污染天气条件下人工降雨对成渝西南区域环境空气质量的影响评估

基于成渝地区大气污染防控形势的严峻性,选取该区域西南部的乐山市作为研究对象,对2016—2020年人工降雨对该城市环境空气质量的影响进行研究。评估发现:冬季改善效果最好,平均每毫米降雨量可降低环境空气质量指数(AQI)约10,对应的SO₂、NO₂、CO、O₃、PM₁₀、PM_2.5浓度分别降低1.8 μg/m³、3.8 μg/m³、0.1 mg/m³、8.1 μg/m³、6.9 μg/m³、8.9 μg/m³;其次是春季,每毫米降雨量可降低AQI约8,对应的6项污染物浓度分别降低1.0 μg/m³、3.3 μg/m³、0.1 mg/m³、8.1 μg/m³、6.1 μg/m³、8.4 μg/m³;再次是夏季,每毫米降雨量可降低AQI约3,对应的6项污染物浓度分别降低0.6 μg/m³、1.6 μg/m³、0.03 mg/m³、6.9 μg/m³、1.2 μg/m³、2.0 μg/m³;秋季每毫米降雨量可降低AQI约1,对应的6项污染物浓度分别降低0.4 μg/m³、0.6 μg/m³、0.01 mg/m³、3.5 μg/m³、0.1 μg/m³、0.1 μg/m³。计算不同季节降雨总量与污染物削减量之间的Pearson相关系数,结果表明,春季人工降雨总量与O₃浓度削减总量呈显著正相关,夏、秋两季人工降雨总量与PM_2.5浓度削减总量呈显著正相关。     

2021年苏州黑碳气溶胶浓度特征及来源解析

于2020年12月1日—2021年11月30日利用7波段黑碳仪（AE-31）观测苏州地区黑碳（BC）浓度变化特征,并使用黑碳仪模型和后向轨迹模型分析BC排放来源和潜在源区。结果发现,苏州地区BC年平均质量浓度为（1.29±0.64）μg/m³,冬季BC质量浓度最高,为（1.61±0.89）μg/m³,秋季为（1.34±0.61）μg/m³,春季为（1.23±0.48）μg/m³,夏季最低,为（1.03±0.43）μg/m³。各季节工作日、非工作日BC质量浓度日变化均呈早晚双峰分布规律。BC质量浓度与风速、气温、降水量呈负相关,与相对湿度相关性并不显著。黑碳来源解析结果表明,相比于固体燃料（如煤和生物质燃烧）,液体燃料（如交通排放）对苏州BC质量浓度的贡献在各季节均占主要地位（74.2%～76.3%）,且夏季最高,冬季最低。同时,后向轨迹模拟和浓度轨迹权重分析的潜在源区结果显示,与本地污染相比,影响苏州地区BC的更多为输送型气团;各季节BC的潜在源区也稍有差异,主要以西南方向的影响为主。     

2013-2017年京津冀区域PM2.5浓度变化特征

利用2013-2017年京津冀区域13个城市PM_2.5监测数据,综合探讨了该区域PM_2.5浓度的时空变化特征。结果表明：京津冀区域PM_2.5污染整体较重,但治理成效显著,2013-2017年区域PM_2.5年均质量浓度分别为106、93、77、71、64 μg/m³,完成《大气污染防治行动计划》PM_2.5浓度下降25%左右的目标;13个城市PM_2.5浓度各百分位数总体呈现下降趋势,且随百分位数增大而下降速率加大,PM_2.5年均质量浓度平均每年下降10.6 μg/m³,污染严重的太行山沿线城市邢台、石家庄、邯郸3个城市平均每年分别下降20.3、16.1、13.9 μg/m³;京津冀区域PM_2.5重度污染天数比例分别为19.9%、16.6%、9.5%、9.0%、7.0%,呈下降趋势。2013-2017年京津冀区域PM_2.5平均质量浓度与非重度污染天相比升高19 μg/m³,PM_2.5重度污染天平均质量浓度较非重度污染天时高244.4%。     

大气氨气污染特征分析及其对PM2.5二次无机组分的影响

为研究大气中氨气的污染特征及其对细颗粒物（PM_2.5）二次无机组分的影响,于2021—2022年在江苏省南京、无锡、镇江、常州、徐州5个城市同期开展氨气及气溶胶组分的在线监测,并采用热动力学稳态模型（ISORROPIA）评估氨气的减排成效。结果表明,5个城市氨气年均质量浓度为10.1 μg/m³,5个城市年均质量浓度为7.7～15.2 μg/m³,其中徐州最高,南京最低。总氨于夏季（6月）达到浓度峰值,受温度及硝酸铵的热不稳定性影响,氨气在12：00左右出现浓度峰,而铵盐则呈现出昼低、夜高的日变化特征。5个城市均处于富氨水平,全年气溶胶呈中性,氨气中和额外酸性气体的潜力较为突出。冬季江苏省各市只有通过大幅度的氨减排（＞60%）才能使PM_2.5浓度显著下降,而对二氧化硫（SO₂）、氮氧化物（NO_X）进行减排才能更加高效地减轻PM_2.5污染。     

多元线性回归方法对北京地区PM2.5预报的改进应用

利用多元线性回归方法（REG）将多模式空气质量预报系统中3个模式（CMAQ、CAMx和NAQPMS）对北京市2016年PM_2.5的预报结果和观测数据进行集合,并对集合结果进行评估。结果表明：①不同模式的预报结果不尽相同,均能够反映2016年北京地区PM_2.5随时间的变化趋势,CMAQ、CAMx和NAQPMS相关系数为0.6~0.9,标准化平均偏差为-0.6~0.6。3个模式对重污染峰值预报都存在偏差,NAQPMS预报偏差低于其他模式;②基于多元线性回归集成预报模型能显著提高日均PM_2.5预报的准确率,能较好地改进不同季节模式整体高估或者低估的系统性偏差现象,春季国控平均偏差由-23 μg/m³改善至-2.3 μg/m³,冬季平均偏差降低近20 μg/m³;③利用多元线性回归方法对2016年红色预警期间小时PM_2.5订正结果显示,相关系数提高了0.13,均方根误差降低了20~30 μg/m³,并且对峰值浓度有较好的调整,预报峰值更为接近实况峰值,特别是对北部地区的改进效果较为明显,反映了实际观测数据对空气质量数值模式预报修正的研究意义和可行性。     

西沙永兴岛黑碳浓度特征初探

2012年5月6—9日利用黑碳仪获得了西沙永兴岛小时黑碳浓度数据。结果显示,西沙永兴岛黑碳小时浓度值变化范围为0.1~2.9 μg/m³,平均浓度为0.6 μg/m³,80.5%的小时浓度数据集中在0.2~0.7 μg/m³;黑碳浓度与风速、降水密切相关,风速大于2.5 m/s有利于黑碳扩散,降水对黑碳冲刷作用明显;黑碳浓度与背景区域的瓦里关黑碳浓度相近,高于背景区域的南极中山站,明显低于国内的多个城市及郊区的黑碳浓度。     

交通限行对大气颗粒物及PM2.5中二NFDA1英的影响

为了研究北京大气颗粒物和二NFDA1英(PCDD/Fs)的污染状况以及评估交通限行对大气颗粒物和PCDD/Fs的影响。利用同位素稀释高分辨率气相色谱/高分辨率质谱(HRGC/HRMS)联用法和USEPA 1613B 标准方法,以中国地质大学(北京)东门为采样点,采集大气PM_2.5、PM₁₀、TSP样品,对北京市交通限行期间以及交通限行前后等不同交通状况下颗粒物浓度及大气PM_2.5中17种2,3,7,8-PCDD/Fs污染特征进行了监测。结果表明,PM_2.5、PM₁₀、TSP的日均质量浓度在交通限行前分别为126、202、304 μg/m³,限行期间分别为39、78、93 μg/m³,限行结束后分别为79、126 μg/m³。PM_2.5中17种PCDD/Fs的质量浓度(毒性浓度)3个时段分别为1 804 fg/m³(70 fg I-TEQ/m³)、252 fg/m³ (9 fg I-TEQ/m³)和1 196 fg/m³ (48 fg I-TEQ/m³)。北京市交通限行期间颗粒物浓度和二 NFDA1 英浓度显著低于交通限行前后,交通源减排措施的实施是大气颗粒物和二 NFDA1英污染水平降低的主要原因,从减排效果看,交通源减排措施对大气细颗粒物(PM_2.5)的控制效果明显好于大气粗颗粒物。     

2014年“国家公祭日”保障期间南京PM2.5中碳组分污染特征

利用2014年“国家公祭日”期间南京市草场门测点OC和EC在线监测仪器,分析了PM_2.5中碳组分污染特征,结果表明：“国家公祭日”保障期间OC、EC的平均质量浓度为9.6 μg/m³和3.9 μg/m³,两者占PM_2.5质量的19%,是PM_2.5的重要组成部分;“国家公祭日”期间OC/EC（质量浓度比）的平均值为2.47,表明大气中存在二次反应生成的SOC,通过分析管控不同阶段EC与OC以及EC与SO₂、NO₂的相关性,表明两者受本地机动车影响较大;通过气流后向轨迹聚类分析表明,“国家公祭日”管控期间来自周边安徽、江苏、浙江交界处的气流对应的EC浓度最高,为7.14 μg/m³,进一步运用浓度权重轨迹（CWT）方法分析EC的潜在贡献源区,表明对南京EC输送强潜在源区主要在安徽省东南部,集中在芜湖、宣城、黄山一线,其贡献可超过8 μg/m³。     

广西环境空气中醛酮类化合物污染特征研究

为探究广西醛酮类化合物的污染状况,选择2022年9—10月和2023年5—6月臭氧质量浓度较高时段,分别对广西臭氧质量浓度较高的典型城市如南宁、桂林、北海、贵港、百色、贺州和来宾等城市的环境空气中醛酮类化合物进行监测,分析不同城市醛酮类化合物的季节特征、浓度水平、组分特征以及臭氧生成潜势（OFP）,并利用比值法对醛酮类化合物的来源进行初判。研究结果表明,南宁、桂林和来宾等典型城市醛酮类化合物质量浓度季节特征与臭氧一致,均表现为秋季（2022年9—10月）高于春夏季（2023年5—6月）;监测期间,广西醛酮类物质平均质量浓度为23.64 μg/m³,其中贺州最高,为31.30 μg/m³,北海最低,为13.58 μg/m³,与其他城市相比,广西各市醛酮类化合物质量浓度处于中等偏下水平;各城市的醛酮类化合物化学组分中甲醛占比最高,占比为43.8%（贺州）～58.2%（贵港）;各城市OFP值为77.32μg/m³（北海）～ 159.35 μg/m³（贵港）,其中甲醛对OFP贡献最大,贡献占比为52.1%（北海）～70.1%（贵港）。各城市甲醛和乙醛的质量浓度比值（C1/C2）为2.55～3.22,醛酮类化合物主要以机动车尾气排放以及人为源碳氢化合物氧化为主,其中北海和百色的C1/C2均在2.6左右,受机动车尾气等人为源影响更明显,在臭氧污染期间须加强机动车尾气等人为源管控。     

基于转置EKMA曲线的湖南省臭氧生成敏感性分析

基于湖南省2015—2020年夏秋季的污染物及气象观测数据，分析了臭氧（O₃）污染的时空特征和生成敏感性。湖南省中部和北部的O₃污染较为严重，且主要发生在9月，午后O₃峰值常与早高峰的NO₂浓度有较高的相关性。采用转置EKMA曲线方法探究了O₃在NO₂维度和VOCs反应活性维度下的生成敏感性。在 NO₂维度下，NO₂控制区和NO₂-VOCs过渡区的NO₂质量浓度为7 ~ 13 μg/m³，NO₂-VOCs过渡区和VOCs控制区的NO₂质量浓度为15~17 μg/m³。在VOCs反应活性维度下，当NO₂质量浓度大于10 μg/m³时，VOCs反应活性越高，O₃浓度越高。在高VOCs反应活性（30 ℃或以上）时，NO₂浓度每降低1 μg/m³，各区域的O₃质量浓度能降低约8 ~ 9 μg/m³。结合NO₂ 和VOCs反应活性2个维度，得出湖南省午后O₃生成以 NO₂控制区和NO₂-VOCs 过渡区为主，在晴天干燥和高温条件下，减排NO₂可有效降低O₃浓度。转置EKMA曲线方法为缺少长期VOCs观测的区域提供了研究O₃生成敏感性的新思路。     

Topsoil and Housedust Metal Concentrations in the Vicinity of a Lead Battery Manufacturing Plant

The aim of the study was to determine the extent of heavy metal pollution in the vicinity of a lead battery manufacturing plant in the Czech Republic, both in the general environment and within homes. Topsoils (0–5 cm) were sampled from 100 sites along 4 transects which crossed the battery factory, the town centre and outlying rural areas. Housedust samples were collected from 15 plant-workers' homes and 15 non plant-workers' homes located at various distances from the factory. Samples were analysed for levels of Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, As and Sb, using ICP-AES. Soil concentrations of Pb, Cd, As and Sb peaked at the perimeter fence of the battery factory with Pb levels of up to 12 650 g g> ^-1. Concentrations of these metals decreased exponentially within 500 m of the plant. Whilst the battery factory does appear to be a source of all the metals with the exception of Zn, emissions do not appear to be transported to any great extent over distances of more than 0.5 km. Topsoil and housedust concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, As and Sb in the general Mlada Boleslav area do not appear to be significantly different from those recorded in a large scale survey of urban soils in the United Kingdom. A comparison of housedust Pb concentrations in homes of plant workers and non-plant workers suggests that there may be a small input of Pb into the home environment by battery plant employees.     

An Overview of Contaminant-Related Issues Identified by Monitoring in San Francisco Bay

The San Francisco Estuary Regional Monitoring Program for Trace Substances (RMP) began in 1993 and is sponsored by 74 local, state, and federal agencies and companies through their discharge or Bay use permits. The RMP monitors water, sediment, toxicity, and bivalve bioaccumulation at 25 sites in the Bay that are considered to represent "background" conditions. Several major environmental issues have been identified by the RMP. Polychlorinated biphenyls and mercury were often above water quality guidelines, and often occurred in fish tissues above U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) screening values. Concentrations do not appear to be decreasing, suggesting continuing inputs. Episodes of aquatic toxicity often occurred following runoff events that transport contaminants into the Bay from urbanized and agricultural portions of the watershed. Sediment toxicity occurred throughout the Bay, and has been correlated with concentrations of specific contaminants (chlordanes, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons) at some locations; mixtures of contaminants were probably also important. Since the RMP does not monitor all ecosystem components, assessments of the overall condition of the Bay cannot be made. However, in terms of contamination, the RMP samples suggest that the South Bay, and North Bay sites are moderately contaminated.     

Biomagnification factors (fish to Osprey eggs from Willamette River,Oregon, U.S.A.) for PCDDs,PCDFs, PCBs and OC pesticides

A migratory population of 78 pairs of Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) nesting along the Willamette River in westernOregon was studied in 1993. The study was designed to determinecontaminant concentrations in eggs, contaminant concentrationsin fish species predominant in the Ospreys diet, andBiomagnification Factors (BMFs) of contaminants from fish specieseaten to Osprey eggs. Ten Osprey eggs and 25 composite samplesof fish (3 species) were used to evaluate organochlorine (OC)pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinateddibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and polychlorinated dibenzofurans(PCDFs). Mercury was also analyzed in fish. Geometric meanresidues in Osprey eggs were judged low, e.g., DDE 2.3 g g^-1 wet weight (ww), PCBs 0.69 g g^-1, 2,3,7,8-TCDD 2.3 ng kg^-1, and generally well below known threshold values for adverse effects on productivity, and the population was increasing. Osprey egg residue data presentedby River Mile (RM) are discussed, e.g., higher PCDDs were generally found immediately downstream of paper mills and eggsfrom the Willamette River had significantly elevated PCBs and PCDDs compared to reference eggs collected nearby in the CascadeMountains. Prey remains at nest sites indicated that the Largescale Sucker (Catostomus macrocheilus) and NorthernPikeminnow (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) accounted for an estimated 90.1% of the biomass in the Osprey diet, and composite samples of these two species were collected from different sampling sites throughout the study area for contaminant analyses. With the large percentage of the fishbiomass in the Osprey diet sampled for contaminants (and fisheaten by Ospreys similar in size to those chemically analyzed),and fish contaminant concentrations weighted by biomass intake, a mean BMF was estimated from fish to Osprey eggs for the largeseries of contaminants. BMFs ranged from no biomagnification(0.42) for 2,3,7,8-TCDF to 174 for OCDD. Our findings for themigratory Osprey were compared to BMFs for the resident HerringGull (Larus argentatus), and differences are discussed. Webelieve a BMF approach provides some basic understanding ofrelationships between contaminant burdens in prey species offish-eating birds and contaminants incorporated into their eggs,and may prove useful in understanding sources of contaminants inmigratory species although additional studies are needed.     

The Draft of the New German Guideline VDI 3782/8 to Model Automobile Exhaust Dispersion

The draft of the German guideline to calculate automobile exhaust dispersion is explained. It contains a two-stage-system: For first quick estimates the guideline contains the simple models MLuS and STREET. In case these models are not applicable or their results shows concentration levels close to the air quality standards, the more complex models PROKAS_V and MISKAM are recommended. PROKAS_V is a Gaussian plume model, MISKAM is a 3-dimensional microscale non hydrostatic flow model for built-up areas with an Eulerian dispersion model. The guideline comprises cases in rural areas without or with few adjacent buildings as well as urban areas with buildings near the roads. The contribution gives information about the models, typical results and some of the problems showing up presently.     

Hydrocarbon Utilization in Yeast Isolates Found to Grow in Association with Petroleum in a Polluted Ultisol of Midwestern Nigeria

The population counts of hydrocarbon-utilising yeasts weremonitored at six sampling stations in the Benin City municipalarea over a four-week period. Although the population countswere relatively constant in each locality, the highest countsoccurred in areas heavily polluted by domestic and industrialeffluents. A total of thirty-five hydrocarbon-degrading yeastswere isolated from soil at the sampling stations usingn-hexadecane as sole carbon source. The isolates were identifiedas belonging to the genera Candida (27 strains), Endomycopsis (4 strains). All the organisms grew on long-chainn-alkane, kerosene, diesel oil and crude oil but failed to growon short-chain n-alkane, aromatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons.Measurement of growth attributes of the isolates usingn-hexadecane, diesel oil and crude oil as substrates showed thatthe Candida species were better utilizers of hydrocarbonsubstrates relative to Endomycopsis and Schizosaccharomyces species.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定苏州开发区26种蔬菜中铜锌铁锰镍

用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了苏州开发区26种蔬菜中的铜、锌、铁、锰和镍的含量。蔬菜样品用硝酸高氯酸混合酸进行消解。4次测定值的相对标准差<5%,加标回收率在92%～107%之间。26种蔬菜中铜、锌、铁、锰、镍的含量基本均在世贸组织规定的范围内。     

Using Multiple Taxonomic Groups to Index the Ecological Condition of Lakes

Biological indicators of communitiestypically reflect a common environmental signalreflecting the general condition of the ecosystem, as well asindividual signals by indicators differentiallysensitive to particular environmental conditions. Wedescribe here a method of integrating and interpretingsuch indicators from 19 New England lakes for fivetaxonomic groups (diatoms, benthos, zooplankton, fish,and birds). Our approach provides a systematicstandardized way to integrate multiple metrics fromdifferent taxonomic groups by addressing four elementscrucial to analyzing data from multiple indicators: covariate control, re-scaling of data, standardizing the sign of responses, and dimensional reduction. We evaluated the biologicalmetrics against individual environmental stressors andagainst multivariate physicochemical metricscharacterizing general anthropogenic stress among thelakes. The method detected a response to variationin the gross environmental condition of the lakes thatwas correlated across taxa and metrics. In addition,a differential response to near shore conditions wasdemonstrated for fish. The success of the approach inthis study lends support to its general application toecological monitoring involving complex data sets.     

Concentrations of Cadmium, Mercury and Selenium in Blood, Liver and Kidney of Common Eider Ducks from the Canadian Arctic

We determined concentrations of selected trace elements inlivers, kidneys and blood samples from common eiders (Somateria mollissima borealis) from the eastern Canadianarctic during 1997 and 1998. Concentrations of totalmercury and organic mercury were generally low in the liversof these birds (less than 6 and 4 g g^–1 dry wt,respectively). Selenium ranged between 11–47 g g^–1 inlivers. Renal cadmium concentrations were among the highestever published for this species (range: 47–281 g g^–1). The regressions of log-transformed concentrations ofthese trace elements in blood samples on those in liver orkidney were significant (all P-values < 0.05) andpositive. However, except for organic mercury (RM ² = 0.83), the co-efficients of determination were low tomoderate (range of R ²: 0.26–0.52), suggesting poorto moderate predictive capability. Furthermore, therelationships between total mercury in blood and liverchanged between 1997 and 1998, suggesting that it would notbe possible to predict consistently, concentrations ofmercury in blood from those in liver based on samples takenin one year. Blood samples can be used to determineconcentrations of these trace elements in common eiders (andprobably other sea duck species as well). The use of bloodsamples is especially warranted when it is undesirable tokill the animal such as when working with rare or endangeredsea duck species or when the objective is to relate traceelement exposure to annual survival rates. However, thepredictive equations developed here should not be used topredict expected concentrations in one type of tissue fromthose in the other.     

Impact of Pollution Caused by Uranium Production on Soil Macrofauna

Thirty years of mining and milling activities of the Priargunsky Mining-Chemical Production Company (South-Eastern Siberia, Russia) have resulted in an enrichment of uranium in adjacent steppe soils by a factor of up to 600. A number of attendant pollutants (thorium, arsenic and heavy metals) also have high concentrations in the soil. To estimate the effects of this pollution on soil-living macroinvertebrates, pitfall trapping and core sampling were applied. The element composition of four beetle species was analysed. Soil macroinvertebrates had 3–37 times lower abundance and biodiversity at the contaminated sites compared with the control. Ground beetle communities at the contaminated sites were reduced compared to the control site. The concentrations of uranium and arsenic in beetles collected at the contaminated sites were 2–41 and 2–26 times higher, respectively, than at the control site. There is strong evidence that the contamination caused by uranium production has severe negative biological effects on important groups of the soil food web.     

Eutrophication and Sedimentation Patterns in Complete Exploitation of Water Resources Scenarios: An Example from Northwestern Semi-arid Mexico

Water requirements to supply human needs lead water stakeholders to store more water during surplus periods to fulfil the demand during – not only – scarcity periods. At the reservoirs, mostly those in semi-arid regions, water level then fluctuates extremely between rises and downward during one single year. Besides of water management implications, changes on physical, chemical and biological dynamics of these drawdown and refilling are little known yet. This paper shows the results, throughout a year, on solids, nutrients (N and P), chlorophyll-a, and sedimentation changes on the dynamics, when the former policy was applied in a reservoir from the semi-arid Northwestern Mexico. Water level sinusoidal trend impinged changes on thermal stratification and mixing, modifying nutrient cycling and primary producer responses. According to nitrogen and phosphorus concentration as well as chlorophyll-a, reservoir was mesotrophic, becoming hypertrophic during drawdown. Nutrient concentrations were high (1.22 ± 0.70 and 0.14 ± 0.12 mg P l⁻¹), increasing phosphorus and lowering N:P significantly throughout the study period, although no intensive agricultural, no urban development, neither industrial activities take place in the watershed. This suggests nutrient recycling complex mechanisms, including nutrient release from the sediment–water interface as the main nutrient pathway when shallowness, at the same time as mineralization, increases. Outflows controlled nitrogen and phosphorus availability on the ecosystem while organic matter depended on river inflows. As on other subtropical aquatic ecosystems, nitrogen limited primary productivity (Spearman correlation R = 0.75) but chlorophyll-a seasonal pattern showed an irregular trend, prompting other no-nutrient related limitants. Shallowness induced a homogeneous temporal pattern on water quality. This observed temporal variability was mainly explained statistically by changes on solids (mineral and organic), chlorophyll-a and flows (62.3%). Annual sedimentation rates of total solids ranged from 11.73 to 16.29 kg m⁻² year⁻¹ with organic matter comprising around 30%. N:P ratio on sedimentation rates were as high as could be expected in a resuspension dominated ecosystem, and spatially inverse related with N:P ratio on bottom sediments. Distance from river inlet into the reservoir reveals a marked spatial heterogeneity on solid and nitrogen sedimentation, showing the system dependence on river inflows and supporting resuspension as the main phosphorus pathway. Accretion rates (2.19 ± 0.40 cm year⁻¹) were not related to hydrological variability but decreased with the distance to the river input. Total sediment accumulation (9,895 tons km⁻² year⁻¹) denotes siltation as other serious environmental problem in reservoirs but possibly not related with operational procedures.