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1.
在实验生态条件下,研究浓度范围从0.1-50μg/L的苯并(a)芘和芘的等浓度混合物暴露对梭鱼(Mugil so-iuy)肝脏抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果显示,对肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的影响主要表现出抑制效应。在暴露过程中,抗氧化酶活性也有出现短暂的诱导,高浓度组出现诱导的时间比低浓度组早。SOD和GPx活性的变化有一定的同步性。CAT活性在暴露早期出现诱导。抗氧化酶活性的变化间接反映了环境中氧化胁迫的存在。  相似文献   

2.
苯并(a)芘和芘暴露对梭鱼肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
在实验生态条件下,浓度范围0.1-0.5ug/L的苯并(a)芘和芘的短期暴露(7d),50ug/L浓度组造成梭鱼肝脏SOD活性先抑制后诱导的效应,5ug/L浓度在7d的暴露中,SOD活性未出现诱导而是抑制。同样在50ug/L浓度下,苯并(a)芘暴露4d后SOD活性出现诱导,而芘在暴露7d后才出现诱导,这间接反映了苯并(a)芘和芘的毒性大小。这些结果说明梭鱼肝脏SOD活性与苯并(a)芘和芘暴露有一定的相关性,可以作为海洋环境多环芳烃污染监测的一种生物标志物。  相似文献   

3.
分析了大弹涂肌肉、腮、脏脏、内脏(不含肝脏)以及卵巢等不同器官的还原型谷胱甘肽含量,并以不这原型谷胱甘肽含量较高的肝脏和 卵巢为研究对象,在实验生态条件下,将大弹涂鱼暴露于0,0.05,0.2和0.5mg/L等不同浓度的苯并(a)芘3d,比较这两个器官中还原型谷胱甘肽含量的变化。结果显示,苯并(a)芘肋迫下,大弹 涂鱼肝脏和卵巢还原型谷胱甘肽含量均显著升高(P≤0.05);表明肝脏和卵巢都是代谢苯并(a)芘的主要器官,还原型谷胱甘肽含量的显著升高表明机体对苯并(a)芘胁迫的适应性反应。  相似文献   

4.
苯并(a)芘及其代谢产物的连续降解研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
臧淑艳  李培军  周启星  王新  林桂凤  王娟 《环境科学》2006,27(12):2531-2535
在以驯化过的芽孢杆菌(BA-07)降解BaP的过程中,鉴定出2个BaP的未开环代谢产物顺式-4,5-二氢-4,5-二醇-BaP(cis-BP4,5-dihydrodiol)和顺式-7,8-二氢-7,8-二醇-BaP(cis-BP7,8-dihydrodiol).由于该产物对微生物有一定毒性,所以难于进一步降解.为提高BaP降解的同时,降低cis-BP4,5-dihydrodiol和cis-BP7,8-dihydrodiol的累积,对2种降解方法(即单纯用BA07降解和运用高锰酸钾与BA-07耦合的方法降解)进行了比较,并且优化了连续降解的参数.结果表明,①对BaP及其代谢产物的连续降解,化学氧化与微生物耦合(高锰酸钾与BA-07)的降解效果明显好于单纯利用微生物(细菌BA-07)的降解;②在同一时间取样,cis-BP4,5-dihydrodiol的残留率均高于cis-BP7,8-dihydrodiol;③当BaP的浓度为40μg/mL,培养基的最佳pH为7.0,以琥珀酸钠为共代谢底物,可以显著提高BaP降解率,降低cis-BP 4,5-dihydrodiol和cis-BP7,8-dihydrodiol的累积.同时提出了化学氧化与微生物协同的方法可以有效促进环境中持久有机污染物的连续降解.  相似文献   

5.
<正> 前言大量的调查研究证实苯并(a)芘(Bap)可致人体肺癌、皮肤癌、胃癌等~[1].目前,Bap已被列为研究癌的标准致癌剂之一.进入人体内的Bap可逐渐代谢为亲水性化合物,大部分经胆汁排出体外,小部分则由尿中排出.空气中的Bap污染量加重,导致了  相似文献   

6.
7.
两波长定域同步荧光光谱法快速测定苯并(a)芘的研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
本文提出了快速测定环境样品中强致癌物BaP的两波长定域同步荧光光谱法(SFDW),样品经有机溶剂超声提取后,可以不经过预分离而直接用于测定,该方法操作简单、快速、灵敏,分析一个样品的时间由原来的1小时缩短为几分钟。其检测限为10~(-10)g,定量的线性范围至少可达三个数量级,该方法直接检测BaP的结果和样品经过分离后,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定的结果相近,其相对误差小于±20%,易于实现仪器化。  相似文献   

8.
苯并(a)芘(Bap)是强致癌物之一,主要来源为煤、石油等矿物性燃料及其他有机物的不完全燃烧。本文通过对包头市1991~2000年大气苯并芘监测结果的统计分析,揭示了其污染状况及变化趋势,从而说明包头市大气环境中Bap主要来源于燃煤。  相似文献   

9.
检测了暴露于不同浓度多环芳烃中栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)消化盲囊和鳃丝的几项毒理学指标变化.苯并(a)芘和苯并(k)荧蒽混合物的浓度梯度设置为0.5、1.0、10.0、50.0μg·L-1.结果表明,低浓度PAHs对消化盲囊EROD活力无显著影响,对GST有一定的诱导作用,而高浓度PAHs对消化盲囊EROD有明显的诱导作用,对GST先诱导后抑制;在PAHs作用下消化盲囊和鳃丝的3种抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT和GPx)活力呈现一定的峰值变化,且在高浓度PAHs下均被显著抑制,同时鳃丝的酶活力较消化盲囊抑制显著;消化盲囊和鳃丝的LPO水平在PAHs处理下随时间不断上升,并表现出明显的剂量和时间效应.暴露于PAHs中栉孔扇贝的EROD、GST和抗氧化酶活力的变化反映了机体的解毒代谢过程和能力,而LPO水平则直接反映了机体的氧化损伤程度,而且各毒理学指标在解毒过程中相互关联,具有很强的规律性.  相似文献   

10.
模拟实验研究了苯并(a)芘在黄河水体不同粒径颗粒物上的吸附作用,重点探讨了颗粒物粒径对苯并(a)芘的表面吸附和分配作用的影响.结果表明:(1)苯并(a)芘在黄河水体颗粒物上的吸附符合表面吸附-分配作用复合模式(2)苯并(a)芘在粒径d≥0.025 mm颗粒物上的吸附以表面吸附为主,表面吸附对吸附的贡献在68.7%至82.4%之间;当苯并(a)芘液相平衡浓度为0~8.87μg·L-1时,其在粒径0 007 mm≤d<0.025 mm颗粒物上的吸附以表吸附作用为主,当液相平衡浓度大于8.87μg·L-1时,吸附以分配作用为主;苯并(a)芘在粒径d<0.007 mm颗粒物上的吸附以分配作用为主;(3)苯并(a)芘在不同粒径颗粒物上的表面吸附对总吸附的贡献大小顺序为:(d≥0.025 mm)>(0.007 mm≤d<0 025 mm)>(d<0.007 mm);(4)苯并(a)芘在不同粒径颗粒物中的分配系数与有机质含量呈线性相关,其标化分配系数Koc约为1.26×105L·kg-1.  相似文献   

11.
The peroxynitrite/porphyrin biomimetic system was established to investigate the effects of peroxynitrite on benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) metabolism. Three model systems consisting of different iron porphyrins were compared, and the results showed that the peroxynitrite/T(p-Cl)PPFeCl system was the highest catalytic efficiency in the metabolism of B[a]P. We analyzed the B[a]P metabolites produced from this system by RP-HPLC method and firstly identified the formation of nitrobenzo[a]pyrenes which are the special metabolites of B[a]P induced by peroxynitrite.  相似文献   

12.
The peroxynitrite/porphyrin biomimetic system was established to investigate the effects of peroxynitrite on benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) metabolism. Three model systems consisting of different iron porphyrins were compared, and the results showed that the peroxynitdte/T(p-Cl)PPFeCl system was the highest catalytic efficiency in the metabolism of B [a]P. We analyzed the B [a]P metabolites produced from this system by RP-HPLC method and firstly identified the formation of nitrobenzo[a]pyrenes which are the special metabolites of B [a]P induced by peroxynitrite.  相似文献   

13.
The rates of photodegradation and photocatalysis of benzo [a]pyrene (BaP) on soil surfaces under UV light have been studied. Different parameters such as temperature, soil particle sizes, and soil depth responsible for photodegradation, catalyst loads and wavelength of UV irradiation blamed for photocatalysis have been monitored. The results obtained indicated that BaP photodegradation follows pseudo-first-order kinetics. BaP photodegradation was the fastest at 30℃ . The rates of BaP photodegradation at different soil particle size followed the order: less than 1 mm〉less than 0.45 mm〉less than 0.25 mm. When the soil depth increased from 1 mm to 4 ram, the half-life increased from 13.23 d to 17.73 d. The additions of TiO2 or Fe2O3 accelerated the photodegradation of BaP, and the photocatalysis of BaP follows pseudo-first-order kinetics. Changes in catalyst loads of TiO2 (0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 3% (wt)) or Fe203 (2%, 5%, 7%, and 10% (wt)) did not significantly affect the degradation rates. Both BaP photocatalysis in the presence of TiO2 and Fe2O3 were the fastest at 254 nm UV irradiation.  相似文献   

14.
Tributyltin(TBT), an organometal used as an antifouling biocide, has been reported to induce masculinization of fish. Benzo [a]pyrene (BaP), a widespread carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, has been reported that its microsomal metabolites can produce an estrogenic response when tested in vitro. This study was therefore designed to examine the potential in vivo influence of TBT, BaP and their mixture on sex hormone levels in serum of Sebastiscus marmoratus, which were given 2 separate intraperitoneally (ip) injections(a single injection every 7 d) of TBT(0.5, 1, 5 and 10 mg/kg), BaP(0.5, 1, 5 and 10 mg/kg), or both in combination(0.5, 1, 5 and 10 mg/kg); control fish received olive oil vehicle only. Six days after the 2nd injection, serum samples were collected and analyzed for sex hormone levels and alkali labile protein phosphorus (ALPP), which is related to the yolk precursor protein vitellogenin. The pollutants at all doses significantly reduced serum testosterone, estradiol and ALPP content after 2 injections compared with the corresponding controls. The reduction of the estradiol levels should be response for the decrease of the vitellogenin levels. The results in the present study suggested that aromatase seems not the major target acted by TBT and BaP in fish. This study demonstrated that TBT or BaP exposure both inhibit the reproductive potential in female Sebastiscus marmoratus. Combined effect of TBT and BaP on the serum testosterone, estradiol and ALPP was not antagonism from the anticipation.  相似文献   

15.
几种芳香化合物对苯并芘在泥浆反应器中降解的影响   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
苯并芘在土壤中难于被生物降解,其降解方式通常以共代谢方式进行.本研究考查了几种多环芳烃及2种单环芳香化合物对苯并芘降解的影响.先把几种芳香化合物投入到供试无污染土壤中进行3d的预培养,然后向土壤中加入苯并芘并使土壤在三角瓶内形成泥浆系统,放在摇床上培养.42d的实验表明,用菲对土壤进行预处Ζ理消除了苯并芘的降解滞后期,并提高了苯并芘的降解率.蒽、芘未能改变苯并芘的降解模式,而苯并蒽则相对抑制了苯并芘的降解.水杨酸和邻苯二甲酸同样消除了苯并芘降解的滞后阶段,且促进了苯并芘的降解,但质量差别未对苯并芘的降解产生影响.  相似文献   

16.
表面活性剂对苯并[a]芘在黑炭表面吸附解吸的影响   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
通过静态吸附实验,研究了3种不同类型的表面活性剂(阳离子∶十六烷基三甲基溴化铵,CTAB;阴离子∶十二烷基苯磺酸钠,SDBS∶非离子,曲拉通100,TX100)对苯并[a]芘(BaP)在黑炭表面吸附解吸的影响.结果表明,3种表面活性剂的存在均会增加BaP在黑炭表面吸附的非线性程度.CTAB的存在可以促进BaP在黑炭表面的吸附同时抑制了BaP的解吸,然而SDBS的存在降低了BaP在黑炭表面的吸附并增加了吸附过程的可逆性.与CTAB和SDBS不同,TX100对BaP在黑炭表面吸附解吸的影响取决于其添加浓度.低浓度的TX100(50 mg.L-1)能够促进BaP在黑炭上的吸附并抑制BaP的解吸,吸附能力参数Kd值(在ce=50μg.L-1下)从188 062 mL.g-1增大到264 179 mL.g-1,解吸滞后指数HI从0.44降低到0.39.随着TX100浓度增加到150 mg.L-1和200 mg.L-1,TX100对BaP的吸附表现出抑制作用并能够促进BaP的解吸,Kd值(在ce=50μg.L-1下)从188 062 mL.g-1分别降低到182 751 mL.g-1和178 730 mL.g-1,解吸滞后指数从0.44分别升高到0.65和0.70.本研究为预测多环芳烃在表面活性剂污染的环境中的分布特征和最终归趋提供了理论依据.  相似文献   

17.
研究了6株真菌对土壤中芘和苯并芘(BaP)的降解动态,用Michaelis-Menton和Monod动力学模型对结果进行拟合.结果表明,6株真菌对芘和BaP的降解速率有显著性差异,降解率相差不大.产黄青霉(Penicillium chrysogenum,SF04),在42d内对BaP的降解能力最强,可达71.31%,对芘的降解能力相对最弱.镰刀菌(Fusariumsp.,SF11),黑曲霉(Aspergillusniger,SF05),木霉(Trichodermasp.,SF02)和毛霉(Mucorsp.,SF06)42d对芘的降解率分别为86.22%,86.18%,85.41%,85.04%,对BaP的降解率分别为71.11%,69.44%,69.05%,69.72%.木霉(Trichodermasp.,SF02)和毛霉(Mucorsp.,SF06)对芘和BaP的降解速率均很快.  相似文献   

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