负载Cr和Mo锰矿粉基催化剂的脱硝脱氨性能

氨选择性催化还原 (NH₃-SCR) 技术在焚烧烟气NO_x减排控制中广泛应用。然而,目前广泛商业化使用的SCR催化剂价格昂贵且低温活性差。以价格低廉的天然锰矿粉 (MOP) 为载体,采用浸渍法制备了Cr和Mo负载改性MOP,在温度范围150~400 ℃,对比研究了MOP和负载改性MOP的脱硝和脱氨催化效率,并基于NH₃-TPD-MS、FE-SEM-EDS、XRD和XPS对所制备的催化剂进行表征。结果表明：MOP具有较高的催化脱硝脱氨活性;Cr负载可大幅提升MOP的氨转化率,且对脱硝效率没有明显影响;Cr主要以无定形Cr₂O₃形式物理附着于MOP表面,Cr与Mn之间没有明显的相互作用。同时,Mo负载对MOP的氨催化转化也有明显促进作用,2%Mo负载仅轻微减少了MOP在150~250 ℃时的脱硝效率。在5%Mo改性MOP表面,酸性位点数量和NH₃吸附能力显著提高,但Mo与K反应生成钾钼盐结晶,导致Mn⁴⁺和O_α的相对含量降低。该研究结果可为低温低尘尾部布设SCR的同时脱硝脱氨提供参考。     

FT-ICR mass spectrometry for molecular characterization of water-insoluble organic compounds in winter atmospheric fine particulate matters

Water-insoluble organic compounds（WIOCs） are an important fraction of atmospheric fine particulate matters(PM_2.5), which could affect the climate system and threaten human health potentially. In this study, molecular characterization of WIOCs in PM_2.5 were investigated by 15 T Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry（FT-ICR MS） with atmospheric pressure photoionization（APPI） source in positive ion mode. A total of 2573 and1875 molecular formulas were iden...     

Emission of intermediate volatility organic compounds from a ship main engine burning heavy fuel oil

Intermediate volatility organic compounds (IVOCs) are crucial precursors of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). In this study, gaseous IVOCs emitted from a ship main engine burning heavy fuel oil (HFO) were investigated on a test bench, which could simulate the real-world operations and emissions of ocean-going ships. The chemical compositions, emission factors (EFs) and volatility distributions of IVOC emissions were investigated. The results showed that the main engine burning HFO emitted a large amount of IVOCs, with average IVOC EFs of 20.2–201?mg/kg-fuel. The IVOCs were mainly comprised of unspeciated compounds. The chemical compositions of exhaust IVOCs were different from that of HFO fuel, especially for polycyclic aromatic compounds and alkylcyclohexanes. The volatility distributions of IVOCs were also different between HFO exhausts and HFO fuel. The distinctions in IVOC emission characteristics between HFO exhausts and HFO fuel should be considered when assessing the IVOC emission and related SOA formation potentials from ocean-going ships burning HFO, especially when using fuel-surrogate models.     

不同光照时间对杏鲍菇生长发育的影响

为探究光照时间对杏鲍菇生长发育的影响,设置蓝、白两种光质,每种光质下设置5种不同光照时间处理进行栽培试验,并测定每个处理下杏鲍菇原基形成与分化速度、菇蕾与子实体形态、产量及可溶性蛋白质与总糖含量.结果显示,原基形成速度随光照时间增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势,蓝光下以15 min光照15 min黑暗时间处理下原基形成速度最...     

Potential toxicity of amphenicol antibiotic: binding of chloramphenicol to human serum albumin

Antibiotics are widely used in daily life but their abuse has posed a potential threat to human health. To evaluate the toxicity of chloramphenicol (CAP) at the protein level, the interaction between CAP and human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated by fluorescence, Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) absorption, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and molecular docking methods. Fluorescence data revealed that the fluorescence quenching of HSA by CAP was the result of the formation of CAP–HSA complex, and the binding constant was determined to be 3.196?×?10⁴ L mol^?1 at 310 K. The thermodynamic determination indicated that the interaction was driven by enthalpy change and entropy change together, where the multiple hydrogen bonds (CAP and the residues Arg 222 and His 242 of HSA) and van der Waals forces were the dominant binding force. The site marker competition revealed that CAP bound into sub-domain IIA of HSA. The binding of CAP induced the drastic reduction in α-helix conformation and the significant enhancement in β-sheet conformation of HSA. Molecular docking study further confirmed the binding mode obtained by experimental study. This work provides a new quantitative evaluation method for antibiotics to cause the protein damage.     

750kV罐式断路器内部接地故障保护动作行为分析

针对一起750kV罐式断路器内部接地故障,通过对保护动作数据和波形图进行综合分析,快速、准确地找出故障点并排除了故障。分析结果表明:故障原因为拉杆绝缘材料存在质量问题,在稳态电压下内部放电,致使其绝缘击穿。     

汽轮机高压缸接管焊缝失效分析

针对某电厂一起高压缸接管焊缝发生的泄漏事故,采用宏观检查、金相分析、X射线能谱分析、力学性能试验、扫描电镜观察等分析手段,查明了焊缝失效原因并提出解决和预防措施。分析结果表明:由于热处理工艺不当导致焊接处应力松弛,该处应力集中的粗晶区域的晶界塑性变形量超过该部位塑性变形的能力,从而产生再热裂纹。复杂的应力-应变因素影响,加.速了焊缝裂纹的扩展和开裂,最终导致焊缝泄漏。     

基于Berthollet反应示波极谱法测定水中微量氨

在亚硝基铁氰化钾存在下,氨在氢氧化钠介质中与苯酚、次氯酸钠反应,其产物靛酚在滴汞电极上产生－灵敏的吸附波,ＮＨ３－Ｎ在０．００３～０．２２ｍｇ／Ｌ内,导数峰电流与其呈良好的线性关系。用于环境水中ＮＨ３－Ｎ的测定,其相对标准偏差小于３％,回收率为９７％～１０５％,方法具有较好的选择性。     

水源地土地覆被分类及无人机遥感验证评价方法研究

本文提出一种水源地土地覆被分类及无人机遥感验证评价方法。采用面向对象分类方法对高空间分辨率卫星遥感影像进行土地覆被分类,基于无人机遥感影像,采用随机抽样方法获取多边形样本验证分类结果,建立混淆矩阵后评价分类精度,并采用国产卫星及无人机遥感数据开展示例研究,取得了很好的研究应用效果。     

常压塔塔顶腐蚀关键参量相关性分析与预测

预测常压塔顶回流罐切水的关键离子浓度可以为常压塔顶系统工艺防腐提供技术指导。收集了某炼厂2014-2016年常压装置的生产实时工艺参数、原料及产品采样数据、水质分析化验参数,采用线性插值方法对不同时间尺度的数据进行补全。通过线性相关性分析获得了影响常压塔顶回流罐切水总铁离子浓度、pH的主要因素,并基于深度学习、支持向量机回归、粒子群优化方法建立了腐蚀关键参量预测模型。结果表明,pH值和总铁离子浓度的相关因素大部分重叠,与原料性质及产品馏出温度较强相关;建立的回归模型预测精度高,在训练集和预测集上,总铁离子浓度预测值与测量值最大偏差分别为4. 4%和9. 8%,pH值预测值与测量值最大偏差分别为0. 9%和1. 1%。