废水在线监测仪超标自动留样系统设计探索

本文简要分析了目前废水在线监测仪应用局限性以及目前废水自动采样器应用情况,进一步探索将在线监测仪和废水自动采样器进行联机运作,对在线监测仪超标数据进行留样比对的方案,并就水污染源监测自动化的推进作了初步探讨。     

重金属废水在线控制系统的设计和应用

通过对荷贝克、理研汽车两个项目点已建污染源在线监测系统运行状况的调研,并结合重金属废水在线监测系统建设标准和项目点实际情况,介绍了重金属废水在线监控及控制系统的现场端和上端平台。该系统在原有基础上增加了四方面的设计:采用污染因子数据、污水处理工况和在线监测设备系统运行状态相结合的三级监控方式,对上传的数据进行有效性判别;对未达标排放的污水进行监控和控制;对设备故障和超标废水进行报警;自动上传日志及报告。实现了对监测因子数据有效性识别和超标控制功能,提高了在线运营监控工作效率,实际运行效果良好。     

固定污染源烟气在线监测设备比对监测偏差原因浅析

通过对固定污染源烟气在线监测设备比对监测偏差造成不合格的几个典型问题的剖析,从固定污染源烟气在线监测设备数据有效性的判定开始,就污染源在线监测设备问题、人工比对监测方法不同及工艺上不同工况造成比对监测偏差不合格的原因进行分析,提出减少和避免类似问题发生的措施,使固定污染源烟气在线监测设备比对监测合格,能更好地服务于生产。     

大气重金属污染监测技术现状及展望

大气重金属污染对人和生态环境影响巨大,迫切需要进行大气重金属含量的监测;文章列举了国内外测定大气重金属的标准及几种常用的测量方法及仪器,并比较了各种方法的优缺点;介绍了国内外大气重金属监测网络现状;提出应积极开发大气重金属在线监测仪,进行日常监测。     

超声波明渠流量计的比对监测方法及存在问题

介绍了废水流量计的种类及工作原理,阐述了不同量水堰槽的构造及选用要求,以中国石油所属企业应用较为广泛的超声波明渠流量计为例对比对监测方法进行介绍。介绍了其测量原理,说明了比对监测方法及相关技术要求,指出企业流量计比对监测工作中存在:日常比对监测工作未开展、日常计量检定工作开展不好、流量计安装及运维管理方面存在的一些问题,提出制定流量计验收、日常比对监测、运维管理标准规范,企业废水排放口规范化改造,流量计规范安装等建议。     

基于自动监测系统的环境噪声监测与探讨

通过对环境噪声在线自动监测的实践和研究,提出噪声在线自动监测的自动化测量仪器性能、校准、在线自动监测子站的环境条件等基本要求,传声器位置、监测频次的一些技术指标;依据城市总体规划和环境噪声功能区分布特征进行优化选点的原则和方法,为环境噪声自动监测开展奠定技术基础;应用实例进行分析。该成果已经得到实际运用,对开展环境噪声自动监测具有一定的参考价值。     

水中重金属在线监测技术探讨

结合重金属在线监测的迫切需求,对重金属检测技术进行了介绍,对重金属在线分析采用的化学比色法和电化学方法作了较为详细的阐述,并对重金属在线监测技术未来的发展趋势进行了预测。对重金属在线监测产品而言,制度的完善是最亟待解决的问题。     

COD自动在线监测仪

由广州市怡文科技有限公司和中国环境监测总站开发的ＣＯＤ自动在线监测仪适用于工业废水、城市污水处理厂排放口和地表水的水质ＣＯＤ浓度指标和总量指标的监测。 主要技术内容 一、基本原理 ＥＳＴ—２００ｌＣＯＤ自动在线监测仪将 ＧＢ１１９１４－１９８９规定的重铬酸钾消解方法和《水和废水监测分析方法》中规定的库仑滴定方法,通过计算机技术结合起来,实现了测定过程的全自动化。可广泛用于厂矿企业排污口监测、城市污水处理厂进出口监测、江河湖泊水质监测和污水治理设施控制装置中。企业和政府可同步在线获得水质ＣＯＤ浓度、总…     

电镀工业园区废水集中处理技术

针对电镀废水的特点,将电镀工业园区各厂家废水进行分类后再分别排至污水处理站进行处理.并运用在线监测仪表对各类废水的水质、水量进行监测和记录,根据监测情况及时切换废水至各相应处理系统.根据分清分流、先预处理再综合处理的原则进行合理的细化分类,对不同的废水水质进行分类预处理,再集中中和沉淀,降低了运行费用.该处理技术具有工艺合理、操作简便、自动化程度高、经济合理等特点.     

YX-NH3-N型氨氮水质自动分析仪

由字星科技发展（深圳）有限公司开发的YX—NH3-N型氨氮水质自动分析仪，适用于废水排放点源、地表水等氨氮浓度的在线自动监测。     

电化学技术在重金属废水处理中应用

电化学法处理重金属废水，就是在直流电作用下，利用电极反应和重金属离子在溶液中的迁移来实现对废水的净化。电化学处理技术能实现废水的处理和重金属的资源化，降低废水处理成本，在重金属废水处理中有着较好的应用前景。     

Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: a review

Heavy metal pollution has become one of the most serious environmental problems today. The treatment of heavy metals is of special concern due to their recalcitrance and persistence in the environment. In recent years, various methods for heavy metal removal from wastewater have been extensively studied. This paper reviews the current methods that have been used to treat heavy metal wastewater and evaluates these techniques. These technologies include chemical precipitation, ion-exchange, adsorption, membrane filtration, coagulation-flocculation, flotation and electrochemical methods. About 185 published studies (1988-2010) are reviewed in this paper. It is evident from the literature survey articles that ion-exchange, adsorption and membrane filtration are the most frequently studied for the treatment of heavy metal wastewater.     

重金属废水处理技术研究进展

总结近年来重金属废水主要处理技术,指出重金属废水污染治理与重金属的回收利用相结合是未来治理的发展之路,也是技术开发与应用的方向。     

水体重金属污染的生态效应及生物监测

重金属污染是水体污染的一个重要方面,随着工业的发展和人口的不断增加,水体重金属污染已经成为全球的环境问题。本文主要介绍了水体重金属的污染现状以及对水生植物、水生动物和人体健康的危害,并探讨运用生物的敏感性来监测水体重金属污染的可行性,生物监测水体重金属污染有很好的发展前景。     

GROUND AND SURFACE WATER QUALITY IMPACTS OF NORTH CAROLINA SANITARY LANDFILLS1

ABSTRACT: Ground and surface water quality monitoring data from 71 municipal sanitary landfills in North Carolina were analyzed to determine the nature and extent of current contamination problems and identify any common characteristics associated with this contamination. A total of 322 surface and 411 ground water quality records were analyzed using the SAS data system. Almost all the landfill records included inorganic and heavy metal analyses while approximately half of the records also included organic analyses by CC/MS. Our analysis indicates that landfills are having measurable impacts on ground and surface water quality, but these impacts may not be as severe as is commonly assumed. Statistically significant increases were detected in the average concentrations in ground water and downstream surface water samples when compared to upstream surface water samples. The largest percentage increases were observed for zinc, turbidity, total organic carbon, conductivity, total dissolved solids, and lead. Violations of ground water quality standards for heavy metals and hazardous organic compounds were detected at 53 percent of the landfills where adequate data existed. The moat common heavy metal violations were for lead (18 percent), chromium (18 percent), zinc (6 percent), cadmium (6 percent), and arsenic (6 percent) (percentage of landfills violating shown in parenthesis). The organic compounds that appear to pose the greatest threat to ground water are the chlorinated solvents (8 percent), petroleum derived hydrocarbons (8 percent), and pesticides (5 percent). A comparison of monitoring data from sanitary landfills and secondary wastewater treatment plants suggests that the concentrations of heavy metal and organic pollutants discharged to surface waters from these two sources are similar.     

FGD脱硫废水处理工艺及其优化设计

阐述了脱硫废水中污染物的去除机理,介绍了化学-机械沉降去除脱硫废水中悬浮物、重金属元素等物质的废水处理工艺,并对脱硫废水处理系统的优化设计进行了重点论述。     

水体重金属污染治理技术研究进展

随着工业的发展和人口的不断增加,重金属废水排放量增加。有毒重金属对环境的严重威胁正逐渐成为全球性问题,不仅对环境造成危害,还威胁着人类的健康。介绍了水体重金属污染现状及危害,综述了目前国内外治理水体重金属污染主要技术的研究进展,指出了微生物治理重金属污染水体的良好应用前景。     

秦皇岛市污染源自动监控工作现状及对策

在对秦皇岛市污染源自动监控工作现状进行分析的基础上,结合秦皇岛市自动监控工作存在的问题,提出了建立和完善政策体系、严格自动监控设备市场准入制度、推进第三方机构运营管理和加大资金投入等可操作性的对策。     

Five-wheel framework for system-based monitoring of heavy metal pollution in rivers

Sectorial approach for monitoring heavy metal pollution in rivers has failed to report realistic pollution status and associated ecological and human health risks. The increasing spread of heavy metals from different sources and emerging risks to human and environmental health call for reexamining heavy metal pollution monitoring frameworks. Also, the sources, spread, and load of heavy metals in the environment have changed significantly over time, requiring consequent modification in the monitoring frameworks. Therefore, studies on heavy metal monitoring in rivers conducted in the last decade were evaluated for experimental designs, research frameworks, and data presentations. Most studies (∼99%) (i) lacked inclusiveness of all environmental compartments; (ii) focused on “one pollutant – one/two compartment” or sometimes “one pollutant – one compartment – one effect” approach; and (iii) remained “data-rich but information poor.” An ecological approach with integrative system thinking is proposed to develop a holistic approach for monitoring river pollution. It is visualized that heavy metal monitoring, risk analyses, and water management must incorporate tracking pollutants in different environmental compartments of a river (water, sediment, and floodplain/bank soil) and consider correlating it with riverbank land use. The systems-based pollution monitoring and assessment studies will reveal the critical factors that drive heavy metals pollutant movement in ecosystems and associated potential risks to the environment, wildlife, and humans. Also, water quality and pollution indexing tools would help better communicate complex pollution data and associated risks among all stakeholders. Therefore, integrating systems approaches in scientific- and policy-based tools would help sustainably manage the health of rivers, wildlife, and humans.     

COD自动监测技术及应用

结合COD标准测量方法,着重分析了常见的COD自动监测技术的原理及特点,指出了不同监测技术存在的优缺点及适用范围,为开展废水污染源监控提供借鉴。