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1.
A. G. Coon 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》1989,32(2):77-85
The present development plan system in Scotland began in 1975. Its origins and purpose are discussed. Progress in the submission and adoption/approval of local and structure plans and in reviewing these plans is outlined. Performance to date is assessed and means of improvement are suggested, in relation to timeliness, transparency, scope and quality. 相似文献
2.
Ross Henderson 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》1989,32(2):73-76
This paper provides an outline of the development planning and development control systems which operate in Scotland, illustrating that while they share common principles and objectives with the equivalent systems in England and Wales there are a number of important differences both in law and more especially in practice to be appreciated. Future changes are outlined both in relation to the statutory planning system as well as in the broader fields of housing, economic development and the countryside. 相似文献
3.
Levine RS Hughes MT Ryan Mather C Yanarella EJ 《Journal of environmental management》2008,87(2):305-316
The great majority of China's developing towns will be extensions of already existing villages. With the prospect of hundreds of millions of Chinese farmers projected to leave their villages to become industrial workers in new and expanded towns within the next few years, new challenges will be faced. As expansion and modernization progress, this development moves from the traditional village model that operates not far from resource sustainability to increasingly unsustainable patterns of commerce, urban development, and modern life. With such an unprecedented mass migration and transformation, how can Chinese culture survive? What is to become of the existing million plus agricultural villages? How can these massively unsustainable new industrial towns survive? In the European Commission sponsored research program SUCCESS, researchers worked from the scale of the Chinese village to find viable answers to these questions. 相似文献
4.
The historical and regional context to the development of a planning strategy for Barcelona is examined, providing an explanation of the obstacles to development of new towns in the region, and that of Riera de Caldes in particular. The paper analyses the reasons for the failure to develop the new town, and its subsequent reversion to rural uses and a place of pilgrimage for environmentalists. 相似文献
5.
Irene B. Wilson 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》1986,29(1):26-34
The new towns programme in France can be said to have run its course and now is an opportune moment to look back at the programme and review the context, content and progress. The paper gives a general context within which the new towns developed from the time of the Third National Plan, and subsequent policies aimed to stem migration to Paris. Progress of the new towns is discussed and some of the problems and successes are highlighted. 相似文献
6.
William Towers 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》1994,37(4):447-460
Patterns of sewage sludge disposal will undergo dramatic changes in the next decade because of recent EC legislation; land utilization is likely to increase as a result. The legislation as applied in the UK is discussed and the current situation in Scotland is outlined. A rule‐based risk assessment classification has been formulated and by applying it to the Scottish National Soils Inventory database, national and regional estimates of land availability for sludge utilization have been obtained. The relationship of these area estimates with the projected sludge volumes and the long‐term implications are discussed. In addition, the impact of potential policy changes are described. The need for incorporating objective strategic analyses of this type into the restructuring of the Scottish water industry is advocated. 相似文献
7.
Abstractions of surface and groundwater for irrigation in Scotland are currently subject to control in only two small catchments. Under the terms of the EU Water Framework Directive, it will be necessary to introduce new legislation to control abstractions elsewhere. To help in the development of appropriate policy for Scotland a study has been carried out to examine the significance of irrigation and the effectiveness of different types of control strategies in terms of the economics of potato cropping and stream hydrology in Scotland. This paper presents the findings of the hydrological study and highlights some of the spatial and temporal issues that need to be considered in the selection of control mechanisms, if they are to be successful in achieving objectives for environmental improvement.The study was focussed on two catchments in the east of Scotland, the Tyne and West Peffer. The effectiveness of several different abstraction control strategies was examined to see how stream flows in the catchment would be modified by their implementation. The results of the study demonstrated that the West Peffer catchment in particular is significantly affected by irrigation abstractions. Control mechanisms based on allowable monthly abstraction volumes and flow-based abstraction bans would be of considerable help in restoring stream flows to their natural levels, but would modify the hydrological regime in slightly different ways. A spatial analysis of stream flows demonstrated that implementation of controls based on a single monitoring point may be ineffective at maintaining acceptable levels of flow throughout the catchment and that this may require a tighter control at the monitoring point. 相似文献
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9.
Ulf Wiberg 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》1986,29(2):70-74
The computer and telecommunications technology has created new opportunities for developing interaction between offices and enterprises located far away from each other. Even if the market forces favour concentration to R & D centres in the big cities and in university towns, there are expectations that the distance over‐bridging qualities of the new technology can create development opportunities for sparsely populated peripheral areas. In this paper the interplay between the new technology and other important factors in the local and regional environment are discussed with the focus on both opportunities and restrictions. 相似文献
10.
Recent concerns surrounding the growth of mobility and associated increases in journey length and number of motorised journeys for an increasingly diverse pattern of trips have placed demands on the planning system in terms of the need to consider the land use-transport interaction. This paper first provides a review of relevant national planning policy in Scotland in particular. It then goes on to report findings from a recent survey which highlights the attitudes held by Scottish planning professionals to managing transport demand through land-use planning. The paper outlines the trade-offs encountered in practice between competing policy objectives. In Scotland there is no planning guidance equivalent to Planning Policy Guidance Note 13, which applies to England and Wales, around which there has been much debate on its impact on development control decisions and planning strategy. Draft guidance for Scotland was produced in 1996 for consultation and again in 1998, but at the time of writing has yet to be finalised. The findings from this study are timely in that they enable an assessment of the extent to which the planning system is being used to manage transport demand. Recent local government reorganisation in Scotland has resulted in significant changes to ways in which strategic planning and development control policy are likely to proceed. The paper focuses on the extent to which local authority policy emphasises the need to reduce travel through planning. 相似文献
11.
Out of the wilderness? Achieving sustainable development within Scottish national parks 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The introduction of national parks to Scotland represents a significant shift in the evolution of protected area management within the UK. Although the National Parks (Scotland) Act 2000 adopts the established national park aims of conservation and recreation, provisions are also made for advancing notions of sustainable development. This paper provides an assessment of the degree to which the Scottish national park model is likely to enable the realisation of multiple national park objectives. Five key areas are considered for analysis. These relate to management aims, institutional arrangements, implementation, democratic accountability and funding. The evaluation reveals that whilst management provisions have been established in accordance with international sustainable development guidelines, a number of concerns relating to operational processes remain. 相似文献
12.
13.
Recent concerns surrounding the growth of mobility and associated increases in journey length and number of motorised journeys for an increasingly diverse pattern of trips have placed demands on the planning system in terms of the need to consider the land use-transport interaction. This paper first provides a review of relevant national planning policy in Scotland in particular. It then goes on to report findings from a recent survey which highlights the attitudes held by Scottish planning professionals to managing transport demand through land-use planning. The paper outlines the trade-offs encountered in practice between competing policy objectives. In Scotland there is no planning guidance equivalent to Planning Policy Guidance Note 13, which applies to England and Wales, around which there has been much debate on its impact on development control decisions and planning strategy. Draft guidance for Scotland was produced in 1996 for consultation and again in 1998, but at the time of writing has yet to be finalised. The findings from this study are timely in that they enable an assessment of the extent to which the planning system is being used to manage transport demand. Recent local government reorganisation in Scotland has resulted in significant changes to ways in which strategic planning and development control policy are likely to proceed. The paper focuses on the extent to which local authority policy emphasises the need to reduce travel through planning. 相似文献
14.
近年来,随着国民经济的高速发展,资阳市农村场镇规模加速扩张,导致农村场镇环境问题日益突出。为保持农村场镇可持续发展,对资阳市重点场镇水环境质量进行了现状调查研究,在此基础上提出了资阳市重点场镇水环境污染防治对策建议。 相似文献
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16.
Anne-Michelle Slater Andrew Gemmell 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》1999,42(6):861-874
This study considers the planning system in Scotland as it relates to waste management. It examines local, structure and waste disposal plans in nine areas to identify links between the two systems. Initial findings reveal that statutory plans have limited influence on the location of new waste facilities and the reasons for this are explored. The European Union now requires the preparation of a National Waste Strategy (NWS) based on the principle of the waste hierarchy. The research concludes that effective waste management requires a close relationship between the NWS and development plans. 相似文献
17.
J. W. Delleur W. L. Miller H. R. Potter 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1976,12(4):759-777
ABSTRACT The patterns of land use and their relationship to urban water resources are examined from the point of view of population growth, consumer behavior, and preferences of price, income, and land use controls. The changes that need to be made in present social attitudes or water resources laws to satisfy the desired new developments are examined. Several implementation methods that are feasible and effective for changing urban development patterns are considered as well as models for assessing alternate development plans. The needs for research are outlined. 相似文献
18.
Sustainable Development and Corporate Environmental Responsibility: Evidence from Chinese Corporations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
China is currently experiencing rapid economic growth. The price of this, however, is environment pollution. Many Chinese
corporations are lacking in corporate environmental responsibility (CER). Therefore, this study employs data from Chinese
and multinational corporations to identify why Chinese corporations seldom engage in CER by investigating their motivations
and stakeholders. The results show that the most important reason why Chinese corporations do not engage in CER is the fact
that their competitive strategy of cost cutting makes them limited in resources, such as money, employees, information, or
added value. Further study implies that Chinese corporations face more survival pressure, though they are willing to take
environmental responsibilities as multinational corporations do. The results also imply that government and social surroundings
can play an important role to arouse CER consciousness of Chinese corporations in all stakeholders. Consequently, Chinese
government has a heavy duty to promote corporations to respond to their CER in the long run. 相似文献
19.
The British Government is proposing a new system of single‐tier development plans for England and Wales, with clear implications for the strategic level of planning. This paper considers a proposal by the Committee of Inquiry into Town and Country Planning set up by the Nuffield Foundation, for a revised strategic planning network which includes a ‘local strategy’. The paper considers the lessons to be drawn from the use of regional reports in Scotland since the early 1970s and concludes on a note of caution for the Government's proposals. 相似文献