地表水BOD_5的快速预测预报

地表水五日生化需氧量（ＢＯＤ５）的测试需要五天时间,分析周期较长。本文建立了ＢＯＤ５与高锰酸盐指数（ＣＯＤＭｎ）、ＢＯＤ５与溶解氧（ＤＯ）之间的直线回归方程,通过测定地表水的ＣＯＤＭｎ和ＤＯ可分别对地表水的ＢＯＤ５实现快速预测预报。现场使用溶解氧测定仪检测ＤＯ,可立即预报地表水的ＢＯＤ５。     

钻井污水化学需氧量的研究

针对石油工业钻井污水高化学需氧量（ＣＯＤ）严重超标的状况,对钻井污水的化学需氧量进行研究。分折测定了８种钻井液添加剂（ＰＡＮ、ＰＡＭＩ、ＨＰＡＮ、柴油、磺化沥青、ＸＹ２７、ＣＭＣ、ＦＡ３６７）的ＣＯＤ;重点探讨了钻井液添加剂对钻井污水ＣＯＤ的影响,同时对钻井污水ＣＯＤ处理效果的影响进行了研究。实验结果表明,不同钻井液添加剂对钻井污水的ＣＯＤ的影响程度各不相同;钻井污水中ＣＯＤ值严重超标的主要因素是钻井液添加剂;并且钻井液添加剂浓度与其对应的ＣＯＤ之间存在良好的一元线性关系。根据一元线性回归方程可较好地预测油田现场各钻井液添加剂对ＣＯＤ的影响,为解决钻井污水处理这一难题提供科学依据。     

石油化工工业区区域废水中COD_（Cr）和COD_（Mn）的相关性研究

连续同时监测天津市大港石化发展规划区区域废水中的ＣＯＤＣｒ和ＣＯＤＭｎ,并考查其线性相关性后得出ＣＯＤＣｒ＝４．９６ＣＯＤＭｎ＋１１６．３,相关系数为０．７５０。该回归方程适用于类似石油化工工业区区域废水中ＣＯＤＣｒ和ＣＯＤＭｎ间的换算     

PTA废水的TOC测定及其与COD的相关性

长期以来 ,国内一般采用ＢＯＤ5 和ＣＯＤ作为评价水体污染的综合指标。但是 ,仅测定ＢＯＤ5 和ＣＯＤ不能全面准确地反映废水中不同有机污染物质对水体的污染程度 ,而测定总有机碳 (ＴＯＣ)能够较好地反映之 ,并且可以通过专用仪器快速测定。1　ＴＯＣ的测定1 .1　主要仪器与试剂1 0 2 0型ＴＯＣ测定仪 ,美国Ｏ .Ｉ公司 ;1 0 5 0型自动进样器 ,美国Ｏ .Ｉ公司 ;无水碳酸钠 :ＧＲ ;苯二甲酸氢钾 :ＧＲ ;氢氧化钠 :ＡＲ ;85 %磷酸 ;36%盐酸。1 2　方法原理ＴＯＣ测定采用高温燃烧—非分散红外吸收法将样品注入燃烧炉 ,在温度 680℃～ 95 0℃…     

缫丝废水化学耗氧量与生化需氧量相关性探讨

根据缫丝行业废水ＣＯＤＣｒ与ＢＯＤ５的测定结果，通过研究它们之间的相关性，建立了相关方程式，从而以ＣＯＤｃｒ值预测预报ＢＯＤ５值，大大简化了分析测试工作，对控制该行业污染及其治理，加强监督管理起到积极作用。     

废水COD_(Cr)排污总量控制监测

为实现我国对ＣＯＤＣｒ排污总量控制,提出了ＣＯＤＣｒ现场监测的实施方法及总量监测方法。各排污单位必须配备污水流量计、自动采样器或ＣＯＤＣｒ在线连续自动监测仪等,对污水中ＣＯＤＣｒ的排放总量实施监测。同时着重介绍了ＣＯＤＣｒ在线连续自动监测仪。     

自制COD消解液

美国ＨＡＣＨ公司ＣＯＤ测定仪由ＣＯＤ消解反应器、消解液及ＤＲ１００专用比色计构成。此法具有快速、节省试剂、防止低沸点有机物挥发和省去冷凝等优点。但原装消解液价格昂贵,今试用自配消解液代替原装消解液,以降低成本。１试验１１主要仪器和试剂ＨＡＣＨ４５６...     

BOD5稀释倍数的探讨

对稀释法测定生化需氧量（ＢＯＤ５）稀释倍数探讨如下。１已知ＣＯＤ值对于初次测定成分复杂的工业废水,若已知ＣＯＤ（Ｃ）值,其α（ＢＯＤ５／ＣＯＤ）一般在０２～０８之间,则ＢＯＤ５＝（０２～０８）ＣＯＤ根据《水和废水监测分析方法（第３版）》,ＢＯ...     

医院污水中BOD测定稀释倍数的探讨

探讨了一种简便的医院污水ＢＯＤ测定中样品稀释倍数的推算方法。首先测定ＣＯＤＣｒ值，由ＣＯＤＣｒ值除以系数８，即获得稀释倍数Ｃ＝ＣＯＤＣｒ／８。结果表明，该法仅需配制一个稀释比，省时省力，并具有可靠性好，准确度高，适应性强等优点。适用于各种医院污水中ＢＯＤ的分析监测。     

废水的BOD_5测定中根据BOD_5／COD_（cr）值确定稀释比的一种方法

废水的ＢＯＤ５测定中取稀释比是一个很重要的问题。本文根据数学推导得出ＢＯＤ５测定中取稀释比的一种方法。ＢＯＤ５／ＣＯＤｃｒ值在０．０５－０．１,０．１－０．３,０．３－０．６,０．６－１．０四个范围内其稀释比ｆ２可对应取５５／ＣＯＤｃｒ、２２／ＣＯＤｃｒ、９／ＣＯＤｃｒ、５／ＣＯＤｃｒ。     

浅谈TOC与CODCr的关系

介绍了TOC和CODCr的含义,比较了TOC与CODCr测定方法、使用仪器的不同和各自的优缺点,并从理论上和实际水样测定中论述了TOC和CODCr的相关性。对于不同的废水,TOC 与CODCr的相关性不一样,必须先实验求出二者之间的关系。     

Performance of an electrochemical COD (chemical oxygen demand) sensor with an electrode-surface grinding unit

An electrochemical COD (chemical oxygen demand) sensor using an electrode-surface grinding unit was investigated. The electrolyzing (oxidizing) action of copper on an organic species was used as the basis of the COD measuring sensor. Using a simple three-electrode cell and a surface grinding unit, the organic species is activated by the catalytic action of copper and oxidized at a working electrode, poised at a positive potential. When synthetic wastewater was fed into the system, the measured Coulombic yields were found to be dependent on the COD of the synthetic wastewater. A linear correlation between the Coulombic yields and the COD of the synthetic wastewater was established (10-1000 mg L(-1)) when the electrode-surface grinding procedure was activated briefly at 8 h intervals. When various kinds of wastewater samples obtained from various sewage treatment plants were measured, linear correlations (r(2)> or = 0.92) between the measured EOD (electrochemical oxygen demand) value and COD of the samples were observed. At a practical wastewater treatment plant, the measurement system was successfully operated with high accuracy and good stability over 3 months. These experimental results show that the application of the measurement system would be a rapid and practical method for the determination of COD in water industries.     

COD快速容量分析

本文以污水分析常用的二种COD分析方法,重铬酸钾法和库仑法为基础,研究了它们的优缺点。取长补短,调整了试剂用量,建立了一种消化时间短、滴定方便的快速、准确的测定新方法。     

Measurement of wastewater treatment efficiency by fluorescence and UV absorbance

The degree of chemical treatment in terms of removal of organic matter from different wastewaters has been investigated by employing potassium ferrate (K₂FeO₄) and ozone in various combinations. The study was performed in both the batch and the continuous flow systems. The treatment efficiency was determined through three different methods, i.e., chemical oxygen demand (COD), fluorescence and ultraviolet (UV) absorption. Fluorescence and UV absorption techniques were employed due to their specificity in measurement of humic substances, aromatic compounds and heterocyclic systems, whereas COD is a general parameter for the estimation of total organic matter. Fluorescence and UV absorbance values were correlated with respective COD values.Abdul Bari is with the Department of ChemistryShaukat Farooq is with the Department of Civil Engineering     

废水中有机污染指标监测方法的选择

综合考察了废水中各种有机污染物综合指标的测试对象、干扰、准确度、精确度及其分析测试技术等各种因素 ,对实现其自动化连续测量的影响。针对某些监测技术产生的严重二次污染问题 ,提出了绿色 (清洁 )监测技术的概念。文章认为在重点废水污染源安装在线监测系统实行总量控制的过程中 ,应避免使用造成严重二次污染的 CODCr在线监测仪 ,而应当采用臭氧氧化法在线监测仪 ,或其他综合指标 ,如 TOC     

水体中TOC与COD相关性研究

针对不同地区的地表水、生活污水和工业废水的TOC和COD进行了测试,对测定值进行线性回归分析。结果表明,不同类型的水体其TOC与COD均具有一定的相关性,尤其是生活污水和工业废水,TOC与COD相关性比较显著,在一定条件下可由测定的TOC值推算出COD值。     

Cu 2+ 对分光光度法测定水样中COD的影响

通过测定Cr^3＋、Cr2O7^2-和Cu^2＋吸收曲线及标准水样的COD值,研究了Cu^2＋对分光光度法测定COD的影响。结果表明,可改变吸收波长和量程消除较高质量浓度Cu^2＋对COD测定值产生的明显影响。当水样Cu^2＋质量浓度超过400mg／L时,须将水样稀释后采用低量程法进行测定。     

Measurement of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in natural water samples by flow injection ozonation chemiluminescence (FI-CL) technique

COD determination based on ozone oxidation of alpha-naphthol combined with UV radiation (UV-O3) has been studied in the present work. Utilizing the phenomenon that luminol can be oxidized by the dissolved ozone to produce luminescence, we have established a new method of utilizing aqueous chemiluminescence to determine COD. The kinetics and mechanism of the ozonation reaction of alpha-naphthol have been investigated in order to gain a better understanding of the general applicability and limitation of the technique. Real world samples were analyzed and the results show that the relative error of COD(FI-CL) measurement for water samples was < 10%. Compared with the results of the conventional potassium permanganate method, the COD values of the FI-CL method are consistently higher (0-20% relative). The higher COD values suggest that the ozone-UV system is a more effective oxidation technique.     

化学需氧量和总有机碳在水质在线监测中的比较

化学需氧量(COD)和总有机碳(TOC)是定量表示水体受有机物污染的2个重要代表性指标。传统的COD在线监测方法在监测有机污染物方面存在一定的挑战,系统比较了COD和TOC在线监测方法在特殊水质中的应用。结果显示:TOC对难氧化有机物的氧化效率高达98%,高氯离子和无机还原性离子对TOC测量误差影响分别约为10%和7%。TOC可更直接、更准确地反映出水体受有机物污染的情况,最后对TOC指标在水质在线监测中的推广应用提出建议。