首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   8867篇
  免费   70篇
  国内免费   266篇
安全科学   334篇
废物处理   350篇
环保管理   1044篇
综合类   1429篇
基础理论   625篇
污染及防治   3621篇
评价与监测   1071篇
社会与环境   556篇
灾害及防治   173篇
  2024年   13篇
  2023年   40篇
  2022年   26篇
  2021年   26篇
  2020年   30篇
  2019年   38篇
  2018年   57篇
  2017年   32篇
  2016年   33篇
  2015年   35篇
  2014年   65篇
  2013年   56篇
  2012年   763篇
  2011年   991篇
  2010年   153篇
  2009年   280篇
  2008年   939篇
  2007年   889篇
  2006年   762篇
  2005年   659篇
  2004年   554篇
  2003年   518篇
  2002年   417篇
  2001年   295篇
  2000年   262篇
  1999年   109篇
  1998年   29篇
  1997年   44篇
  1996年   45篇
  1995年   65篇
  1994年   56篇
  1993年   60篇
  1992年   61篇
  1991年   59篇
  1990年   70篇
  1989年   56篇
  1988年   64篇
  1987年   79篇
  1986年   32篇
  1985年   73篇
  1984年   73篇
  1983年   60篇
  1982年   50篇
  1981年   42篇
  1980年   39篇
  1979年   32篇
  1978年   19篇
  1975年   11篇
  1974年   18篇
  1973年   9篇
排序方式: 共有9203条查询结果,搜索用时 390 毫秒
1.
该文以UV185为光源,研究紫外高级氧化技术对印染废水中酸性红G(ARG)的光降解反应机理。结果表明:UV185对ARG降解具有显著效果,远远优于UV254光源,光照20 min后降解率可达97.4%。光照功率增加对ARG降解效果显著。酸性条件对ARG的降解速率有提升作用,碱性条件有抑制作用,p H为3.0、6.7、9.0、11.0时,反应动力学常数分别是0.261、0.174、0.151、0.093 min-1。降解反应动力学过程符合准一级动力学模型,R2>0.990。自由基捕获实验说明UV185光照中产生的活性物种·OH和1O2对ARG降解贡献程度较大,而·O2-无贡献。台式电子顺磁共振波谱仪检测到·OH和1O2存在,未检测到·O2-。CO3...  相似文献   
2.
港口工程对沿海环境的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
海洋的许多生态参数,如溶解氧浓度和温度等均与环流有关,所以环流的流态对海洋环境的影响十分显著。在海中建造各种建筑物必然会妨碍水体运动,从而影响海洋环境。本文旨在研究港口建筑物对环流运动的影响和由此而引起的环境影响。 文中提出一个可供估算水文参数和废水耗氧量变化的简易数学模型。对于废水引起的富营养化效应也做了分析研究。 在港口工程规划设计阶段,必须进行环境生态影响的研究,如果港口附近有污水排放口,进行环境影响分析尤为重要。 本文介绍的方法,曾应用于靠近雅典城市污水排放区的比雷埃夫斯港的扩建工程。分析表明,如果按照原来的设计进行施工,而忽视工程引起的环境影响,其结果必然导致明显的生态变化。  相似文献   
3.
岷江上游崩塌滑坡分布规律研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
岷江为长江—级支流,上游长330km,自1986年以来,发生崩塌滑坡200余处,体积约2.1亿m ̄3。作者研究了岷江上游崩塌滑坡的分布规律。采用统计指标法,将岷江上游分为三种不同的崩塌滑坡分布密度区:①UXS.高密度区;②MXS,中密度区;③LXS_3低密度区。  相似文献   
4.
在诺贝尔奖得主保罗·塞缪尔森首先提出的经济理论中,有这样一种见解,即不能指望不受控制的市场会保护环境。按照这一理论,清洁的空气和水属于“公共消费品”,其价值在市场过程中是得不到充分反映的。那些可能制造污染的人不会考虑他们行为的社会成本,而只关心自身承担的成本;此外,由于清洁环境的工作甚至可以使那些袖手旁观者也蒙受其益,如此一来,人人都会自然而然地想坐享其成。同样,如果市场不能立竿见影地反映出保存多样化生物或拯救具体物种的利益,土地拥有者也不会愿意为公益而出钱保护环境。这一理论认为,如果没有政府干预,环境就得不到充分保护。  相似文献   
5.
西澳大利亚布罗克曼稀有金属矿化,是富含挥发份和不相容元素(例如Zr、IJf、Nb、Ta、Be、Y和REE及Ga等)的粗面岩岩浆发生早期火山碎屑喷发的结果。矿化呈三。粒状(<20μm),是由于相对简单的岩浆前身矿物(如铌铁矿和钻石),在岩浆喷发后保存于灰流凝灰岩[奈厄比厄姆(Niobium)凝灰岩]中的岩浆期后富F溶液的作用下,发生蚀变和再活化的结果。球粒陨石标准化的REE分布模式显示,矿体强烈富集HREE。胶质锆石是HREE主要载体,浸染状氟碳铈矿(±氟碳钙铈矿和直氟碳钙铈矿)是LREE的载体,晚期方解石脉中的羟硅滚石是Be的载体。Ga赋存于基质K云母中。上覆于奈厄比厄姆凝灰岩的粗面岩流含有许多类似的矿石矿物,但含量略有不同。  相似文献   
6.
库里提巴市的可持续性与规划程序   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
可持续性是一个关于人与自然或社会与环境平衡的概念。根据自身历史、地理或社会文化背景的不同,每个人或社会对这一概念的理解也不相同。虽然在理论上缺乏一致性,但是可持续发展概念一直存在于社会的自然与人为空间适应和变化过程中,以及以生存和发展为目的的生产过程中。当涉及到城市或城市空间时,这些过程反映了一个社会认可、支配和确定保证满足基本需求范围的方式,同时确保城市随着时间的发展而生存下来。  相似文献   
7.
From an economic point of view, the industrial economy is efficient to overcome situations of a scarcity of goods. From a technological point of view, the resource efficiency of the manufacturing processes of the industrial economy has been permanently improved during the last 200 years. In addition, cleaner processes have been developed. However, from an ecologic point of view, an increasing world population with increasing consumption has produced a "global footprint" which approaches the carrying capacity of the planet. A circular economy and its high-value spin-offs-a lake economy and a performance or functional service economy-can fulfil customers' needs with considerably less resource consumption, less environmental impairment in production and considerably less end-of-life product waste, especially in situations of affluence, when a considerable stock of physical goods and infrastructures exists. Also, in situations of a scarcity of natural resources, both energy and materials, often characterised by rapidly rising resource prices, the economic actors of a circular economy have a high competitive advantage over the actors of the industrial economy, due to much lower procurement costs for materials and energy. From a social point of view, a circular economy increases the number of skilled jobs in regional enterprises. However, the shift from a linear manufacturing economy to a circular or service economy means a change in economic thinking from flow (throughput) management to stock (asset) management: in a manufacturing economy with largely unsaturated markets, total wealth increases through accumulation as resource throughput (flow) is transformed into a higher stock of goods of better quality (but in a manufacturing economy with largely saturated markets, wealth represented by the stock of goods will no longer increase); in a circular or service economy, total wealth increases through a smart management of existing physical assets (stock) that are adapted to changes in both technology and customer demand. This second approach not only applies to physical capital but equally to social capital, such as health and education and green GDP. To measure the social wealth of a population, it is not the amount of money spent on schools and hospitals that matters, butif this expenditure has led to a better education of the students, and a better health of the people.  相似文献   
8.
环境问题的产生很大程度上是过度消费导致的。青年是社会的未来。青年能否 转换消费观念,树立绿色消费模式,积极投身保护环境,直接决定了未来社会 的发展。  相似文献   
9.
Radioactive sulphate (35SO4) was applied to the soil below a Scots pine forest on 23 June 1989, and its movement into the canopy and into throughfall and stemflow was measured over 4 months. The specific activity, Bq (mg S)(-1), of the canopy increased monotonically; uptake by current-year (1989) expanding needles was initially twice as fast as by older needles or live twigs. By 10 October the canopy average specific activity was 62 Bq (mg S)(-1). The specific activity of net throughfall (throughfall + stemflow - rain), deduced from measurements from six throughfall collectors, six stemflow collectors and two rain collectors, fell rapidly from 12.6 Bq (mg S)(-1) in late July to <1 Bq (mg S)(-1) in mid-August. The results suggest (assuming rapid equilibration of 35S with sulphate in soil) that root-derived sulphate contributed c. 3% of sulphate in net throughfall and that dry deposition of SO2 and sulphate particles contributed c. 97% of the 0.56 g S m(-2) measured in net throughfall over the period. Simultaneous measurements of SO2 at canopy height and of NH3 above and within the canopy gave mean concentrations of 5.9 and 0.86 microg m(-3), respectively, sufficient to account for the sulphate measured in net throughfall only if codeposition of NH3 and SO2 occurred to canopy surfaces. The large values of specific activity observed in July, however, indicate that throughfall composition may be closely related to recent soil input of sulphate, and that equilibrium cannot be safely assumed. The possibility of a significant contribution of soil-derived sulphate to sulphate deposition in net throughfall cannot be ruled out on the basis of this experiment.  相似文献   
10.
Micrometeorological methods were applied to measure fluxes of atmospheric ammonia (NH3) to moorlands. Measurements were made in a wide variety of surface conditions and included both Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull and Eriophorum vaginatum L. dominated sites. NH3 was found to deposit rapidly to all the sites investigated, providing large deposition velocities (Vd, typically 10-40 mm s(-1)) and usually minimal surface resistances (rc). A small number of measurements were made in frozen conditions and suggest a possible exception to this pattern with mean rc of 50-200 s m(-1). The effect of vegetation drying was also investigated and a possible increase in rc observed, though this was small (< 10 s m(-1)). The results are interpreted in terms of the processes controlling exchange; it is shown that NH3 deposition is predominantly to the leaf surfaces and that the net NH3 compensation point approaches zero. Annual estimates show that dry deposition of NH3 is a major source of atmospheric nitrogen to moorland ecosystems. For two typical UK sites subject to background air concentrations, NH3 dry deposition is of similar magnitude to equivalent NH4+ inputs in wet deposition. In the vicinity of emission sources, NH3 dry deposition is expected to dominate inputs of atmospheric nitrogen.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号