共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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障碍物影响下细水雾灭火有效性的研究具有重要的意义。研究了障碍物与火焰的相对位置、细水雾工作压力、喷头距离火焰垂直距离及水平距离等因素对灭火有效性的影响,以及细水雾作用下火灾烟气中一氧化碳、二氧化碳及氧气浓度的变化规律等。结果表明:高压细水雾可以有效扑救部分有障碍物遮挡的油池火,同时喷头距离火焰的水平距离和垂直距离也显著影响着细水雾的灭火速度;高压细水雾在灭火过程中火场的氧气浓度明显升高,二氧化碳和一氧化碳浓度明显降低;细水雾工作压力较低时,一氧化碳浓度反而有所增加。 相似文献
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细水雾抑制熄灭K类火有效性的实验研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本文通过全尺寸模拟实验研究了细水雾与K类火的相互作用,利用LDV/APV激光多普勒分析仪对细水雾特性进行了测量,分析了细水雾的粒径、速度及雾动量对灭火有效性的影响规律。分别改变喷头类型、工作压力、喷头与火源的垂直距离及喷射角度进行多种工况的灭火实验,结果表明,细水雾的灭火有效性随着压力的增大得到明显提高,喷头的雾化性能直接影响着细水雾的灭火有效性,同时喷射角度及喷射距离也影响着细水雾的灭火有效性。本文为细水雾灭火技术用于厨房环境的火灾防护提供了科学的参考依据和必要的设计参数。 相似文献
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对细水雾灭垂直立面火进行了实验研究。结果表明,喷头和火源之间存在一个最佳的水平距离,在此距离上,细水雾能够扑灭的火源尺寸或火源的位置范围最大。喷头向燃料表面垂直喷射时,灭火时间最短。斜向喷射时,随着喷射角度的增大,灭火时间逐渐增大,直至灭火失败。喷头斜向上喷射时的灭火效果优于斜向下喷射时的灭火效果,能够在更大的喷射距离上扑灭相同规模的火源。 相似文献
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《中国安全科学学报》2017,(7)
为改进细水雾喷头的雾化效果,根据雾化芯结构特征设计14种细水雾喷头,采用激光粒径仪、细水雾试验装置,研究雾化芯设计参数对其雾化效果的影响,探究改进型喷头最优灭火效果所对应的工作压力和添加剂质量浓度。结果表明:四流道雾化芯细水雾喷头雾化效果最好,雾滴粒径(X_(90))为110.578μm;当工作压力从8 MPa增加到12 MPa时,细水雾灭火效果提高17.4%,超过12 MPa时提升作用甚微;水中的添加剂可以提高细水雾灭火效果,十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)质量浓度为0.4 g/L时灭火效果最佳。 相似文献
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通过全尺寸实验研究低压细水雾对抑制和熄灭B类火灾的有效性。分别使用圆形和方形油盘,以汽油和柴油为燃料进行低压细水雾灭火实验,并进一步研究含微胶囊F-500添加剂的细水雾灭火效果。结果表明,低压细水雾对抑制和熄灭B类火具有一定的有效性,但容易出现灭大火容易灭小火难的现象,并且对于"角落火"难以扑灭。而添加了微胶囊F-500的低压细水雾,灭火效率较纯水细水雾提高约3~5倍,能有效扑灭死角火,同时提高火场能见度。分别用1%、3%、6%的F-500溶液作为灭火介质,实验表明,不同浓度的F-500溶液具有不同的灭火效果。综合考虑经济性和有效性因素:对于大多数B类火灾场合,F-500溶液的最佳配比为1%;对于危险性大或火灾荷载大的场合,微胶囊F-500水溶液的最佳配比为3%。 相似文献
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《中国安全科学学报》2015,(7)
为研究细水雾抑制熄灭厨房火灾的性能,按照家庭、酒店或快餐店小规模厨房的场景,开展封闭空间细水雾灭火技术缩小比例火灾试验。基于自行设计的细水雾灭火试验系统,采用分体式激光粒度仪测定细水雾粒径,改变喷嘴类型和工作压力,进行多工况灭火有效性试验。结果表明:细水雾扑灭食用油火的有效性随压力和细水雾流量的增大而提高,并且增加流量比增大压力有效;细水雾抑制熄灭食用油火的主要机理为冷却燃料表面,当液滴粒径大于200岬且工作压力大于0.2 MPa时,细水雾能够穿过火羽到达食用油表面进行冷却,同时,细水雾动量和雾锥角也影响细水雾的灭火有效性。 相似文献
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含添加剂细水雾灭火性能评价方法探讨 总被引:1,自引:5,他引:1
采用正交实验设计方法,设计了含添加剂细水雾灭火有效性实验,大大减少了实验工作量;同时通过灭火时间、温度变化、烟气成分变化、火焰形状变化4个灭火有效性评价参数和添加剂的灭火效率、对环境的影响程度、价格、稳定性、对系统的腐蚀性5个主要性能参数,建立了含添加剂细水雾灭火剂性能的综合评价方法;结合具体实验运用综合评价方法对含添加剂细水雾灭火实验数据进行综合分析,得出其中的最优添加剂。提出的含添加剂细水雾灭火性能的综合评价方法,对研究细水雾灭火具有一定的理论指导意义和实际应用价值。 相似文献
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在瓦斯抽放钻孔的钻进过程中,由于钻头、钻杆与周围煤壁的摩擦升温,会发生瓦斯火灾.为了预防与控制煤矿瓦斯燃烧火灾,采用细水雾灭火技术和自制的钻孔瓦斯火试验系统,在0.4 MPa、0.6 MPa和0.8 MPa下,选择5种配方的含添加剂细水雾,对瓦斯抽放钻孔火灾进行了灭火有效性研究,主要考察了施加细水雾前后瓦斯火焰温度、燃烧强度和灭火时间的变化.结果表明,在清水中添加化学添加剂后,使细水雾熄灭瓦斯火的有效性大大提高,在0.4 MPa下,清水细水雾不能熄灭的钻孔瓦斯火灾,使用添加剂2、3、4、5后,可以在32.4~70.3 s的时间内熄灭.升高压力,细水雾对瓦斯火的熄灭有效性提高,当压力为0.6~0.8 MPa时,含添加剂5的细水雾熄灭瓦斯火的时间比清水细水雾缩短76.1%~88.6%.在实际应用中,使用低压细水雾灭火系统,并选择合适的灭火添加剂配方,可有效防治钻孔瓦斯火灾. 相似文献
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为研究气泡雾化细水雾灭火的机理和影响因素,利用自行研制的气泡雾化细水雾系统进行了以汽油油盘火为火源的灭火试验,改变气泡雾化细水雾喷头的压力和流量,记录不同工况下的灭火时间、火焰温度、辐射热和火焰形态的变化,对气泡雾化细水雾的灭火过程进行分类,分析各类灭火过程的主要灭火机理和压力与流量对灭火有效性的影响规律.结果表明,气泡雾化细水雾针对汽油油盘火具有良好的灭火效果,其灭火过程可分为瞬时灭火、短时间灭火和长时间灭火3种类型,每种类型的灭火过程有不同的主要灭火机理. 相似文献
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为了探讨开口的位置与尺寸对受限空间内的细水雾灭火有效性的影响,设计了一个尺寸为1.2 m×1.2 m×1.2 m的特殊受限空间模拟实验台,开展了一系列细水雾灭火对比实验,测量了烟气温度以及灭火时间等实验参数,通过改变实验燃料、火源功率、开口尺寸、开口位置等因素来研究开口对特殊受限空间内细水雾灭火有效性的影响规律。结果表明:在特殊受限空间内,相同条件下,开口位置由下至上,细水雾抑制火灾有效性由低至高;开口尺寸由大至小,细水雾抑制火灾有效性由高至低。当开口尺寸足够小以后,细水雾抑制火灾有效性反而会逐渐增强。 相似文献
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Characteristics of large cooking oil pool fires and their extinguishment by water mist 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Z. Liu D. Carpenter A.K. Kim 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2006,19(6):516-526
Large cooking oil pool fires, occurring in industrial oil cookers, present a severe hazard to food processing plants due to their size and the large amount of hot oil involved. This paper reports a series of full-scale fire experiments conducted in a large industrial oil cooker mock-up. The characteristics of large cooking oil pool fires and the effect of oil depth and hood position in the oil cooker on fire growth were studied. The use of water mist for extinguishing large oil pool fires and their extinguishing performance under different discharge pressure and with different types of water mist systems were investigated. Experimental results showed that the cooking oil underwent a substantial expansion in volume during heating. The fires developed quickly once the oil auto-ignited. The fire growth rate was affected by the oil depth in the pan and the hood position in the oil cooker. The water mist fire suppression systems effectively extinguished large cooking oil fires and prevented them from re-igniting. Their extinguishing performance was determined by the type of water mist system, discharge pressure and hood position in the oil cooker. 相似文献
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The total flooding application water mist system is a new type of environmentally-friendly fixed extinguishing system. The optimizing design can improve its fire extinguishing performance. At present, the water mist fire extinguishing system in the engine room of the offshore deepwater semi-submersible support platform has not attracted sufficient attention. In this paper, the water mist in the engine room of a deepwater semi-submersible support platform was studied. It contains the effect of water mist on the heat absorption and oxygen insulation of diesel pool fires. The applicable parameters of the water mist fire extinguishing system were also determined. Moreover, based on the shielding of the fire source in the engine room and the different requirements for water mist extinguishing parameters, a hierarchical multi-parameter combined high-pressure water mist fire extinguishing system was proposed. In the full-scale experimental engine room model, according to the fire extinguishing experiments for diesel pool fires with different areas, this kind of hierarchical multi-parameter water mist system is very effective on shielded and non-shielded fires. In addition, it is still effective even in a non-closed environment coupled with smoke exhausting. 相似文献
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Through a series of full-scale fire experiments and numerical simulations, the effectiveness of water mist system on wind generator could be estimated, and compared with fire parameters, such as exposed or unexposed fire sources, number of nozzles, un-sheltered or sheltered fire sources, and fire source location.The experimental study found that the position of the water mist nozzles and whether the flames inside the oil pan are covered have a significant influence on overall extinguishing efficacy. The water mist system proved to have sound effectiveness on fire suppression in wind generators with sheltered fire source.According to FDS simulations of water mist systems, the simulated temperature curve declined more significantly than that for the actual measurements, indicating that the cooling effect of the simulated water mist was better. However, simulations were used for a situation where water mist was unable to directly extinguish the fire. Analysis of the simulated airflow showed that an opening caused the water to discharge outwards and the airflow was disturbed by the outside; thus, the extinguishing effect was poorer. There was less water with a sheltering object, and thus the extinguishing effect was poorer. 相似文献
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