西安杨森制药有限公司机器包装人机工程评价

阐述了西安杨森制药有限公司包装车间人机工程评价的方法、程序和机器包装人机工程评价的具体内容与改进意见，并简要介绍了评价后的效果     

人机工程国际合作技术交流信息

应法国巴黎第五大学的邀请，武汉安全环保研究院技术人员于２０００年１０月１１日至２１日赴法国巴黎第五大学国家人机工程实验室进行了技术访问。本次访问中，法方国家人机工程实验室先后安排了以下内容的专题技术交流。交流主题为：人机工程数据库，人机学人体设计模型，生物力学研究，应力－疲劳－工作载荷研究，人体行为评价方法研究，人体神经系统反应测试方法以及慢性生态反应研究。每项专题安排半天交流，并参观相应的实验室。法国巴黎第五大学国家人机工程实验室的人机工程技术研究代表了该领域的世界先进水平，有些研究专题已从理…     

西安杨森制药有限公司机器包装人机工程评价

阐述了西安杨森制药有限公司包装车间人机工程评价的方法,程序和机器包装人机工程评价的具体与改进意见,并简要介绍了评价后的效果。     

论门与安全

文章以实例论证了因门洞被阻塞或设计不当而使一般灾情变成恶性事故，并从安全人机工程的角度，对工程的设计施工，装璜，运行管理，特别对门页的设计和开启方式提出了见解。     

工作系统人机工程设计基本要求

工作系统的设计和评价应包括技术方面和人机工程方面,对工作系统人机工程设计的基本要求,包括;按人的生理,心理特点设计,人机扫口设计,作业环境设计,人－机系统总体设计。     

论门与安全

文章以实例论证了因门洞被阻塞或设计不当而使一般灾情变成恶性事故。并从安全人机工程的角度，对工程的设计、施工、装璜、运行管理，特别对门页的设计和开启方式提出了见解。     

输送管道的压力安全监测软件的开发

为保障工业管道的安全输送,运用VB对高压压力管道的压力数据进行实时快速采集的技术,在此基础上实现对高压压力管道压力数据的采集、分析、显示及保存。本文还介绍了上位机程序中经常用到的键盘锁定功能。     

日积月累

电脑操作中的人机工程一、保持良好的操作姿势良好的操作姿势是工作场所人机工程学的基础。保持良好的姿势是预防职业病的最好方式。操作员的姿势 1.操作员使用键盘时手腕尽量是平的(既不仰屈,也不下折)和直的(既不向左边扭,也不向右边扭)。     

人机工程技术在机械安全设计的应用

从人机工程相关技术角度出发,对机械安全设计的有关问题进行了相应探讨,并提出了具体的应用事例.     

手工包装安全人机工程评价

较详细地阐述了西安杨森制药有限公司手工包装安全人机工程评价的方法、程序、内容与改进意见,并简要介绍了评价后的效果     

工业工程专业人因工程教学模式改革探索与实践

人因工程是工业工程专业中一门非常重要的专业课程。首先根据工业工程专业的特点和当前社会人才培养需求,分析了人因工程课程教学过程中存在主要问题。然后根据存在的问题对教学目标进行重新定位,并设计了层次化教学内容、动态化教学模块和多样化教学方法相结合的立体教学体系。最后,设计并尝试采用实验教学、案例教学、互动式教学等方法和手段进行教学改革。对提高教学质量、培养学生综合能力具有一定的意义。     

电脑使用工效学评价方法的研究：键盘和鼠标使用及人体疲劳

为了进行电脑相关肌肉骨骼疾病（Computer Related Musculoskeletal Disorders）的办公室工效学研究,需要研发更有效的电脑使用工效学评价方法。鉴于键盘和鼠标是电脑操作者最主要的输入工具,而且高重复性的操作动作会增加患肌肉骨骼疾病的风险,为了保护电脑操作者的职业健康,本研究研发一套键盘和鼠标使用的工效学评价方法并且使用该评价方法评价键盘和鼠标的使用以及使用过程中的人体疲劳。评价方法设计包括：＂键盘鼠标使用统计软件＂、＂疲劳问卷系统软件＂和数据处理和结果可视化。应用此评价方法对25个对象进行了8周的纵向观察与评价。键盘鼠标使用的评价结果能够准确反映评价对象操作键盘鼠标的实际情况;对疲劳程度的分析结果也与实验室研究结论一致,得到了理论支持,成功研发了一套创新、有效的电脑键盘和鼠标使用的工效学评价方法。     

Unionists/researchers writing a book in co-operation: Importance in training/research dynamics

This text describes two different experiences of co-operation between unionists and researchers that resulted in writing of a book. We emphasize their similarities and differences and discuss the importance of these experiences in the dynamics of research and training in Ergonomics.     

A Draft of a System of Teaching Occupational Safety and Ergonomics at Universities in Poland

The aim of the study was to develop a set of curricula for teaching Occupational Safety and Ergonomics at colleges and universities of various types, aimed at equipping students with knowledge and skills and at shaping active attitudes towards the practical application of the acquired knowledge in their future working lives. On the basis of the analysis of the curricula at Polish and foreign colleges and universities, a set (canon) of educational contents constituting a common practice in the academic teaching of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics was established. Then, a convenient for teaching this subject classification of university specialisations in Poland was introduced. This led to identifying and defining a taxonomic unit called here an educational profile. Next, curriculum minima for the developed profiles were defined objectively. To achieve this aim, the set of educational contents was ranked by university teachers and specialists in occupational safety and ergonomics. Each part of the educational contents (subject) was ranked on a 10-point scale in relation to each educational profile. The results of this ranking led to formulating sets of educational contents for each educational profile. On this basis, a repertoire of curricula (6 curricula, in 2 hour-by-hour versions each) was prepared, with methodological guidelines for lecturers. The results of the study were presented in the form of a manual for academic authorities.     

A Comparative Ergonomics Postural Assessment of Potters and Sculptors in the Unorganized Sector in West Bengal,India

Potters and sculptors perform their work in very awkward postures. The purpose of this study was to analyse these postures. The modified Nordic questionnaire was used to analyse musculoskeletal discomfort. Rapid entire body assessment (REBA) and rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) were used to evaluate the subjects’ postures. There were no significant differences between times of discomfort and the group of subjects. However, there were significant differences in discomfort in different body parts. The analysis indicated that various body postures were harmful to the subjects and that there were profound deviations from natural curvature of various body parts due to awkward body postures. Ergonomics intervention was required to improve the quality of life.     

在香港提供消防与安全工程研究生教育的必要性分析

论述了在香港提供消防与安全工程研究生教育的必要性,为了培养高质量人才,消防与安全工程高等教育的科目应当包括消防工程学和安全工程学(如火灾动力学),用于建筑设计的计算机火灾模拟,消防工程系统,火灾安全管理立法因素,用于火灾安全管理的设计事项,建造的安全因素,职业安全和人类工程学,事故防范、危害评估和控制,安全管理系统和安全审核。而这些重要课程的质量提高都强烈依赖于相关研究的进展。     

试论安全人机工程学在矿业安全中的应用

安全人机工程学是一门新兴边缘学科。本文探讨它在矿业安全工程中的应用实践。根据人机功能特性及人机系统设计原理,分析了矿井通风及灾变防治中人机功能分配。综合应用电子、计算机、专家系统等新技术进行矿井正常通风模拟和调节以及灾变状态摸拟和控制系统的设计。提出了创造一个安全、卫生和舒适的井下环境的有益措施,以利于提高矿工的安全健康水平和工作效率。     

Ergonomics improvements of the visual inspection process in a printed circuit assembly factory.

An ergonomics improvement study was conducted on the visual inspection process of a printed circuit assembly (PCA) factory. The process was studied through subjective assessment and direct observation. Three problems were identified: operators' eye problems, insufficient time for inspection and ineffective visual inspection. These problems caused a huge yearly rejection cost of US 298,240 dollars, poor quality, customer dissatisfaction and poor occupational health and safety. Ergonomics interventions were made to rectify the problems: reduced usage of a magnifying glass, the use of less glaring inspection templates, inspection of only electrically non-tested components and introduction of a visual inspection sequence. The interventions produced savings in rejection cost, reduced operators' eye strain, headaches and watery eyes, lowered the defect percentage at customers' sites and increased the factory's productivity and customer satisfaction.     

Identification of ergonomic issues that affect workers in oilrigs in desert environments.

The main objective of this research was to conduct an assessment of ergonomic-related problems in oilrigs in a desert environment. A checklist, physical audit and medical records were used in the investigation. The results showed significant health, environment and work-related problems that could be attributed to ergonomic deficiencies in the work system of the oilrig. Some major ergonomic issues identified were hard physical work, back pain, discomfort, hot environment, long shift, and diverse schedule. Ninety-four percent of the employees perceived the workday as very long, 79% were dissatisfied with the work schedule, while 61% of the employees perceived the summer work environment as extremely hot. Ergonomics should be considered in the work system design so as to reduce or eliminate problems in oilrigs in hot desert environments.     

Ergonomics and Quality Management—Humans in Interaction With Technology,Work Environment,and Organization

Abstract

In many studies, ergonomics has been shown to influence human performance. The aim of this paper was to demonstrate imp ortan t ergonomics influences on quality in industrial production, from the perspective of interactions between humans, technology, organization, and work environment. A second aim was to elab orate on the implications of these findings for the development of quality management strategies. This paper shows that ergonomics problems in terms of adverse work environmental conditions, in appropriate design of technology, and an unsuitable org an izatio n are important causes of quality deficiencies. Problem solving aimed at improving ergonomics, quality, and productivity simultaneously is likely to obtain sup po rt from most of the interest parties of the company, and may also enhance participation. Ergonomics has the potential of becoming a driving force for the development of new quality management strategies.