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经国务院批准,由中国地震局、科技部、国防科工委、中国科学院和国家自然科学基金会联合举办的全国地震科技大会于2007年8月2313在北京召开,这是我国地震科技发展史上一次重要会议。参加会议的有地震系统各单位负责人,中央国家机关有关部委,各省、市、自治区负责人及计划单列市代表和各企事业、大专院校代表。 相似文献
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过娟秀 《防灾减灾工程学报》1990,(4)
<正> 华东地震地下水井建网十周年学术交流会于今年9月11日至15日在浙江宁波市举行,该区各省、市从事地下水观测预报的专家和观测员代表参加了会议;东北、华北、西北、西南和华南等兄弟井网的代表也应邀出席了会议;国家地震局科技监测司、国家地震局分析预报中心、地震出版社、《地震学刊》编辑部等有关部门的领导和同志亦应邀莅临大会。会议人数达85人。大会始终洋溢着热烈浓厚的学术气氛,是一次成功的学术会议。 相似文献
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易思敏 《防灾减灾工程学报》1990,(1)
<正> 江苏,山东、安徽、河南、河北、上海六省市地震宣传研讨会于1989年11月7日到10日在苏州举行.这次会议的目的是交流地震宣传工作经验,探索地震宣传工作的客观规律,推动地震宣传工作的开展,以提高民族防灾意识,减轻地震灾害。参加这次会议的除六省市从事地震宣传工作的同志外。还有辽宁省和湖北省地震局的代表。国家地震局, 相似文献
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贺楚儒 《防灾减灾工程学报》1984,(2)
<正> 中国地震学会前兆专业学术讨论会暨前兆委员会全体会议于三月十二日至十九日在我省镇江市举行。来自全国各省、市地震局和国家地震局各直属单位的117名代表,中国地震学会副理事长、国家地震局地球物理研究所副所长许绍燮同志,中国地震学会秘书长、国家地震局科技监测司副司长陈鑫联同志,中国地震学会前兆专业委员会主任委员、国家地震局分析预报中心主任梅世蓉同志出席了会议。江苏省地震局局长魏文园同志也应邀出席。 相似文献
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《防灾减灾工程学报》1983,(1)
<正> 根据有关安排,中美地震科技合作项目中关于地震记录缩微和交换方面来华工作的世界资料中心地球物理部负责人迈耶(H.Meyers)博士,于1982年10月18日至25日来南京等地参观访问,先后到上海、南京、泰安、济南等地参观了佘山、南京和泰安地震台, 相似文献
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Post-disaster recovery requires co-production; that is, the inputs of citizens are essential for successful community recovery to occur. Citizens contribute to post-disaster recovery by volunteering, taking on consultative and decision-making roles within their communities, and directly participating in post-disaster reconstruction efforts. Without meaning ful contributions from citizens—the intended beneficiaries—unilateral efforts by public officials and authorities will inevitably fail. This study shows that social entrepreneurs can thus play a critical role in spurring post-disaster recovery by facilitating co-production. It focuses on the role of social entrepreneurs after disasters and centres on one rural village, Giranchaur Namuna Basti in the Sindhupalchowk District of Nepal. Specifically, the study uses the case of the Dhurmus Suntali Foundation's Namuna village project in Giranchaur following the 7.8-magnitude earthquake that struck on 25 April 2015 to examine the pivotal role that social entrepreneurs assume in promoting voluntary activities, community engagement, and participation in post-disaster recovery efforts. 相似文献
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This paper represents one of the first attempts to analyse the many ways in which Facebook and Twitter were used during a tornado disaster. Comparisons between five randomly selected campus samples and a city of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, sample revealed that campus samples used Facebook and Twitter significantly more both before and after the tornado, but Facebook usage was not significantly different after the event. Furthermore, differences in social media usage and other forms of communication before the tornado were found for age, education, and years lived in Tuscaloosa. Generally, age and education were inversely proportionate to social media usage. Influences on shelter‐seeking actions varied between social media users and three random samples of non‐social media users; however, it appears that social media respondents were likely to be using a smartphone simultaneously to access warning polygon information, to receive text message alerts, and to listen or respond to environmental cues. 相似文献
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Disaster risk, climate change and international development: scope for, and challenges to, integration 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Reducing losses to weather-related disasters, meeting the Millennium Development Goals and wider human development objectives, and implementing a successful response to climate change are aims that can only be accomplished if they are undertaken in an integrated manner. Currently, policy responses to address each of these independently may be redundant or, at worst, conflicting. We believe that this conflict can be attributed primarily to a lack of interaction and institutional overlap among the three communities of practice. Differences in language, method and political relevance may also contribute to the intellectual divide. Thus, this paper seeks to review the theoretical and policy linkages among disaster risk reduction, climate change and development. It finds that not only does action within one realm affect capacity for action in the others, but also that there is much that can be learnt and shared between realms in order to ensure a move towards a path of integrated and more sustainable development. 相似文献
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Peter Loebach 《Disasters》2019,43(4):727-751
How livelihoods determine vulnerability to disasters is a recent topic of inquiry. Few quantitative works have been produced to date. The empirical analysis that follows draws on household‐level data available for Nicaragua, preceding and following Hurricane Mitch, a devastating Category 5 storm that made landfall in Central America in October 1998, to examine differentials in disaster recovery outcomes vis‐à‐vis household livelihood profiles. Livelihoods are distinguished according to economic sector along with ownership of productive means, a central mechanism of vulnerability under sociological labour frameworks. The findings indicate uneven recovery outcomes in relation to livelihoods. During the year immediately following the event, agricultural wage earners and agricultural owner‐producers experienced marked losses owing to the disaster, whereas business owners saw an improvement in condition. Analysis of long‐term recovery reveals that households reliant on agricultural wage employment exhibit lagged recovery relative to other livelihood profiles. The findings are discussed with respect to the dynamic pressures posed by contemporary developmental processes. 相似文献
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J. Brian Houston Megan K. Schraedley Mary E. Worley Katherine Reed Janet Saidi 《Disasters》2019,43(3):591-611
Natural and human‐caused disasters pose a significant risk to the health and well‐being of people. Journalists and news organisations can fulfil multiple roles related to disasters, ranging from providing warnings, assessing disaster mitigation and preparedness, and reporting on what occurs, to aiding long‐term recovery and fostering disaster resilience. This paper considers these possible functions of disaster journalism and draws on semi‐structured interviews with 24 journalists in the United States to understand better their approach to the discipline. A thematic analysis was employed, which resulted in the identification of five main themes and accompanying subthemes: (i) examining disaster mitigation and preparedness; (ii) facilitating recovery; (iii) self‐care and care of journalists; (iv) continued spread of social media; and (v) disaster journalism ethics. The paper concludes that disaster journalism done poorly can result in harm, but done well, it can be an essential instrument with respect to public disaster planning, management, response, and recovery. 相似文献
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This paper examines the extent to which economic development decreases a country's risk of experiencing climate‐related disasters as well as the societal impacts of those events. The paper proceeds from the underlying assumption that disasters are not inherently natural, but arise from the intersection of naturally‐occurring hazards within fragile environments. It uses data from the International Disaster Database (EM‐DAT), 1 representing country‐year‐level observations over the period 1980–2007. The study finds that low‐income countries are significantly more at risk of climate‐related disasters, even after controlling for exposure to climate hazards and other factors that may confound disaster reporting. Following the occurrence of a disaster, higher income generally diminishes a country's social vulnerability to such happenings, resulting in lower levels of mortality and morbidity. This implies that continued economic development may be a powerful tool for lessening social vulnerability to climate change. 相似文献
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《Environmental Hazards》2013,12(2):103-121
If community disaster resilience is to mature into a robust and lasting area of research, methodologically facilitated dialogue between empirical observations and theory is necessary. However, methodological and empirical research has outpaced community disaster resilience theory. To address this gap, a theoretical framework called WISC is presented. WISC is named after four constructs of the framework: well-being, identity, services, and capitals. WISC relates the two concepts of community and infrastructure, broadly defined, to the four constructs it is named after. The 4 constructs are respectively defined by 29 variables. The broadest interpretation of WISC is that infrastructure supports and facilitates components of community within human settlements. Infrastructure is represented as combinations of capitals and services; community is represented by connections of identity and well-being. Ultimately, well-being of a community is dependent on that community's collective capital. But these two constructs are mediated by the intervening constructs of identity and services. WISC goes beyond existing frameworks by addressing essential elements of theory building that have been overlooked in the literature, while synthesizing other frameworks and areas of knowledge. WISC provides a powerful foundation for posing and evaluating hypotheses, improving data collection efforts, and, most importantly, enabling critical theory building. 相似文献
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This paper examines the influence of a series of demographic and socioeconomic factors on preparedness outcomes for a sample of residents of the Rio Grande Valley in the southernmost part of Texas, United States. Data were collected as part of the regional Pulse of the Valley Study, a general social survey of south Texas residents conducted by the Center for Survey Research at the University of Texas‐Rio Grande Valley. The purpose of this investigation is to understand better the effects of ethnicity and income on preparedness within a region of the US that suffers from widespread poverty and limited infrastructure and is prone to flooding and hurricanes. Taken together, the results suggest that while age, disaster experience, and income are associated with preparedness, the relationship between preparedness and ethnicity remains complex. Furthermore, policymakers should consider initiatives that address the socioeconomic and other issues that shape preparedness for a disaster. 相似文献
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