城市空气中多环芳烃定量测定方法

本文发展了一种对城市空气中多环芳烃(PAH)定量测定的方法。该方法可以用极少量溶剂,相当快地完成测定工作。     

Factors affecting trace-metal bioaccumulation in Finnish headwater lakes

Fourteen unpolluted Finnish headwater lakes with pH values varying from 4.8 to 7.0 were studied for trace-metal concentrations in water, sediment, aquatic plants (Nuphar luteum L., Sparganium sp.), aquatic insect larvae (Limnophilus sp., Phryganea sp.) and fish (Esox lucius L., Perca fluviatilis L., Coregonus sp., Salvelinus fontinalis L., Salmo trutta L.). Trace-metal deposition was estimated by analysing the snowpack. Non-parametric correlation analysis was carried out between trace metal concentrations in biota and pH, ANC, TOC, CA + Mg concentration in water and a given metal concentration in water and sediment. Bioaccumulation of several trace metals increased with increasing acidity and decreasing ANC in water. This was especially true for Pb and Cd. Aquatic plants were, in general, the best indicator group concerning differences in trace-metal bioaccumulation in lakes with different acidity. There was some evidence that a higher concentration of TOC in water may reduce bioaccumulation of Pb, Cd and Zn in aquatic plants and fish. The copper concentration in sediment was the only background variable explaining Cu concentration in aquatic insects. Multivariate analysis of the whole background data gave comparable preliminary results. Over 80% of the trace metal concentrations in biota of different lakes was explained by the background variables. In general, elevated concentrations of most of these trace metals can be expected to occur in the biota of acidified low calcareous lakes.     

用广义λ—分布拟合空气污染数据

广义λ-分布是一个四参数可变通的概率模型,包括多种单变量分布,这一模型可用于表示空气污染浓度的频率分布。本文采用土耳其安卡拉每日的烟和SO_2监测数据,来证明广义λ-分布具有良好的拟合性质。这里还讨论了与分位数估计和拟合优度有关的一些结果,并与经典对数正态分布进行了比较。     

远东的水质污染(下)

在远东国家的水生生态系中,保守型污染物方面的可用资料少于有机物方面的资料。由于痕量金属和有机氯或碳水化合物的测定技术要求很高,远东的许多设施还不能提供所需的仪器。除此而外,该地区所面临的明显问题是加强仪器的维护。尽管如此,     

关于杜阿拉盆地(喀麦隆)有机质的地球化学研究—Ⅰ.可抽提有机质的演化及石油的形成

杜阿拉盆地位于现在尼日尔河三角洲的东南部,被喀麦隆山脉将其与三角洲分开,在1955—1957年间,在该盆地洛格巴巴(Logbaba)附近钻了四口井,各井彼此相距数百米。 Reyre(1964)描述了盆地的形成;大概在早白垩世(Albian)它开始和大西洋通道     

东非断裂带喷发岩中的铌和钽

东非断裂带分布有晚第三纪到第四纪的各种各样的岩石。这些岩石分为中等碱性的(玄武岩的)和碱性的(钠质和钾质的)岩系。玄武岩系包括苦橄-玄武岩。玄武岩、粗面安山岩和粗面岩,广泛发育在东     

清洁水面的监测与油污染源的鉴别

在开阔海面上发现石油 在无风和水流作用的清洁海面,溢油以圆形污染面的形式相当快地向外扩散,例如,1立方米原油在10分钟内可扩散为平均油膜厚度为0.5毫米、直径为48米的圆形污染面,而100分钟后,圆形面则可增长至直径100米、膜厚0.1微米。     

土耳其西南部安迭士利克-捷姆巴拉利克地区的铬铁矿和高铁铬铁矿的电子显微探针研究

土耳其西南部的橄榄岩可分为北部单元和南部单元。从达特查半岛向东延伸,每一单元的面积超过700平方公里。安迭士利克-捷坶巴拉利克(Andizlik-Zimparalk)位于北部单元东,端弗提耶之北40公里处。本区是一个铬矿经济资源地。橄榄岩体总的走向为NW-SF。岩体南北与沉积围岩以倾向橄榄岩的冲断层带相接触。沉积岩未变质,主要由古生代和中生代灰岩及中新世复理层所组成。