泥炭吸附法处理含铬废水

探索了影响泥炭吸铬的主要因素,并根据吸附实验,设计了一套处理水量5吨/小时的工业装置。通过经济分析,认为该工艺在处理效果和经济上都具有可行性。     

利用凹凸棒石粘土吸附处理含铬废水

凹凸棒石是一种富镁的硅酸盐粘土矿物,其晶体结构属硅酸盐的双链结构(角闪石)和层状结构(云母类)的过渡类型,为2∶1型粘土矿物。由于它具有独特的链式结构,因而具有不同一般的吸附性能。与化学工业用的其它粘土相比,凹凸棒石粘土具有表面积大、吸附与脱色力强的特点,而且来源广、价格低廉。铬是一种致癌物,国家工业废水排放标     

缩聚—吸附法处理酚醛废水的研究

本文研究了向酚醛废水中添加尿素进行缩聚反应,分离出不溶性高聚物后,用飞灰-活性炭二级吸附的办法处理酚醛废水。处理后水质可完全达到国家排放标准.吸附饱和后的活性炭用热水溶剂抽提、解吸进行再生。     

硅胶复合材料吸附重金属汞的研究进展

针对高毒性、易累积的重金属汞污染物,介绍了对硅胶基底材料进行化学改性的方法,从液相和气相两方面详述了硅胶复合材料(包括有机官能团改性硅胶材料和无机磁性硅胶复合材料)在汞吸附分离领域的研究和应用进展,分析了现有研究的不足之处,并对该领域未来的研究方向提出了建议。指出,研制出高效、高选择性、高稳定性、易回收的汞吸附剂是治理工业废水和燃煤烟气中汞污染的关键。     

用陶土吸附处理含镍废水的研究

进行了用陶土吸附处理模拟含Ｎｉ＾２＋废水的研究,探讨了陶土用量,吸附时间、废水酸度,废水中Ｎｉ＾２＋的初始浓度及吸附温度对镍去除率的影响,并用实际含镍废水进行了验证。     

我国应用树脂吸附法处理有机废水的进展

介绍了我国近十年来应用树脂吸附法处理有机废水的研究成果和应用实例,处理结果表明,吸附树脂具有吸附效果好,脱附再生容易,性能稳定,适用范围宽,实用性好等特点,该法可用于处理含酚,苯胺,有机酸,硝基物,农药,染料中间体等废水,是一种处理有机废水的有效方法。     

吸附法处理二硝基酚酸性废水的研究

采用吸附法处理二硝基酚酸性废水,进行了吸附剂筛选、吸附树脂吸附和解吸性能影响因素以及吸附寿命考察、设备防腐试验。选定 H-03型大孔吸附树脂为吸附剂,试验证明它具有非常良好的吸附稳定性。废水经过一次吸附处理,其中的二硝基酚得到回收,出水酚含量可从1200毫克/升降至10毫克/升以下,可达到排放标准要求的无色无味的指标。     

氧化石墨烯负载纳米零价铁的制备及其对亚甲基蓝的吸附

采用液相还原法制备氧化石墨烯负载纳米零价铁吸附剂(Fe0/GO),并用于吸附去除溶液中的亚甲基蓝(MB)。考察了溶液p H、吸附温度、吸附时间、初始MB质量浓度对Fe0/GO吸附MB的影响。SEM等表征结果显示:Fe0以球形或短链形负载在GO上,增加了材料的反应活性位点;Fe0/GO的比表面积为158.32 m2/g,等电点为3。实验结果表明:在溶液p H为6、吸附时间5 h、吸附温度25℃的最佳条件下,加入400 mg/L的Fe0/GO,处理初始MB质量浓度为160 mg/L的MB溶液,MB去除率为89.26%,吸附量为125.5 mg/g;Langmuir等温吸附方程和Frenudlich等温吸附方程均能较好地描述Fe0/GO对MB的吸附过程;Fe0/GO对MB的吸附行为遵循准二级动力学方程;计算得出吸附温度为25℃、初始MB质量浓度为160 mg/L时的饱和吸附量为201.2 mg/g,平衡吸附量为124.3 mg/g。     

我国应用树脂吸附法处理有机废水的进展（续）

我国应用树脂吸附法处理有机废水的进展（续）张全兴,刘天华（南京大学环境科学与工程系,南京２１００９３）（江苏石油化工学院,常州２１３０１６）（续１９９４年第６期）２．４含硝基物废水的处理２．４．１对硝基苯乙酮生产废水我国大多采用乙苯硝化、氧化合成对硝...     

RH大孔吸附树脂处理炼油厂碱渣废水的研究

在研究ＲＨ大孔吸附树脂吸附和解吸性能的基础上，以ＲＨ树脂处理炼油厂的碱渣进行了试验。结果表明，ＲＨ树脂可用于碱渣脱酚，在一定条件下，树脂的吸酚量可达１３０ｍｇ／ｍｌ，吸附饱和后的树脂，解吸后可重复使用，碱渣中的硫不会树脂中毒而降低吸酚量。     

Fe/SiO_2复合材料的制备及其对Cd~(2+)的吸附

以Na_2SiO_3为原料、聚乙二醇-2000为结构导向剂,采用溶胶-凝胶和高温煅烧两步法制备SiO_2微球,再以其为载体,采用液相还原法负载零价纳米铁,制得Fe/SiO_2复合材料。采用SEM,FTIR,XRD技术对Fe/SiO_2复合材料的形貌结构进行表征,研究了Fe/SiO_2复合材料对Cd~(2+)的吸附性能。表征结果显示,纳米铁以毛绒状负载在SiO_2微球上。实验结果表明,在溶液pH为5、n(SiO_2):n(Fe)=2、老化温度为70℃的最佳工艺条件下制备的Fe/SiO_2复合材料在25℃时处理Cd~(2+)初始质量浓度为35 mg/L的模拟含Cd~(2+)废水,Cd~(2+)吸附容量为28.10 mg/g。Fe/SiO_2复合材料对Cd~(2+)的吸附作用较符合准二级吸附动力学方程,对Cd~(2+)的等温吸附过程更符合Langmuir模型。     

零价铁在废水处理中应用的研究进展

简述了零价铁（ZVI）处理废水的机理。综述了ZVI、纳米零价铁 （nZVI）对焦化废水、军火厂废水、制药废水、橄榄油厂废水、染料废水、含盐类废水及含重金属废水处理的研究进展以及ZVI复合材料处理废水的研究进展。指出将ZVI与超声波、微波及Fenton法等技术联合,形成具有各自优点的新处理技术,将是今后的研究重点。     

羟基磷灰石去除废水中的Fe3+

以天然磷矿粉制备的羟基磷灰石(HAP)作为吸附剂,处理模拟含Fe3+废水。实验结果表明,在HAP加入量为1.0g/L、初始模拟废水pH为3.00、反应温度为室温的最佳条件下,处理初始Fe3+质量浓度为150mg/L的模拟废水,反应90min后Fe3+去除率为99.89%,处理后模拟废水中Fe3+质量浓度为0.15mg/L,低于0.30mg/L,达到GB5749—2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》的要求。     

Influence of Metals on Lindane Adsorption onto Pine Bark

Some persistent pesticides, as organochlorines, are not efficiently removed from usual wastewater treatment plants, unless a tertiary treatment, commonly activated carbon adsorption, is applied. The downside of this practice rests on its high regeneration costs. This fact motivated the research for alternative processes involving the use of natural materials. Pine bark was used in this work, to remove lindane from contaminated waters. The adsorptive capabilities of this material were studied (equilibrium time, adsorption model and saturation of the adsorbent) and the interference of some metals (iron, cadmium, copper, nickel and lead) was also investigated. Results showed an excellent efficiency of adsorption (average 80,65%) and that the presence of the studied metals did not affect both efficiency and the model of the adsorption, within the range of the concentration of the pesticide studied.     

改性SiO2气凝胶对废水中Fe3+的吸附性能

制备了改性SiO₂气凝胶,考察了经不同类型、不同配比的改性剂改性的SiO₂气凝胶对模拟含Fe³⁺废水的吸附处理效果。实验结果表明：改性SiO₂气凝胶的最佳制备条件为三甲基氯硅烷（TMCS）作改性剂,V（TMCS）#x02236;V（正己烷）=1#x02236;5;当改性SiO₂气凝胶加入量为75g/L、吸附时间为4h、Fe³⁺质量浓度为10mg/L时,模拟含Fe³⁺废水的Fe³⁺去除率为98.32%,剩余Fe³⁺质量浓度为0.168mg/L;采用改性SiO₂气凝胶动态吸附处理流量为420mL/h、Fe³⁺质量浓度为100mg/L的模拟含Fe³⁺废水,吸附后废水中剩余Fe³⁺质量浓度仅为0.196mg/L。     

电化学水处理技术的研究和应用

介绍了电化学技术的分类,总结了电化学技术在处理有机废水、重金属离子废水和氨氮废水方面的研究及应用现状,并指出了该技术在目前的应用中所存在的一些问题,探讨了今后的发展方向。     

纳米MnO_2/Fe_3O_4对镉离子的静态吸附

采用水热合成法将Mn O_2包覆于纳米Fe_3O_4的表面,制备出纳米Mn O_2/Fe_3O_4,并将其用于含镉溶液的吸附。考察了吸附效果的影响因素,并研究了纳米Mn O_2/Fe_3O_4的重复使用性能。实验结果表明:在初始镉离子质量浓度为10 mg/L、吸附剂投加量为4 g/L、吸附温度为20℃、溶液p H为6.0、吸附时间为12 h的条件下,镉离子去除率由使用纳米Fe_3O_4时的3%增至使用纳米Mn O_2/Fe_3O_4时的96%;在初始镉离子质量浓度为50 mg/L、纳米Mn O_2/Fe_3O_4投加量为4 g/L、吸附温度为20℃、溶液p H为6.0、吸附时间为1 h的条件下,镉离子去除率达78%,吸附量为9.7 mg/g;经5次重复使用后,纳米Mn O_2/Fe_3O_4对镉离子的去除率仅比首次使用时降低了10百分点,具有良好的重复使用性能。     

Heavy Metals in Stockholm Groundwater – Concentrations and Fluxes

Sampling of groundwater in theQuaternary deposits was carried out at 70 sitesin Stockholm for, among other things, metalanalyses. The objectives were to get a notion of the metal content and to get a basis for anestimation of the order of magnitude of thegroundwater transported metal contribution to themain surface water bodies in comparison to otherroutes. Thus, in three watershed areaswithin the Stockholm Town, groundwater flow andmetal concentration propagation were simulatedand metal fluxes were calculated. Theconcentrations of heavy metals were in generalfound to be very high in comparison withgroundwater in forested areas. This was mostpronounced for mercury (Hg) and copper (Cu). Themost remarkable result was a Hg concentration of4.57 g L^-1 in the vicinity of a closed downhospital. The annual contribution of heavy metals(kg) by groundwater to the main surface waterbodies was estimated to: As (2.2), Cd (0.20), Co(4.9), Cr (3.1), Cu (34), Hg (0.06), Ni (28), Pb(2.2) Zn (118). These fluxes are much smallerthan those in forest ecosystems, due to lowergroundwater recharge in urban areas, where agreat part of the runoff is diverted bylandsealing, drainage, tunnels etc. The modelingresults emphasize the importance of the sorptionprocesses indicating that the modeled areas arein a non-steady state condition. It also showsthat the sources generating elevatedconcentrations of the high adsorptive metals Pband Hg are likely to be nearby.     

Release of Metals from Buildings,Constructions and Products during Atmospheric Exposure in Stockholm

This article presents results from investigations of run-off frommaterials used on buildings and other constructions obtained byshort term exposures of smaller model surfaces and one year exposures of larger materials surfaces on buildings and other constructions. Elevated concentrations of metals in run-off wereobserved for a wide range of different materials used on buildings and other constructions. Sources of metal emission tothe environment includes copper (Cu) surfaces, galvanized steel,impregnated wood, lead (Pb) surfaces, asphalt surfaces, paintedmaterial stainless steel and concrete. Metal emission rates fromsurfaces of copper and galvanized steel were measured from surfaces on buildings during 12 months exposure. The magnitude of metal emission form other surfaces was also estimated and theapplicability of these data for calculations of metal flows inan urban environment is discussed.