紫外分光光度法测定水中挥发酚的研究

目前,测定水中挥发酚一般采用4-氨基安替比林直接比色法和萃取法.为了克服4-氨基安替比林比色法测定挥发酚时需蒸馏、试剂不稳定等缺点或不足,提高挥发酚的检测上限,本文提出用紫外光度法测定水中挥发酚.用浓磷酸固定水样,用三氯甲烷、乙醚萃取水样,使挥发酚转移到乙醚中,排除多种离子的干扰;加入无水硫酸钠脱水,用乙醚定容,269 nm处测定吸光度.此方法不仅使测定范围增大到0.409～120 mg/L,且简便、快速、准确.本方法与标准方法有很好的可比性,同时,有很好的重现性.     

挥发酚测定中降低空白值的各种方法比较

挥发酚测定中降低空白值的各种方法比较平乃凡,汪兰荪（四川自贡市环境科研监测所,６４３０００）用４－氨基安替比林氯仿革取比色法测定水中挥发酚时,因该试剂易潮解易氧化变质,产生安管比林红,使测定空白值偏高,波动大,影响测定结果的精密度、准确度和方法的检出...     

萃取光度法测定高浓度酚的改进

用萃取光度法测定污水中挥发酚时,因预料不到其浓度高低,常出现水样挥发酚浓度超过测定上限(0.12mg/L)的情况,影响测定结果。对于这种情况,通常采用少取试样,稀释后重新放入蒸馏瓶中进行蒸馏,再萃取的方法(称标准法)。此法不但费时、费事,而且不利于大批样品的应急监测。多年来,根据标准法测定水中挥发酚浓度的经验,我们采用一种改进测定高浓度挥发酚的方法,即在蒸馏完毕后,将馏出液定量稀释,再萃取,测定吸光度的方法(称本法)。对2种方法进行对比试验的结果表明,本法不仅省时、省事,而且其精密度和线性关系均令人满意。1　实验部分1.1　仪…     

利用活性炭和三氯甲烷降低挥发酚测定中试剂空白

利用活性炭和三氯甲烷降低挥发酚测定中试剂空白高云，金淑聪，王建平（新疆昌吉州环境监测站８３１１００）常规测定水中挥发酚浓度采用４－氨基安替比林革取光度法，该法灵敏度高，精度好，适用于地下水、地面水、低浓度废水中酚的测定。但在测定过程中由于受４－氨基安...     

同时蒸馏分别比色测定水中的氰化的和挥发酚

采用一次蒸馏水样中的氰化物和挥发酚,馏出液接收于同一瓶中,取其中的馏出液分别测定氰化物和挥发酚。方法简便,结果准确可靠,回收率在９０％以上。     

氟罗里硅土处理挥发酚测定中的4－氨基安替比林显色剂

氟罗里硅土处理挥发酚测定中的４－氨基安替比林显色剂关宇，江美玲（大连市环境监测中心站１１６０２３）环境监测中挥发酚的测定，现行分析方法主要使用４－氨基安替比林萃取比色法，由于环境监测样品多数属微量和痕量级的测定，因而降低方法中试剂空白值获得高灵敏度成...     

固相萃取光度法测定食品中挥发酚的研究

研究了用Waters Sep-Park-C18固相萃小柱固相萃取测定食品中挥发酚的方法，用自动水蒸汽蒸馏仪蒸馏分离出食品中的挥发酚，然后用4－氨基安替比林显色，显色产物可用Waters Sep-Park-C18固相萃小柱萃取，用乙醇洗脱后用分光光度法测定，该方法污染小，操作简便，便于样品批量处理，用于食品样品中挥发酚的测定，结果令人满意。     

流动注射法测定水和废水中挥发酚

采用流动注射法在线测定水和废水中挥发酚,优化了仪器测试条件,试验了铁氰化钾缓冲液的稳定性.该方法在0 μg/L～200 μg/L线性关系良好,检出限为0.7 μg/L,精密度和准确度均能满足要求,而且分析速度快,试剂消耗量少,适用于大批量饮用水、地表水、生活和工业排放废水中挥发酚的测定.     

气相色谱法测定焦化厂废水中的挥发酚

焦化厂废水以苯酚、邻甲酚、对甲酚、间甲酚为主。因此,采用4—氨基安替比林比色法和引进来电子基团法都不适用焦化厂废水中挥发酚的测定。本文采用六甲基二硅胺烷和三甲基氯硅烷混合物作为硅醚化试剂,并对其操作方法进行了改进,提高了灵敏度,使之更适宜于测定焦化厂生化后外排水中的微量挥发酚。     

实验室几种不同水测定挥发酚效果对比

选用某品牌市售纯净水、经超纯水机过滤超纯水、经蒸馏制备无酚水三种水作为测定水质挥发酚实验用水,分别对三种水所做标准曲线、标准样品测试及空白值测试进行分析,从而对纯净水和超纯水作为挥发酚实验用水可行性进行了探讨。     

挥发酚在线监测技术在苏州市水源地预警监测的应用

酚污染正严重威胁着饮用水源地的供水安全,迫切需要开展挥发酚实时预警监测。从挥发酚在线监测系统构架、监测方法验证、在线监测功能完善、运维周期及成本核算、应急预警功能实现等方面,介绍了挥发酚在线监测技术在苏州市饮用水源地的应用经验,以期进一步完善水源水预警监测体系。     

水中多种酚类化合物衍生化方法研究

对水中14种酚类化合物的衍生化过程进行研究,选取不同衍生化试剂、衍生温度和衍生时间、最大衍生量等多个对衍生效率有决定性影响的参数进行优化。通过上述条件的优化选择,实现了对苯酚、氯代酚、甲基酚和硝基酚等14种不同类型酚类化合物最优的衍生化,衍生效率达到75．5％～119％。     

高效液相色谱法分离和测定甲醛和苯酚

本文讨论了高效液相色谱分离和测定甲醛和苯酚的条件,并对酚醛树脂生产废水进行了实际测定,结果令人满意。     

用改进法测定漳州沿海典型海水养殖区的挥发酚

海水中挥发酚制备时,磷酸的添加量对检测结果的准确性会有较大影响。本文通过改进挥发酚的蒸馏方法进行测定,得出比较准确的结果。同时对漳州沿海典型海水养殖区的挥发酚进行了检测。结果显示,各养殖区挥发酚的含量均在0．006～0．013mg／L之间,超过了《海水水质标准》（GB3097—1997）的第二类海水水质标准。     

用PPO传感器测定水中酚类化合物初探

从马铃薯中提取一种多酚氧化酶，经过固化并与氧电极组装，成为一种可测大部分酚类化合物的ＰＰＯ传感器，其灵敏度、准确度、线性范围、响应速度及抗干扰性等均可基本满足要求，研究证明，该法具有一定的开发价值。     

Phytoremediation of phenol using Polygonum orientale,including optimized conditions

Removing phenol from wastewater has become a major challenge of international concern. Phytoremediation is a novel and eco-friendly method and is attracting an increasing amount of attention for treating phenol in wastewater. We studied the ability of Polygonum orientale, which is frequently present around water bodies and in wetlands in China, to phytoremediate phenol. We determined the inhibition concentration for phenol on P. orientale using emergency toxicology experiments and morphological observations. Isothermal and kinetic models were created to assess the adsorption process involved in phenol removal. Comparison tests in sterile conditions demonstrated that metabolic removal was the main way in which the phenol concentrations were decreased, and removal by adsorption played a smaller role. An orthogonal test was performed to determine the optimum conditions under which P. orientale will remove phenol, and these were found to be an initial phenol concentration of 5 mg L^?1, 100 % natural light, and a 13-day treatment time. These results provide a theoretical basis for increasing our understanding of the mechanisms involved in the removal of phenol by P. orientale and will help in developing its application in the greening of urban areas to provide both phytoremediation and esthetic landscaping.     

城市河流各水期水质变化分析

选取宁波市区20个监测断面作为研究对象,选择溶解氧、高锰酸盐指数、五日生化需氧量、氨氮、铜、锌、挥发酚、石油类作为评价指标,利用主成分分析法分别对其枯水期、平水期、丰水期进行综合水质评价。根据计算结果提取了3个主成分因子(有机物因子、氨氮和重金属因子、挥发酚因子),累计方差贡献率达到84.02%,基本保留了选取指标的有效信息。结果发现,各监测断面污染状况均显示为枯水期>平水期>丰水期,枯水期、平水期、丰水期断面达标率分别为20%、50%、80%,主要超标水域为鄞州河网、中大河、鄞江下游,评价结果与实际情况相符合。     

The continuous monitoring of field water samples with a novel multi-channel two-stage mini-bioreactor system

Toxicity monitoring of field water samples was performed using a novel multi-channel two-stage mini-bioreactor system and genetically engineered bioluminescent bacteria for the continuous monitoring and classification of the toxicity present in the samples. The toxicity of various samples spiked with known endocrine disrupting chemicals and phenol was also investigated for system characterization. The field samples used in this study were obtained from two different sites on a monthly basis--from a drinking water treatment plant, referred to as site N, and from a stream near a dam which is currently being constructed, referred to as site T. These samples were either pumped or injected into the second mini-bioreactors to initiate the toxicity test. Most of the samples did not show any specific toxicity. However, one sample showed to have, based upon the detection results, and was deemed toxic. The samples spiked with phenol showed possible responses in the DPD2540 and TV1061 channels, indicating the occurrence of both membrane and protein damage due to phenol. In the tests using an endocrine disrupting chemical, bisphenol A, DNA damage was detected in the DPD2794 channel with a concentration of 2 ppm. Finally, a simple but novel early warning protocol that can be used in a drinking water reservoir and a suspected place where effluents of toxic materials enter the water sourse was suggested with a schematic diagram. In conclusion, this system showed good feasibility for use as a toxicity monitoring system in the field and as an early warning system, indicating if effluents are toxic.