建筑垃圾的再生利用研究

分析了我国建筑垃圾的现状及存在的问题,介绍了一些开发利用建筑垃圾方面的成功经验,提出了解决问题的方法和途径.     

食品垃圾的综合利用研究

食品垃圾在生活垃圾中所占的比例较大,它的处理是解决城市生活垃问题的重要环节,分析了国内外食品垃圾处理的现状及目前垃圾处理存在的问题,提出了食品垃圾综合利用的途径.     

发达国家建筑垃圾再生利用经验及借鉴

介绍了德国、日本、美国等发达国家对建筑垃圾进行处理和再利用的经验,提出我国应借鉴发达国家经验,从科研、法律、教育以及政策等方面加强建筑垃圾的再利用工作。     

建筑垃圾循环利用实践

建筑垃圾的循环利用是今后建筑垃圾处理的必经之路。在对国内外建筑垃圾循环利用的相关政策、法律法规及回收现状进行比较分析的基础上,对目前建筑垃圾循环利用的案例进行调查整理,总结出建筑垃圾循环利用的一般过程;并在对目前建筑垃圾循环利用的方法进行研究后,介绍了一种先进实用的建筑垃圾循环利用方法;最后对我国建筑垃圾循环利用存在的问题进行剖析并提出解决问题的建议,以期对我国建筑垃圾循环利用的发展有所裨益。     

建筑垃圾再生利用分析

以循环经济思想为指导,对建筑垃圾分类及再生利用技术进行分析,建议从源头控制建筑垃圾的产生量,强化全社会对建筑垃圾再生利用的环保意识.提高全社会对再生资源的认识.     

广州市建筑垃圾资源化的必要性分析

摘要：随着广州市城市化进程的不断加快,城市建筑垃圾的排出量也在快速增长,如何应对和处理建筑垃圾所带来的“垃圾围城”困境,已经成为人们不得不面对的重要问题,推进建筑垃圾资源化是开展建筑垃圾综合治理的有效途径。论述了建筑垃圾资源化再生利用的必要性、紧迫性,指出了广州市建筑垃圾资源化过程中存在的问题,为推进广州市建筑垃圾综合处理实践提供了参考。     

建筑垃圾再生利用存在的问题与对策

通过深入分析目前建筑垃圾再生利用存在的问题,有针对性地提出:政府在法律法规上给予再生产业扶持是建筑垃圾资源化再生利用的条件,民众理念更新是建筑垃圾再生利用的基础,建立有利于跟踪管理的再生产业链是建筑垃圾再生利用的关键.提出的对策旨在促进建筑垃圾资源化再生利用有序快速发展.     

建筑垃圾分类收运处理体系研究

根据对我国建筑垃圾产生源、产生特点和分类标准的分析,研究了提升我国建筑垃圾资源化率的分类收运处理体系。首先,明确了源头分类的重要性,提出了建设工地和居民生活区两个产生源的分类管理模式;其次,为提升建筑垃圾收运效率,按照产生源头不同提出了相适应的收集、运输模式;最后,根据建筑垃圾的成分、物化性质等特点,提出了分类处理的资源化利用途径。     

我国建筑垃圾资源化处理产业发展现状

建筑垃圾占我国城市固体废弃物总量的40%,目前存量和增量大,资源化率不足,而建筑垃圾再利用价值较高,资源化利用是必由之路。综述了建筑垃圾资源化再利用的产业现状,关注源头产生、过程处置及再生利用全过程。分析部分省份现有建筑垃圾产业发展模式,为建筑垃圾产业发展提供借鉴,在此基础上,提出建筑垃圾产业未来发展趋势,以更好地开展建筑垃圾资源化利用。     

四川汶川地震灾区建筑垃圾资源化利用设想

在对地震灾区损毁资源及建筑垃圾情况进行了实地考察的基础上,根据国家对固体废弃物循环利用方面的相关政策,借鉴国外有关建筑垃圾处置的先进经验,提出了“建筑垃圾资源化利用的思路”。即通过对建筑固体废弃物进行无害化处理,并现场转化为可供灾后重建所用的建筑材料,变废为用,既可节约垃圾堆放占地,减少露天堆放所造成的环境污染,同时又能为灾后重建提供紧缺的建筑材料。     

Separability studies of construction and demolition waste recycled sand

The quality of recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste (CDW) is strictly related to the content of porous and low strength phases, and specifically to the patches of cement that remain attached to the surface of natural aggregates. This phase increases water absorption and compromises the consistency and strength of concrete made from recycled aggregates. Mineral processing has been applied to CDW recycling to remove the patches of adhered cement paste on coarse recycled aggregates. The recycled fine fraction is usually disregarded due to its high content of porous phases despite representing around 50% of the total waste.This paper focus on laboratory mineral separability studies for removing particles with a high content of cement paste from natural fine aggregate particles (quartz/feldspars). The procedure achieved processing of CDW by tertiary impact crushing to produce sand, followed by sieving and density and magnetic separability studies. The attained results confirmed that both methods were effective in reducing cement paste content and producing significant mass recovery (80% for density concentration and 60% for magnetic separation). The production of recycled sand contributes to the sustainability of the construction environment by reducing both the consumption of raw materials and disposal of CDW, particularly in large Brazilian centers with a low quantity of sand and increasing costs of this material due to long transportation distances.     

Estimation of building-related construction and demolition waste in Shanghai

One methodology is proposed to estimate the quantification and composition of building-related construction and demolition (C&D) waste in a fast developing region like Shanghai, PR China. The varieties of structure types and building waste intensities due to the requirement of progressive building design and structure codes in different decades are considered in this regional C&D waste estimation study. It is concluded that approximately 13.71 million tons of C&D waste was generated in 2012 in Shanghai, of which more than 80% of this C&D waste was concrete, bricks and blocks. Analysis from this study can be applied to facilitate C&D waste governors and researchers the duty of formulating precise policies and specifications. As a matter of fact, at least a half of the enormous amount of C&D waste could be recycled if implementing proper recycling technologies and measures. The appropriate managements would be economically and environmentally beneficial to Shanghai where the per capita per year output of C&D waste has been as high as 842 kg in 2010.     

Environmental management of construction and demolition waste in Kuwait

There is an increasing pressure on the construction industry to reduce costs and improve the quality of our environment. The fact is that both of these goals can be achieved at the same time. Although construction and demolition (C&D) constitutes a major source of waste in terms of volume and weight, its management and recycling efforts have not yet seen the light in Kuwait. This study focuses on recycling efforts leading to the minimization of the total C&D waste that is currently landfilled in Kuwait. This paper presents the current status of C&D waste disposal system in Kuwait and identifies the potential problems to the environment, people and economy. Then, it investigates alternative solutions to manage and control this major type of waste in an economically efficient and environmentally safe manner. Next, the paper describes the feasibility of establishing a C&D waste recycling facility in Kuwait. It concludes by highlighting the major benefits and bottleneck problems with such a recycling facility.     

Quantifying construction and demolition waste: An analytical review

Quantifying construction and demolition (C&D) waste generation is regarded as a prerequisite for the implementation of successful waste management. In literature, various methods have been employed to quantify the C&D waste generation at both regional and project levels. However, an integrated review that systemically describes and analyses all the existing methods has yet to be conducted. To bridge this research gap, an analytical review is conducted. Fifty-seven papers are retrieved based on a set of rigorous procedures. The characteristics of the selected papers are classified according to the following criteria - waste generation activity, estimation level and quantification methodology. Six categories of existing C&D waste quantification methodologies are identified, including site visit method, waste generation rate method, lifetime analysis method, classification system accumulation method, variables modelling method and other particular methods. A critical comparison of the identified methods is given according to their characteristics and implementation constraints. Moreover, a decision tree is proposed for aiding the selection of the most appropriate quantification method in different scenarios. Based on the analytical review, limitations of previous studies and recommendations of potential future research directions are further suggested.     

废旧塑料的综合利用

近年来,治理"白色污染"、消灭"白色公害"已成为全球的共识,从废旧塑料的最终处置、直接再生利用、改性再生利用、热分解以及与其他材料复合等几个方面综述了废旧塑料的综合利用途径,其中废旧塑料和其他材料复合的再生利用技术有很好的发展前途,将成为今后研究的新热点.     

废旧塑料综合利用技术的应用

废旧塑料的回收利用是环境污染控制所面临的一个重要课题,近年来,人们在这方面进行了大量的研究工作,取得了很多成果.详细叙述了国内外废旧塑料回收处理的方法,分析了我国在废旧塑料回收利用方面的现状及存在的问题,并对如何进一步开展废旧塑料回收利用工作提出了一系列切实可行的建议.     

Preliminary study for the management of construction and demolition waste

This paper refers to the management of the construction and demolition (C&D) waste since, according to the EU Waste Strategy, C&D waste is considered to be one of the priority waste streams and appropriate actions need to be taken with respect to its effective management. Initially, the paper presents the state-of-the-art of the problem of C&D waste, including the amount and composition of C&D waste in EU countries, differences in the characteristics of this waste stream depending on its origin, as well as collection and management practices that are applied. A methodology is described for the estimation of the quantities of the waste stream under examination, since in most cases quantitative primary data is not available. Next, the fundamentals for the development of an integrated scheme for the management of C&D waste are presented and discussed, such as appropriate demolition procedures and location of waste management (off-site waste management, on-site waste management, direct on-site recovery, centralized on-site recovery). Finally, taking into consideration all relevant parameters, alternative systems that could be applied for the management of the C&D waste are suggested.     

Recycling of construction and demolition waste materials: a chemical-mineralogical appraisal

Building activity is currently demanding remarkable amounts of inert materials (such as gravel and sand) that are usually provided by alluvial sediments. The EU directives and Italian Legislation are encouraging the re-use of construction and demolition waste provided by continuous urban redevelopment. The re-utilisation of building waste is a relatively new issue for Italy: unfortunately the employment of recycled inert materials is still limited to general bulk and drainage fills, while a more complete re-evaluation is generally hampered by the lack of suitable recycling plants. In this paper, chemical-mineralogical characterization of recycled inert materials was carried out after preliminary crushing and grain-size sorting. XRF and XRD analysis of the different grain-size classes allowed us to recognise particular granulometric classes that can be re-utilised as first-order material in the building activity. Specifically, the presented chemical-mineralogical appraisal indicates that the recycled grain-size fraction 0.6-0.125 mm could be directly re-employed in the preparation of new mortar and concrete, while finer fractions could be considered as components for industrial processing in the preparation of cements and bricks/tiles.