排序方式: 共有29条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Mr Selwyn H. Roberts Elizabeth Little Merle Vaughan Michael R. Creasy Anthony Jones Teyrnon G. Powell Andrew J. Dawson 《黑龙江环境通报》1993,13(10):971-975
A woman in the 32nd week of pregnancy was referred for investigation because of fetal abnormalities, including an abdominal wall defect, detected by ultrasonography. In view of the increased risk of chromosome abnormality, amniocentesis was performed to enable informed decisions about the management of the pregnancy and delivery to be taken. Cells from the liquor were inoculated into standard lymphocyte culture medium and incubated for 72 h. Slides with a high mitotic index and good quality metaphases, comparable to those from a blood culture, were obtained after harvesting. Cytogenetic analysis showed the karyotype to be 46,XY,—14,+t(13ql4q), which is consistent with Patau's syndrome. This technique appears to be an option for rapid karyotyping in cases of abdominal wall defect, where a chromosomal abnormality is suspected. 相似文献
2.
Braden R. Allenby 《环境质量管理》1996,5(4):69-84
Industrial ecology is a new multidisciplinary field of study requiring that economic activity be integrated with, and have minimal impact on, surrounding natural systems. This systems-based approach is beginning to be implemented in private firms through the development of Design for Environment (DFE) methodologies and tools which support the integration of technological and environmental considerations in all economic activities. As part of this development process, a matrix system is proposed by the author by which the environmental and energy costs embedded in materials as used in generic applications may be identified, facilitating environmentally and economically efficient selection of materials. This Material Environmental Evaluation Matrix is supported by checklists which inform the evaluation process. A set of completed matrices for major materials in common applications forms the basis for an Environmentally Efficient Materials Database (EEMD). Once completed, the EEMD would inform consumers, product and process designers, business planners and managers, regulators and government purchasers, public interest groups, and others in their choice of optimal, environmentally and economically efficient, material options. 相似文献
3.
Mitigating urban sprawl effects: a collaborative tree and shade intervention in Phoenix,Arizona, USA
Michael J. Bernstein Arnim Wiek Katja Brundiers Kimberly Pearson Amy Minowitz Braden Kay 《Local Environment》2016,21(4):414-431
Communities in Phoenix are confronted with numerous challenges that adversely affect human health and safety, with disproportionate impacts on low-income communities. While some challenges are being addressed at the city level, new alliances at the neighbourhood level are initiating community development programmes and projects. This article reports on an intervention study carried out in collaboration with community representatives, city staff, and non-profit organisations to mitigate adverse effects of urban sprawl in the Sky Harbour Neighbourhood in Phoenix. Participatory research was conducted to design and test a tree and shade intervention. Challenges associated with navigating community desires and broader principles of sustainable development are discussed. The study offers a replicable and adaptable intervention research design aimed at empowering communities to meet urban challenges. 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
Cliff I. Davidson Chris T. Hendrickson H. Scott Matthews Michael W. Bridges David T. Allen Cynthia F. Murphy Braden R. Allenby John C. Crittenden Sharon Austin 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2010,18(7):698-701
The field of engineering is changing rapidly as the growing global population puts added demands on the earth's resources: engineering decisions must now account for limitations in materials and energy as well as the need to reduce discharges of wastes. This means educators must revise courses and curricula so engineering graduates are prepared for the new challenges as practicing engineers. The Center for Sustainable Engineering has been established to help faculty members accommodate such changes through workshops and new educational materials, including a free access website with peer-reviewed materials. 相似文献
7.
Stakeholder groups, defined according to their transcendent values, have different concepts of sustainability. Their prioritizations of individual, family, collective, and local and global environmental issues also differs. Given this, the metrics required for a given sustainable development path are subjective. Therefore, the questions of who should define ecometrics, their transparency, number, state of aggregation, standardization, and benchmarking are questions that require an enfranchised multi-stakeholder debate. At present, corporations have been asked to bear the burden of environmental reporting and eco-indicators have been established to account for material intensity, energy consumption and waste or toxic releases, among other factors. However, the links among these local-, product-, or service-based microecometrics and global states such as temperatures or atmospheric concentrations have yet to be established. The relationship of macroecometrics to individual definitions of sustainable development also has not been addressed. This article summarizes four plenary lectures given at ECOMETRICS '98 in Lausanne, Switzerland. The workshop involved forty participants from industry, academic and government organizations representing seven countries and three continents. 相似文献
8.
Determination of polyfluoroalkyl compounds in water and suspended particulate matter in the river Elbe and North Sea, Germany 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lutz Ahrens Merle Plassmann Zhiyong Xie Ralf Ebinghaus 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2009,3(2):152-170
The distribution of polyfluoroalkyl compounds (PFCs) in the dissolved and particulate phase and their discharge from the river
Elbe into the North Sea were studied. The PFCs quantified included C4-C8 perfluorinated sulfonates (PFSAs), 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS), C6 and C8 perfluorinated sulfinates (PFSiAs), C4-C12 perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs), perfluoro-3,7-dimethyl-octanoic acid (3,7m2-PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA), and n-ethyl perfluroctane sulfonamidoethanol (EtFOSE). PFCs were mostly distributed
in the dissolved phase, where perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) dominated with 2.9–12.5 ng/L. In the suspended particulate matter
FOSA and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) showed the highest concentrations (4.0 ng/L and 2.3 ng/L, respectively). The total
flux of ΣPFCs from the river Elbe was estimated to be 802 kg/year for the dissolved phase and 152 kg/year for the particulate
phase. This indicates that the river Elbe acts as a source of PFCs into the North Sea. However, the concentrations of perfluorobutane
sulfonate (PFBS) and perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) in the North Sea were higher than that in the river Elbe, thus an alternative
source must exist for these compounds. 相似文献
9.
Merle Sowman Maria Hauck Lance van Sittert Jackie Sunde 《Environmental management》2011,47(4):573-583
A historical perspective on MPA identification and governance in South Africa reflects the continued influence of a top-down
and natural science-based paradigm, that has hardly changed over the past half century, despite the wealth of literature,
and a growing consensus, that advocates the need to adopt a more integrated and human-centered approach. Based on extensive
research in two coastal fishing communities, the paper highlights impacts and conflicts arising from this conventional approach
to MPA identification, planning and management. It argues that failure to understand the particular fishery system in all
its complexity, in particular the human dimensions, and involve resource users in planning and decision-making processes,
undermines efforts to achieve conservation and fisheries management objectives. The customary rights of local resource users,
and their food and livelihood needs in relation to marine resources, need to be acknowledged, prioritized and integrated into
planning and decision-making processes. Convincing ecologists, fisheries scientists and managers, that MPA success depends
on addressing the root causes of resource decline and incorporating social factors into MPA identification, planning and management,
remains a huge challenge in South Africa. 相似文献
10.
Mieno, Taro and John B. Braden, 2011. Residential Demand for Water in the Chicago Metropolitan Area. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 47(4):713‐723. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2011.00536.x Abstract: This paper provides the first contemporary analysis of residential water demand in humid Northeastern Illinois, in the vicinity of Chicago, and explores seasonal and income‐based differentials in the responsiveness of water use to water prices. Using a panel of system‐level data for eight water systems and controlling for seasons, weather, incomes, and community characteristics, the analysis yields low estimates of price elasticity of demand for water in line with other studies. Furthermore, price response is greater in summer and less in higher income communities. We suggest that use of seasonal pricing can help mitigate equity issues arising from differential income elasticities while taking advantage of the greater price responsiveness of summertime water use. 相似文献