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本文结合风向随高度变化基本原理,分析了风向随高度变化的影响因素,并通过实测地面风向与高空风向的比较,及其选用地面与高空风向分别计算电厂污染影响结果的对比,阐述了地面与高空风向的选用对计算高架源落地浓度产生的影响。 相似文献
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应用相关光谱仪和脉冲荧光分析仪流动监测区域大气SO2空间分布,探讨影响SO2分布的因素及负荷量与地面浓度的相关性。 相似文献
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以油田两处污油池为研究对象开展VOCs浓度监测,结合社会科学统计软件包(Statistical Package for the Social Science,SPSS)的Pearson相关分析对监测数据进行了分析;并利用地面浓度反推法核算污油池的VOCs排放源强,将结果与排放系数法计算值进行对比;最后对下风向不同距离采样线监测数据反推源强逐渐减小的原因进行了讨论。结果表明:污油池B各采样线监测数据间的相关性好,反推出的源强较为准确,VOCs年排放量为17.6 t/a;而污油池A监测数据间的相关性不佳,可能是由于其他无组织排放源相距较近影响所致,不适合直接应用地面浓度反推法计算其源强,需要结合其他排放源的情况进行修正。 相似文献
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以蜂窝陶瓷为载体,采用浸渍法制备了负载型铜铈复合金属氧化物催化剂.研究了n(Cu):n(Ce)、活性组分负载量、焙烧温度及O2气氛对催化剂分解N2O活性的影响.实验结果表明:CeO2的掺入可以明显提高CuO催化剂催化分解N2O的活性,当n(Cu):n(Ce)=1:1时,N2O分解率最高,反应温度为500 ℃时,N2O分解率达85.8%;对于n(Cu):n(Ce)=1:1的催化剂,最佳活性组分负载量为18%,最佳焙烧温度为500 ℃;当反应气氛中有O2存在时,会抑制催化分解N2O反应的进行. 相似文献
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以某炼油污水处理装置为例,根据其运行现状及恶臭气体的监测结果,使用卫生防护距离反推法、源强经验估算法以及地面浓度反推法3种方法对恶臭气体源强进行估算,并利用AERMOD模式进行预测,对预测值与监测值进行方差分析。实验结果表明:在监测得到的NH3和H2S的平均质量浓度分别为0.113,0.006 mg/m3的条件下,卫生防护距离反推法得到的NH3和H2S的无组织排放源强分别为2.395,0.127 kg/h。源强经验估算法得到的NH3和H2S的源强分别为0.255,0.080 kg/h,地面浓度反推法得到的NH3和H2S的源强分别为3.120,0.250 kg/h;源强经验估算法为炼油污水处理装置气体源强估算的最优方法。 相似文献
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磁载光催化剂Ba2+-TiO2/SiO2-NiFe2O4的制备及光催化性能 总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0
采用溶胶-凝胶法制备易于磁分离的Ba2+掺杂磁载光催化剂Ba2+-TiO2/SiO2-NiFe2O4,利用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、漫反射光谱等技术对催化剂进行了表征,并考察了催化剂的可见光催化性能.实验结果表明:Ba2+和SiO2-NiFe2O4的掺杂引起TiO2吸收边带红移,拓宽了TiO2的光响应范围,使催化剂的粒径减小,显著提高了催化剂的可见光催化活性;当催化剂焙烧温度为400 ℃、Ba2+掺杂量为0.008(以n(Ba2+):n(TiO2)计)时,对质量浓度为10 mg/L的亚甲基蓝溶液光催化降解150 min,亚甲基蓝溶液的脱色率可达93.0%;Ba22+-TiO2/SiO2-NiFe2O4在外加磁场作用下回收率在95%以上. 相似文献
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以Fe Cl_3·6H_2O和正硅酸四乙酯为原料,通过溶胶-凝胶法结合醇溶剂热法制备了Fe_3O_4@Si O_2复合气凝胶。采用XRD,FTIR,SEM,EDS等技术对Fe_3O_4@Si O_2的结构进行了表征。考察了Fe_3O_4@Si O_2对刚果红溶液的吸附性能。表征结果显示,Fe_3O_4@Si O_2复合气凝胶是由直径为10~20 nm的近球形颗粒组装而成的具有三维网络结构的纳米材料,比表面积为457.93 m~2/g,平均孔径为10.7 nm。在溶液p H为5、吸附时间为35 min的最佳工艺条件下,采用Fe_3O_4@Si O_2吸附处理质量浓度为10 mg/L的刚果红溶液,刚果红去除率为99.39%,此时溶液中刚果红的质量浓度仅为0.052 mg/L。Fe_3O_4@Si O_2复合气凝胶吸附刚果红后具有较好的解吸和再生能力。 相似文献
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以漂珠为载体制备了Ce掺杂Bi_2O_3可见光响应催化剂。采用XRD、FTIR、SEM和DRS等表征手段对制备的催化剂进行了结构和形貌研究。以4#燃料油配制模拟含油废水,研究了催化剂在可见光作用下的光催化性能。表征结果显示:Ce掺杂Bi_2O_3成功负载到漂珠载体上,以四方相β-Bi_2O_3、α-Bi_2O_3和Ce O_2的形式存在;与空白Bi_2O_3相比,Ce掺杂Bi_2O_3固有的边带吸收波长拓展至544 nm。实验结果表明,在500℃条件下焙烧3 h制备的催化剂光催化效率最高,光照70 min时,油去除率可达88%。 相似文献
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This paper is focused on reducing the emissions from the combustion of a waste mixture containing a high concentration of N2O. A rate model and an equilibrium model were used to predict gaseous emissions from the combustion of the mixture. The influences of temperature and methane were considered, and the experimental research was carried out in a tabular reactor and a pilot combustion furnace. The results showed that for the waste mixture, the combustion temperature should be in the range of 950-1100 degrees C and the gas residence time should be 2s or higher to reduce emissions. 相似文献
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Estimates of soil N2O and NOemissions at regional and country scales arehighly uncertain, because the most widely usedmethodologies are based on few data, they do notinclude all sources and do not account forspatial and seasonal variability. To improveunderstanding of the spatial distribution of soilNO and N2O emissions we have developedsimple multi-linear regression models based onpublished field studies from temperate climates.The models were applied to create spatialinventories at the 5 km2 scale of soil NOand N2O emissions for Great Britain. The N2O regression model described soilN2O emissions as a function of soil N input,soil water content, soil temperature and land useand provided an annual N2O emission of 128 kt N2O-N yr-1. Emission rates largerthan 12 kg N2O-N ha-1 yr-1 werecalculated for the high rainfall grassland areasin the west of Great Britain.Soil NO emissions were calculated using tworegression models, which described NO emissionsas a function of soil N input with and without afunction for the water filled pore space. Thetotal annual emissions from both methods, 66 and7 kt NO-N yr-1, respectively, span the rangeof previous estimates for Great Britain. 相似文献
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以海藻酸铝为主要包埋材料、纳米Al_2O_3为添加剂,包埋固定红平红球菌,制得纳米Al_2O_3固定化红平红球菌菌球,并将其用于苯酚的降解。表征结果显示:菌球内部包含丰富的菌丝体;内部孔径以中孔居多。实验结果表明:菌球的最优制备方案为0.05 g纳米Al_2O_3加入3 m L海藻酸钠溶液中、海藻酸钠质量分数6%、微生物包埋量0.5 m L/m L(以海藻酸钠溶液计)、Al_2(SO_4)_3质量分数3%;在初始苯酚质量浓度为400 mg/L、反应时间为24h、菌球加入量为8 g/L、反应p H为8.0、反应温度为30℃的条件下,菌球首次使用时可使苯酚完全降解,使用5次后的苯酚降解率仍达93%以上,具有良好的循环使用性。 相似文献
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鉴于PM2.5对人体的危害,为了提前预测PM2.5浓度值并及时通过降雨方法降低其浓度,开展了PM2.5浓度综合预测研究。通过对西安市一个空气质量监测点收集到观测数据分析与PM2.5浓度强相关的因素,随后综合考虑天气、温度、风力风向对PM2.5浓度观测值的影响,通过添加虚拟变量及因子分析提取因子的方法,将强相关因素、提取的天气、温度、风力风向因子与PM2.5浓度观测值进行回归预测,最终得到较好预测效果。 相似文献
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S. Reth W. Graf O. Gefke R. Schilling H. K. Seidlitz J. C. Munch 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2008,8(2):129-137
Despite many studies of the N2O emission, there is a lack of knowledge on the role of subsoil for N2O emission, particularly in sandy soils. To obtain insight into the entrapment, diffusion, convection and ebullition of N2O in the soil, the N2O concentration in the soil atmosphere was measured over a period of 1 year in 4 lysimeters (agricultural soil monoliths of
1 m2 × 2 m) at 30, 50, 80, 155, and 190 cm depth with altogether 86 gas probes. Additionally the N2O emission into the atmosphere was measured in 20 closed chambers at the soil surface. Concurrently the soil temperature and
soil water content were recorded in order to quantify their effects on the fate of N2O in the soil. Results of the continuous measurements between January and December 2006 were: N2O concentrations were highest in the deeper soil; maximum concentration was found at a depth of 80 cm, where the water content
was high and the gas transport reduced. The highest N2O concentration was recorded after ‘special events’ like snowmelt, heavy rain, fertilization, and grubbing. The combination
of fertilization and heavy rain led to an increase of up to 2,700 ppb in the subsoil. 相似文献