共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 437 毫秒
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综合自然灾害风险管理理论依据探析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
自然灾害风险是联合国国际减灾十年之后国际社会灾害风险管理学界研究的重点领域,而对自然灾害风险模型的深入探讨,将进一步加深人们对自然灾害风险影响因素的认识.在国际社会灾害风险管理学界对自然灾害风险模型的认识的基础上,力求对自然灾害风险模型做进一步的诠释,进而从自然灾害风险模型的再认识、人类活动对自然致灾因素的强化以及自然灾害风险的系统结构三个方面,探讨了综合自然灾害风险管理的理论依据,为制定科学的综合自然灾害风险管理战略提供理论参考. 相似文献
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1997年全球自然灾害回顾与分析 总被引:29,自引:7,他引:22
1997年是全球自然灾害经济损失较低的一年。根据收集到的全球自然灾害数据,对全球主要自然灾害特征和分布特点进行了回顾,并结合国际上最新研究成果对其成因进行了分析。 相似文献
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1998年全球自然灾害评析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
1998年是全球自然灾害经济损失特别大的一年,仅次于1995年,根据收集到的全球自然灾害数据,对全球主要自然灾害特征和分布特点提出和分析,并对其成因进行了探讨。 相似文献
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2003年是全球自然灾害重灾年.根据收集到的全球自然灾害记录的数据,客观地对全球主要自然灾害的特征和分布特点进行了分析,并对其成因和发展趋势进行了初步探讨. 相似文献
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1996年全球自然灾害分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
1996年是全球自然灾害的经济损失属中等的一年。据收集到的全球自然灾害数据,对全球主要自然灾害特征和分布特点进行分析,并对其成因进行了初步探讨。 相似文献
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2000年全球重大自然灾害概述 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
2000年是全球自然灾害经济损失较为一般的年份。根据收集到的全球自然灾害记录的数据,客观地对全球主要自然灾害的特征和分布特点进行了分析,并对其成因进行了探讨. 相似文献
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三部委灾害综合研究组办公室 《防灾减灾工程学报》2003,23(2)
<正> 在马宗晋院士领导下,三部委灾害综合研究组(即原国家科委国家计委国家经贸委自然灾害综合研究组)通过多部门、多学科的联合调查和综合研究,在对我国自然灾害历史、现状和未来及灾害自然属性与社会属性全面研究的基础之上,不仅较全面地认识了我国自然灾害的特点和规律,而且提出了 相似文献
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全球自然灾害频度、造成死亡、受害和直接经济损失统计数据1994年5月23日至27日在日本横滨召开的《世界减灾大会》上,公布了一批最新的关于全球自然灾害频度、造成死亡、受害和直接经济损失统汁数据。1主要自然灾害事件造成损失的综合统计情况(196~199... 相似文献
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1994/1995全球重大自然灾害的统计分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
1994/1995年是60年代以来全球自然灾害经济损失最大的两年。作者根据收集到的信息,对全球这两年的重大自然灾害的分布及灾情作了统计。结果表明,90年代全球重大自然灾害的经济和保险损失存在上升趋势。最后,对其成因进行了分析 相似文献
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西南地区1959—1961年三年自然灾害分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
该文以丰富而翔实的资料就西南地区1959~1961年三年自然灾害,特别是旱灾的灾情、灾情特点、灾害损失、灾害原因及其经验教训进行了论述. 相似文献
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Social, not physical, infrastructure: the critical role of civil society after the 1923 Tokyo earthquake 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Aldrich DP 《Disasters》2012,36(3):398-419
Despite the tremendous destruction wrought by catastrophes, social science holds few quantitative assessments of explanations for the rate of recovery. This article illuminates four factors-damage, population density, human capital, and economic capital-that are thought to explain the variation in the pace of population recovery following disaster; it also explores the popular but relatively untested factor of social capital. Using time-series, cross-sectional models and propensity score matching, it tests these approaches using new data from the rebuilding of 39 neighbourhoods in Tokyo after its 1923 earthquake. Social capital, more than earthquake damage, population density, human capital, or economic capital, best predicts population recovery in post-earthquake Tokyo. These findings suggest new approaches for research on social capital and disasters as well as public policy avenues for handling catastrophes. 相似文献
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《Environmental Hazards》2013,12(4):369-378
In much of the developed world, private sector insurance plays an important but often underappreciated role in the management of natural disasters. Insurance works by spreading individual and independent risks across all policyholders. This notion succeeds for uncorrelated risks such as theft and motor accidents, but is problematic where risks are highly correlated in space and time, as in the case of natural hazards. Insurers transfer much of this risk to international reinsurers who are guided by the principle that natural catastrophes in different parts of the world are uncorrelated. Global diversification allows reinsurers to confer to direct insurers the same assurance that insurers offer their policyholders. This paper outlines these principles and poses questions as to how a government might respond when insurers assess some risks as uninsurable. It considers a range of policy options including some that seek to avoid situations where interference by governments in the marketplace has proved unhelpful. A key paradigm is that insurance premiums should reflect actual risk in order to encourage homeowners, planners and government decision makers to reduce risks. While our focus is riverine flood risk, the principles can be generalized to a wide range of natural hazards. 相似文献
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试析1920年湖南瘟疫 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1920年湖南省省多事之年,兵灾、水灾、疫灾同时并发,有如雪上加霜,本文从是年湖南瘟疫产生的原因、特点、后果及防治各方面进行初步探讨,认为天灾与人祸互为因果,不革新政治、发展生产和科技是无法战胜瘟疫的。 相似文献
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Green RH 《Disasters》2000,24(4):343-362
Rehabilitation after armed conflict is a direct intellectual descendant of thinking about rehabilitation after natural calamity. It is related, generally, to poverty reduction and, operationally, to associated action at the micro level. This history has limited its strategic conceptualisation and, in particular, its links with reconciliation and state re-legitimation and also with macro-economic stabilisation and renewed growth. In post-war--or more generally, a lull in conflict with the potential to become permanent--a country's rapid, focused, prioritised action within a strategic framework is urgent. It is not risk-free for political and natural disasters as well as for those with economic and social bases. Flexibility, learning from initial experience and asking intended household beneficiaries about their needs in advance can reduce risk as can pre-positioning of contingency or standby resources to avert post-war calamities (for example, drought, flood) and catastrophes (renewed violence) from delaying and discrediting rehabilitation efforts. 相似文献