持下的锡林郭勒盟旱灾救助区划研究

根据自然灾害区划和灾害救助理论,分别构建了内蒙古锡林郭勒盟灾前备灾能力、备灾物品、灾中应急响应能力和灾后恢复能力的模型,并利用先进的3S技术和计算机存储技术,综合得出锡林郭勒盟旱灾救灾等级区划.最后针对各个等级的旗县提出救助方案.     

无妄之灾

当灾难降临时,对灾难进行解释是治愈公众创伤的重要方法。但有时,人们却找不到任何合理的解释。事故发生在1975年2月28日伦敦的摩尔吉特地铁站。自那天起,这家地铁站的名字便成了“无妄之灾”的代名词。     

日本的防灾公园

火山喷发和地震,是日本这个岛国危害最严重的自然灾害。1923年的关东大地震、1995年的阪神大地震等,都造成了极其惨重的生命财产损失。以生命和鲜血为代价,换来了日本对防灾救灾工作的高度重视,并且积累了不少有益的经验。在城市建立防灾公园就是有效手段之一。     

日本的灾害管理

日本位于环太平洋地震带和火山活动带上,虽然只占地球陆地面积的0.25%,但其地震的发生次数和活火山的数量却非常高。另外,从地理、地形、气象等方面来看,还极易发生台风、暴雨、暴雪等灾害,因此日本是个多灾的国家。