滇池流域套作玉米对蔬菜农田地表径流污染流失特征的影响

采用田间小区试验,在自然降雨条件下,对滇池流域蔬菜(豌豆、西葫芦、马铃薯)单作与玉米套作蔬菜两种种植模式下农田地表径流的产生量与径流污染(TN、TP、COD、SS)的浓度进行了分析研究.结果表明:蔬菜单作和玉米套作蔬菜种植模式下地表径流量分别为94.7～128.9m·3hm-2和52.6～76.4m·3hm-2.蔬菜单作种植模式下地表径流中TN、TP、COD和SS浓度分别为10.6～35.8、0.79～3.23、54.6～224.1和35.0～478.3mg·L-1,流失量分别为1.74～2.39、0.18～0.26、7.71～10.59和10.4～21.7kg·hm-2;地表径流TP流失量以马铃薯单作模式最大,其余径流污染流失量以豌豆单作种植模式最大.玉米与蔬菜套作种植模式下地表径流中TN、TP、COD和SS浓度分别为11.7～23.8、0.23～3.54、26.5～222.1和49.7～541.3mg·L-1,流失量分别为0.82～1.22、0.10～0.16、4.17～6.03和8.71～12.6kg·hm-2;地表径流污染流失量均以玉米套作西葫芦种植模式最小.玉米套作蔬菜种植模式显著减少蔬菜农田地表径流量和径流污染流失,对地表径流量、地表径流TN、TP、COD和SS流失量的最大削减率分别为44.5%、53.1%、46.4%、52.1%和42.2%.     

滇池流域农田氮、磷肥施用现状与评价

2001年6月至9月分别对流域内晋宁，呈贡，西山，官渡和嵩明调查了365家农户有关化肥施用情况，调查分析和计算表明，每年从种植业流失的化肥中纯氮（N）达2575t，纯磷（P）达218t，蔬菜和花卉地的单位面积氮流失量是水田和旱地的7-20倍。菜地年每公顷流失氮204kg，水田的氮流失量最低，平均每公顷每年流失10kg。磷的流失也以蔬菜，花卉地为最高，蔬菜和花卉地的单位面积磷流失量是水田和旱地的9-10倍。研究结果证明，大量的氮，磷化肥施用，通过地表径流和地下水流入滇池是造成其水体富营养化的重要原因之一^[6]，随着农业和农村经济的发展，蔬菜，花卉等经济作物在滇池流域的种植面积将会逐年扩大，因氮，磷化肥的施用面造成的氮，磷流失量将会不断加大，为了实现减少氮，磷化肥对滇池的污染，应积极推广精确施肥，平衡施肥等科学施肥技术，提高化肥利用率，减少化肥流失。增施有机肥，降低化肥用量，同时提高农村居民的环境意识，加强环境管理，依法保护农村环境，控制农业面源污染。     

武汉市郊典型利用方式下土壤磷素特征及流失风险分析

当前地表水体环境问题日益突出,磷素作为水体富营养化的关键控制因子而备受关注。本研究通过实地采样分析,研究了武汉市郊区典型利用方式下土壤磷素形态剂含量特征,并分析了其流失风险。结果表明:不同利用方式下的土壤磷素水平差异较大,各形态磷水平排序是蔬菜地稻田常规旱地苗圃地;武汉城郊0～20cm表层土壤全磷(TP)含量为255.4～1763.1mg/kg,平均值为975.4mg/kg;土壤有效磷(Olsen-P)为1.3～164.2mg/kg,平均值为56.4mg/kg;藻类有效磷(NaOH-P)含量为33.4～910.7mg/kg,平均值为204.0mg/kg;土壤Olsen-P为56.0mg/kg可作为武汉市郊区土壤磷素流失的临界值,且超过该临界值的土样有34.9%,其中有93.3%采自蔬菜地,表明各利用方式下蔬菜地土壤磷素流失风险最高。     

四川盆地紫色丘陵区不同种植模式下氮流失特征

氮素流失是农业面源污染的重要来源.为了解四川盆地紫色丘陵区不同种植模式下氮的流失特征,以四川盆地紫色丘陵区4种典型耕作模式紫云英-水稻(M1)、空地-大豆-空地(M2)、空地-生姜(M3)、空地-玉米+红薯(M4)等为研究对象,研究了4种模式从2008年12月到2009年8月共8次有效降雨中氮通过地表径流和渗透水的流失特征.研究期间,4种模式下氮流失量随着降雨量的增加而增加,总氮流失量表现为:M3((30.388±2.86)kg·hm-2)M4((17.118±1.677)kg·hm-2)M2((10.987±1.108)kg·hm-2)M1((6.090±1.051)kg·hm-2).相对于其它模式,M4模式下地表径流量和渗透水量在研究期间均最大,但M3模式下氮通过地表径流和渗透水的流失量最大.另外,非生长季节4个模式下氮流失量相对较低且各模式间差别较小,生长季节4个模式间可溶性氮和总氮通过地表径流和渗透水流失量均表现为M3M4M2M1.4种种植模式下氮通过地表径流和渗透水的流失形态均以硝态氮为主.渗透水中铵态氮和可溶性总氮占总氮的比例高于地表径流.这些结果为该区区域合理选择耕作模式、优化耕作方式、加强管理以控制区域农业面源污染提供了一定的基础数据.     

自然降雨下蔬菜地土壤侵蚀及氮素流失特征

为探究自然降雨下露天蔬菜地土壤侵蚀及氮素养分流失特征,基于径流小区原位观测试验,设置叶菜类和果菜类这2种处理,测定次降雨下不同类型蔬菜地坡面地表径流、侵蚀及其氮素(铵态氮和硝态氮)流失量,探讨露天蔬菜种植坡面土壤侵蚀及氮素流失特征及影响因素.结果表明：(1)果菜类(茄子-辣椒)蔬菜地的地表径流、侵蚀量及铵态氮、硝态氮流失量显著高于叶菜类(油麦菜-红薯叶),是后者的1.27～2.00倍.不同处理下第二季蔬菜坡面地表径流、侵蚀及其铵态氮和硝态氮流失占总流失量的50.86%～68.83%,是第一季蔬菜的1.03～2.04倍.蔬菜地坡面地表径流、侵蚀及其氮素流失集中在6月和7月,地表径流和侵蚀泥沙中氮素主要以地表径流中的硝态氮形式流失.(2)次降雨下,不同处理蔬菜地坡面地表径流、侵蚀及其养分流失在蔬菜生长期内呈波动变化,且流失量主要集中在几场典型降雨.整体上不同处理下第一季蔬菜地表径流和侵蚀泥沙中硝态氮和铵态氮流失量及含量低于第二季蔬菜,果菜类地表径流、侵蚀量及铵态氮、硝态氮流失量高于叶菜类.(3)蔬菜地坡面地表径流、侵蚀及其铵态氮和硝态氮流失量与降雨量和最大30 min降雨强度等降雨参数呈极...     

官厅水库周边不同土地利用方式下氮、磷非点源污染模拟研究

利用小型人工降雨模拟器 ,选择官厅水库周边 4种典型土地利用类型 ,通过进行天然大暴雨实验 ,研究了氮、磷随暴雨径流及径流沉积物的迁移过程 ,同时估算了总氮、总磷在不同土地利用方式下的流失速率 .研究结果表明 ,在相同降雨条件下 ,4种土地利用类型的产流量和沉积物产生量大小顺序均为 :不施肥菜地 >葡萄果园 >施肥玉米地 >海棠果园 ,产流量和沉积物流失量成显著正相关 .氮、磷流失速率和流失量随土地利用类型的不同表现出明显差异 ,地表径流水相TN、TP的流失大小顺序为葡萄果园 >施肥玉米地 >海棠果园 >不施肥菜地 ,其中大部分是以悬浮颗粒态形式流失 .单位面积表层 10cm土壤氮、磷流失量分别高达 17.5 3～ 41 14g·m- 2 和 1 99～ 14 2 5g·m- 2 ,其中随径流沉积物相迁移的氮、磷占绝大部分 .地表径流水相氮、磷的流失速率分别在 2 5 9～ 4 47mg·m- 2 ·min- 1 和 0 43～ 0 63mg·m- 2 ·min- 1 之间 ,而径流沉积物相氮、磷流失速率则分别高达 3 86 42～ 13 61 76mg·m- 2 ·min- 1 和 2 10 5 6～ 5 3 0 19mg·m- 2 ·min- 1 .     

施磷对太湖流域典型蔬菜地磷素流失的影响

采用人工模拟降雨的方法,通过野外径流小区试验,研究不同施磷水平(0,30,75,150kg/hm²)下,典型蔬菜地磷素径流流失的特征、流失形态及流失量.结果表明,不同形态磷素随降雨-径流过程的变化趋势基本一致,即初始阶段浓度大且下降速度快,,大约产生径流20min后,浓度下降变得缓慢,直到最后趋于稳定;在整个降雨-径流过程中,颗粒态磷(PP)占总磷(TP)72%～87%,是土壤磷素径流流失的主要形态.在不同施磷水平下,不同形态磷的径流平均浓度由大到小的顺序是150,75,30,0kg/hm2.利用Duncan新复极差法进行多重比较,发现在不同施磷处理下(0,30,75,150kg/hm²)下,随着施磷量的增加,径流中溶解态总磷(DTP)、溶解态无机磷(DIP)、PP和TP的流失量增加,而且增加的趋势与施磷量呈显著线性相关关系.     

南太湖区域水浆管理技术与稻田磷素流失控制的研究

南太湖区域内稻田磷素的流失浓度及负荷与田间水浆管理技术密切相关.本研究在南太湖区域农业生态与植物保护监测站(余杭区)建立中长期试验基地,重点探索稻田养分管理技术.节水灌溉模式.降水资源高效利用的组合技术控制下水田磷素流失的过程及其截流机制.结果表明,不同的磷肥施用水平下田表水磷素浓度随时间的降低而降低.随之趋于背景含量水平.传统灌溉总磷负荷为0.046-3.569 kg·hm-2节水灌溉总磷负荷为0.023-2.602 kg·hm-2,传统灌溉比节水灌溉具有更高的磷素流失风险.本次试验提出了稻田水分"零排放"的技术模式.实现了传统灌溉总磷净负荷-0.102 kg·hm-2,节水灌溉总磷净负荷为-0.078 kg·hm-2,传统灌溉的截流磷素量高于节水灌溉模式.在无排水的前提下,稻田在P循环的"源-汇"交替中扮演"汇"的角色,实现了稻田圈截流磷素的生态作用.考虑多变的天气情况,节水灌溉模式在截流磷素方面将发挥更大的作用.可有效地使稻田向太湖的年磷素输出量最小化.     

不同水分管理方式下水稻生长季N_2O排放量估算:模型验证和输入参数检验

利用2005～2007年我国稻田N2O排放通量的田间原位测定资料和国际上其它地区稻田N2O报道结果,对作者建立的不同水分管理方式下水稻生长季N2O排放估算模型进行了验证.结果表明,持续淹水稻田N2O排放的拟合结果与其他地区淹水稻田N2O通量值相一致.淹水-烤田-淹水的水分管理方式下,稻田N2O排放的拟合值接近于国际上同类研究结果.淹水-烤田-淹水-湿润灌溉的水分管理方式下,稻田N2O排放的估算模型对田间原位测定资料有很好的适切性.为了检验模型输入参数的可信度,将本研究建立的有关我国水稻生产的相关资料数据库与以往研究报道结果进行了比较,结果表明,两者具有高度的一致性.数据库资料表明,在20世纪50～70年代间,持续淹水稻田占20%～25%,大约75%～80%的稻田采用淹水-烤田-淹水的水分管理方式.在20世纪80～90年代间,采用持续淹水,淹水-烤田-淹水和淹水-烤田-淹水-湿润灌溉水分管理方式的稻田分别约占12%～16%、77%和7%～12%.20世纪50年代水稻生长季平均每季总施氮量为87.49 kg·hm-2,而90年代平均为224.64 kg·hm-2.其中,化学氮肥的施用量从20世纪50年代的37.4 kg·hm-2增加到了90年代的198.8 kg·hm-2,分别占水稻生长季氮输入总量的43%和88%.在20世纪50～70年代间有机氮的输入量相对比较稳定,平均变幅在45.2～48.2 kg·hm-2之间,随后逐步降低,有机肥料氮占氮输入总量的比例从20世纪50年代的52%降低到了90年代的9%.作物残体N输入量从20世纪50年代的4.9 kg·hm-2增加到了80年代的6.3 kg·hm-2.20世纪50～70年代水稻生长季氮肥施用量具明显的空间变异性,而80～90年代间其空间变异较小.模型验证和输入参数检验的结果表明,该模型能较好地模拟我国不同水分管理方式下的稻田N2O直接排放量.     

施肥和秸秆覆盖对成都平原区农田氮和磷流失的影响

近年来由于氮、磷肥料过量施用造成了严重的污染问题和富营养化现象,而且这种污染问题在稻田区域更加明显.因此,采用田间小区试验方法,通过对2018年和2019年田间实地监测,在自然降雨条件下,对成都平原区不同施肥量以及秸秆覆盖对湿沉降和地表径流氮和磷的影响进行研究.结果表明,湿沉降氮养分主要以铵态氮存在,磷养分主要以可溶性总磷存在,氮和磷沉降主要发生在6～8月这3个月.地表径流量与降雨量呈正比,而地表径流氮养分浓度与降雨量呈反比.在2018年和2019年,增氮处理TR3总氮流失量分别为4.75 kg·hm^-2和2.68 kg·hm^-2,比常规处理TR1流失量增加26.73%和43.32%,是流失量最高的处理;减氮处理TR4总氮流失量分别为2.91 kg·hm^-2和1.37 kg·hm^-2,比常规处理TR1流失量降低了36.33%和26.74%,是流失量最小的处理.优化施肥处理TR2和减氮处理TR4能够有效降低地表径流磷素的流失,集中高强度降雨会降低地表径流总磷中颗粒态磷的含量.氮养分的流失主要集中于7～...     

Effects of two sludge application on fractionation and phytotoxicity of zinc and copper in the soil

The potential harm of heavy metals is a primary concern in application of sludge to the agricultural land. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of two sludges on fractionation of Zn and Cu in soil and their phytotoxicity to pakchoi. The loamy soil was mixed with 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% (by weight) of digested sewage sludge (SS) and composted sludge (SC). The additions of both sludges caused a significant raise in all fractions, resulting in that exchangeable (EXCH) and organic bound (OM) became predominance of Zn and organic bound Cu occupied the largest portion. There was more available amount of Zn and Cu in SS treatments than SC treatments. During the pot experiment, the concentration of Zn in EXCH, carbonate (CAR) and OM and Cu in EXCH and OM fractions decreased in all treatments, so their bioavailability reduced. Germination rate and plant biomass decreased when the addition rate was high and the best yield appeared in 20% mixtures at the harvest of pakchoi. The two sludges increased tissue contents of Zn and Cu especially in the SS treatments. Zn in pakchoi was not only in relationship to ΔEXCH and ΔCAR forms but also in ΔOM forms in the sludge-soil mixtures. Tissue content of Cu in pakchoi grown on SC-soils could not be predicted by ΔEXCH. These correlation rates between Zn and Cu accumulation in pakchoi and variation of different fractions increased with time, which might indicate that sludges represented stronger impacts on the plant in long-term land application.     

Intraspecific differences in effects of co-contamination of cadmium and

A hydroponic experiment was carried out to study intraspecific differences in the effects of different concentrations of cadmium (Cd)(0-10 mg/L) and arsenate (As(V)) (0-8 mg/L) on the growth parameters and accumulation of Cd and As in six wheat varieties Jing-9428, Duokang-1, Jingdong-11, Jing-411, Jingdong-8 and Zhongmai-8. The endpoints of wheat seedlings, including seed germination,biomass, root length and shoot height, decreased with increasing the Cd and As concentrations. Significant differences in seed germination, biomass, root length, shoot height and the accumulation of Cd and As were observed between the treatments and among the varieties (p ＜ 0.05). The lethal dosage 50% were about 20, 80, 60, 60, 80 and 20 mg As/L for Jing-9428, Duokang-1, Jingdong-11,Jing-411, Jingdong-8 and Zhongmai-8, respectively, and the corresponding values for Cd were about 30, 80, 20, 40, 60 and 10 mg Cd/L, respectively. Among the six varieties, Duokang-1 was found to be the most resistant to Cd and As toxicity, and Zhongmai-8 was the most sensitive to Cd and As co-contamination. The resistance of the six varieties was found dependant on the seedling uptake of Cd and As. Duokang-1 was the most suitable for cultivation in Cd and As co-contaminated soils.     

EDTA-enhanced phytoremediation of lead contaminated soil by Bidens maximowicziana

Phytoremediation is a potential cleanup technology for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soils.Bidens maximowicziana is a new Pb hyperaccumulator,which not only has remarkable tolerance to Pb but also extraordinary accumulation capacity for Pb.The maximum Pb concentration was 1509.3 mg/kg in roots and 2164.7 mg/kg in overground tissues.The Pb distribution order in the B. maximowicziana was:leaf>stem>root.The effect of amendments on phytoremediation was also studied.The mobility of soil Pb and the Pb concentrations in plants were both increased by EDTA application.Compared with CK(control check),EDTA application promoted translocation of Pb to overground parts of the plant.The Pb concentrations in overground parts of plants was increased from 24.23-680.56 mg/kg to 29.07-1905.57 mg/kg.This research demonstrated that B.maximowicziana appeared to be suitable for phytoremediation of Pb contaminated soil,especially,combination with EDTA.     

Distribution and ecological effect of mercury in Laogang landfill, Shanghai, China

Laogang landfill near Shanghai is the largest landfill in China, and receives about 10000 t of daily garbage per day, Samples of topsoil and plants were analyzed to evaluate mercury pollution from the landfill. For topsoil samples, there were significant correlations among total mercury （HgT）, combinative mercury （Hgc） and gaseous mercury （HgG）, and content of total organic carbon （TOC）, but, no significantly relationship was found between Hg content and filling time. Hg content changes in vertical profiles with time showed that the average Hgv of profiles 1992, 1996, and 2000 was similar, but their average HgG was quite different. HgT was significantly correlated with Hgc in profile 1992 and 2000, and Hgv was significantly correlated with Hg6 in profile 1996. HgG/Hgv ratio in profile samples decreased in the order of （HgG,/HgT）1992〉（HgG/HgT）1996〉〉（HgG/HgT）2000. A simple outline of Hg release in landfill could be drawn： with increasing of filling time, degradation undergoes different biodegradation, accordingly, gaseous mercury goes through small, more, and small proportion to total mercury. Distribution of Hg in plants was inhomogeneous, following the order of leaf〉root〉stem. The highest value of leaf may be associated with higher atmospheric Hg from landfill. Ligneous plants （e.g. Phyllostachys glanca, Prunus salicina and Ligustrum lucidum） are capable of enriching more Hg than herbaceous plants.     

Toxic effects of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination on nifH gene in soil

Toxic effects of two agrochemicals on nifH gene in agricultural black soil were investigated using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） and sequencing approaches in a microcosm experiment. Changes of soil nifH gene diversity and composition were examined following the application of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination. Acetochlor reduced the nifH gene diversity （both in gene richness and diversity index values） and caused changes in the nifH gene composition. The effects of acetochlor on nifH gene were strengthened as the concentration of acetochlor increased. Cluster analysis of DGGE banding patterns showed that nifH gene composition which had been affected by low concentration of acetochlor （50 mg/kg） recovered firstly. Methamidophos reduced nifH gene richness that except at 4 weeks. The medium concentration of methamidophos （150 mg/kg） caused the most apparent changes in nifH gene diversity at the first week while the high concentration of methamidophos （250 mg/kg） produced prominent effects on nifH gene diversity in the following weeks. Cluster analysis showed that minimal changes of nifH gene composition were found at 1 week and maximal changes at 4 weeks. Toxic effects of acetochlor and methamidophos combination on nifH gene were also apparent. Different nifH genes （bands） responded differently to the impact of agrochemicals： four individual bands were eliminated by the application of the agrochemicals, five bands became predominant by the stimulation of the agrochemicals, and four bands showed strong resistance to the influence of the agrochemicals. Fifteen prominent bands were partially sequenced, yielding 15 different nifH sequences, which were used for phylogenetic reconstructions. All sequences were affiliated with the alpha- and beta-proteobacteria, showing higher similarity to eight different diazotrophic genera.     

Enzymatic oxidation of aqueous pentachlorophenol

The influence of the nonionic surfactant Tween 80 on pentachlorophenol （PCP） oxidation catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase was studied. The surfactant was tested at concentrations below and above its critical micelle concentration （CMC）. Enhancement of PCP removal was observed at sub-CMCs. The presence of Tween 80 in the reaction mixture reduced enzyme inactivation which occurred through a combination of free radical attack and sorption by precipitated products. A simple first-order model was able to simulate time profiles for enzyme inactivation in the presence or absence of Tween 80. At supra-CMCs, the surfactant caused noticeable reductions in PCP removal, presumably through micelle partitioning of PCP which precluded the hydrophobic PCP molecule from interacting with the enzyme.     

Decomposition of alachlor by ozonation and its mechanism

Decomposition and corresponding mechanism of alachlor, an endocrine disruptor in water by ozonation were investigated. Results showed that alachlor could not be completely mineralized by ozone alone. Many intermediates and final products were formed during the process, including aromatic compounds, aliphatic carboxylic acids, and inorganic ions. In evoluting these products, some of them with weak polarity were qualitatively identified by GC-MS. The information of inorganic ions suggested that the dechlorination was the first and the fastest step in the ozonation of alachlor.     

Arsenic uptake by arbuscular mycorrhizal maize （Zea mays L.） grown in an arsenic-contaminated soil with added phosphorus

The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus (Glomus mosseae) and phosphorus (P) addition (100 mg/kg soil) on arsenic (As) uptake by maize plants (Zea mays L.) from an As-contaminated soil were examined in a glasshouse experiment.Non-mycorrhizal and zero-P addition controls were included.Plant biomass and concentrations and uptake of As,P,and other nutrients,AM colonization,root lengths,and hyphal length densities were determined.The results indicated that addition of P significantly inhibited root colonization and development of extraradical mycelium.Root length and dry weight both increased markedly with mycorrhizal colonization under the zero-P treatments,but shoot and root biomass of AM plants was depressed by P application.AM fungal inoculation decreased shoot As concentrations when no P was added,and shoot and root As concentrations of AM plants increased 2.6 and 1.4 times with P addition,respectively.Shoot and root uptake of P,Mn,Cu,and Zn increased,but shoot Fe uptake decreased by 44.6%,with inoculation, when P was added.P addition reduced shoot P,Fe,Mn,Cu,and Zn uptake of AM plants,but increased root Fe and Mn uptake of the nonmycorrhizal ones.AM colonization therefore appeared to enhance plant tolerance to As in low P soil,and have some potential for the phytostabilization of As-contaminated soil,however,P application may introduce additional environmental risk by increasing soil As mobility.     

Degradation of metabolites accumulated of benzo[a]pyrene by coupling Penicillium Chrysogenum with KMnO4

Several main metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene （BaP） formed by Penicillium chrysogenum, Benzo[a]pyrene-1,6-quinone （BP 1,6- quinone）, trans-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene （BP 7,8-diol）, 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene （3-OHBP）, were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The three metabolites were liable to be accumulated and were hardly further metabolized because of their toxicity to microorganisms. However, their further degradation was essential for the complete degradation of BaP. To enhance their degradation, two methods, degradation by coupling Penicillium chrysogenum with KMnO4 and degradation only by Penicillium chrysogenum, were compared; Meanwhile, the parameters of degradation in the superior method were optimized. The results showed that （1） the method of coupling Penicillium chrysogenum with KMnO4 was better and was the first method to be used in the degradation of BaP and its metabolites; （2） the metabolite, BP 1,6-quinone was the most liable to be accumulated in pure cultures; （3） the effect of degradation was the best when the concentration of KMnO4 in the cultures was 0.01% （w/v）, concentration of the three compounds was 5 mg/L and pH was 6.2. Based on the experimental results, a novel concept with regard to the bioremediation of BaP-contaminated environment was discussed, considering the influence on environmental toxicity of the accumulated metabolites.     

Impact of atrazine and nitrogen fertilizers on the sorption of chlorotoluron in soil and model sorbents

Sorption of chlorotoluron in ammonium sulfate, urea and atrazine multi-solutes system was investigated by batch experiments. The results showed application of nitrogen fertilizers to the soil could affect the behavior of chlorotoluron. At the same concentration of N, sorption of chlorotoluron decreased as the concentration of atrazine increased on the day 0 and 6 in soil, respectively. The sorption of chlorotoluron increased from 0 to 6 d when soils were preincubated with deionized water, ammonium sulfate and urea solution for 6 d. That indicated incubation time was one of the most important factors for the sorption of chlorotoluron in nitrogen fertilizers treatments. The individual sorption isotherms of chlorotoluron in rubbery polymer and silica were strictly linear in single solute system, but there were competition sorption between pesticides or between pesticides and nitrogen fertilizers. That indicated the sorption taken place by concurrent solid-phase dissolution mechanism and sorption on the interface of water-organic matter or water-mineral matter.