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《环境保护与循环经济》2015,(12)
探讨了分光光度法测定叶绿素a的影响因素。采用玻璃纤维滤膜抽滤水样,以90%丙酮为提取剂研磨后浸泡提取地表水浮游植物中的叶绿素a,研究滤膜种类、样品保存条件、浸提时间对叶绿素a测定的影响。实验结果表明,丙酮研磨法提取效率、实验精密度及准确度良好。 相似文献
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水中浮游植物一般都含有叶绿素a,故我们可以直接测定叶绿素a的含量。以叶绿素a含量为基础,计算出水体营养状态指数(Trophic StateIndex),判断 相似文献
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基于Landsat8数据的东道海子叶绿素a的遥感反演和监测研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《新疆环境保护》2017,(3)
水质监测是水质评价与水污染防治的主要依据,而叶绿素a是进行水质监测最重要的参数之一。为了研究东道海子叶绿素a的多光谱波段分析技术,形成具有可操作性的中低分辨率多光谱水质遥感监测方法和技术,本文以Landsat8 OLI为数据源,研究叶绿素a的光谱特征,确定叶绿素a遥感定量监测的最佳波段,并结合地面实测数据,建立叶绿素a的遥感估测模型,同时对模型进行精度评价和应用;采用Carlson营养状态指数(TSI)方法,以叶绿素a浓度为指标,进行湖泊水体营养状况评价。结果表明:Landsat8 OLI数据的700 nm~800 nm波段适合用来监测内陆水体中叶绿素a浓度,尤其是叶绿素a浓度较高的水体;Landsat8数据11个波段中,前5个波段适合用来反演水体中的叶绿素a浓度,得到最佳的回归模型;从叶绿素a浓度及富营养化空间分布上看,东道海子中游区域的分布均明显大于上游和下游区域,总体上由南向北逐渐减小;从时间上看,东道海子水质呈好转趋势,中下游区域好转尤为明显。该研究结果对内陆湖泊水质持久监测提供有效手段。 相似文献
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通过亚甲蓝分光光度法测定水体中阴离子表面活性剂所用三氯甲烷体积的选择以及萃取方法、萃取时间的比较,从标准曲线、线性相关系数计算以及方法所测样品的准确度、精密度等方面进行了分析,为建立简便、快捷的测定方法提供了依据。 相似文献
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《国外农业环境保护》2010,(5):94-94
白洋淀夏季叶绿素a与环境因子的相关性研究
白洋淀 草型湖泊 叶绿素a 环境因子 相关性
采用回归统计方法分析白洋淀水产养殖区水质监测数据,研究白洋淀浅水草型湖泊夏季水体叶绿素a与环境因子的相关性,建立相应的回归方程。研究表明,白洋淀浅水草型湖泊水体叶绿素a含量与水温、pH、DO、COD、高锰酸盐指数呈显著正相关;叶绿素a与NH4^+-N、NO3^-/-N呈负相关,与NO2/-N无明显相关,与TN无显著正相关;而叶绿素a与TP呈一定的正相关,白洋淀浅水草型湖泊可能是磷限制性湖泊。 相似文献
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探讨气态氨染毒对吊兰生长的毒性作用,将生长状况相似的吊兰置于氨浓度为0.1mg/m^3、0.2mg/m^3、0.3mg/m^3、0.4mg/m^3的密闭容器中,以空气作为对照,测定叶片的叶绿素含量变化、叶绿素a/b比值变化、丙二醛含量变化、可溶性糖含量变化、脯氨酸含量变化以及叶片对有毒气体的形态学反应。结果表明,经处理的吊兰叶片外观损伤明显,叶绿素含量随气体浓度的增加而减小,叶绿素a/b比值减小,丙二醛和可溶性糖含量随气体浓度的升高而升高,脯氨酸含量随着气体浓度的增加而积累,气态氨对吊兰的毒理学影响明显。 相似文献
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本文讨论了一种采用酶标仪可同时快速测定水体中叶绿素a(chl a)和叶绿素b(chl b)的荧光光度法。该方法具备高通量(一批测样96个)、简便快速(100ms)、同时检测chl a和chl b的优点。实验范围内chl a和chl b的线性范围分别为0.7~4500μg/L和1.0~4500μg/L,检测限分别为0.04μg/L和0.06μg/L。该方法与传统可见分光光度法比较,其结果无显著性差异,检测限更低,在实际水样检测中得到较好应用。 相似文献
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土壤中石油类的监测方法 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
研究了测定土壤中石油类含量的方法,采用直接用CCl4从土壤中萃取石油类的方法,再借用HJ637—2012《水质石油类和动植物油类的测定红外分光光度法》测定萃取液CCl4中石油类的含量。该分析方法在土壤分析样品为10g时,确定了最佳的萃取剂体积50mL、萃取时间6h、萃取温度55℃等影响测量结果的因素。该方法不仅操作简单、经济、省时、省力,而且测定结果也较为接近真实数值,填补了企业环境保护管理工作中判定土壤污染严重程度时缺少监测分析方法的空白。 相似文献
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大蒜多糖具有众多的生理功能,有很高的经济价值。以大蒜为原料,采用超声辅助酶解法提取大蒜多糖,具有高速、高效、节能、环保等优点。在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验进一步优化提取工艺条件,确定影响提取率的主次因素分别为超声酶解时间、料液比、提取温度和提取时间。结果表明,先期酶解条件为温度50℃、pH5.O、酶用量5.0%,最佳提取条件为超声波酶解时间40min、料液比(m/V)1:3、提取温度85℃、提取时间50min,多糖提取率达72.64%。 相似文献
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Use of lignite in power generation has led to increasing environmental problems associated not only with gaseous emissions, but also with the disposal of ash residues. In particular, use of low quality coals with high ash content results in huge quantities of both fly and bottom ashes to be disposed of. A main problem related to coal ash disposal is the heavy metal content of the residue. In this regard, experimental results of numerous studies indicate that toxic trace metals may leach when fly and bottom ashes are in contact with water. In this study, fly and bottom ash samples obtained from thermal power plants, namely Yenikoy, Kemerkoy and Yatagan, located at the southwestern coast of Turkey, were subjected to toxicity tests such as the extraction (EP) and toxicity characteristic leaching (TCLP) procedures of the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the so-called 'Method A' extraction procedure of the American Society of Testing and Material (ASTM). The geochemical composition of ash samples showed variations depending on the coal burned in the plants. Furthermore, the EP, TCLP and ASTM toxicity tests showed variations such that the ash samples were classified as 'toxic waste' based on EP and TCLP results whereas they were classified as 'non-toxic' based on ASTM results, indicating test results are pH dependent. When the extraction results were compared with the chemical composition of water samples obtained in the vicinity of the thermal power plants, it was found that the results obtained using the ASTM procedure cannot be used to predict subsurface contamination whereas the EP and TCLP procedures can be used. 相似文献
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Copper flotation waste from copper production using a pyrometallurgical process contains toxic metals such as Cu, Zn, Co and Pb. Because of the presence of trace amounts of these highly toxic metals, copper flotation waste contributes to environmental pollution. In this study, the leaching characteristics of copper flotation waste from the Black Sea Copper Works in Samsun, Turkey have been investigated before and after vitrification. Samples obtained from the factory were subjected to toxicity tests such as the extraction procedure toxicity test (EP Tox), the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and the "method A" extraction procedure of the American Society of Testing and Materials. The leaching tests showed that the content of some elements in the waste before vitrification exceed the regulatory limits and cannot be disposed of in the present form. Therefore, a stabilization or inertization treatment is necessary prior to disposal. Vitrification was found to stabilize heavy metals in the copper flotation waste successfully and leaching of these metals was largely reduced. Therefore, vitrification can be an acceptable method for disposal of copper flotation waste. 相似文献
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从抽提叶绿素后的蚕沙中提取叶蛋白 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
本文分析了从抽提叶绿素后的蚕沙中提取叶蛋白的工艺条件。结果表明:以07%NaOH作提取剂,料比1∶7,于60℃搅拌提取6h,叶蛋白的提取率为8412%;再用(1+1)HCl调pH值为35,即得叶蛋白沉淀。按上述工艺条件,叶蛋白得率(以蚕沙干物计)为1009%,蛋白质含量为7668%,提高了蚕沙的综合利用价值 相似文献
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