全文获取类型
收费全文 | 54篇 |
免费 | 2篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 2篇 |
环保管理 | 18篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
基础理论 | 24篇 |
污染及防治 | 7篇 |
评价与监测 | 1篇 |
社会与环境 | 1篇 |
灾害及防治 | 2篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 1篇 |
2015年 | 1篇 |
2014年 | 4篇 |
2013年 | 6篇 |
2012年 | 1篇 |
2011年 | 2篇 |
2010年 | 4篇 |
2009年 | 2篇 |
2008年 | 4篇 |
2007年 | 5篇 |
2006年 | 4篇 |
2005年 | 7篇 |
2003年 | 3篇 |
2002年 | 2篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有58条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
NÁRGILA G. MOURA ALEXANDER C. LEES ALEXANDRE ALEIXO JOS BARLOW SIDNEI M. DANTAS JOICE FERREIRA MARIA DE FÁTIMA C. LIMA TOBY A. GARDNER 《Conservation biology》2014,28(5):1271-1281
Local, regional, and global extinctions caused by habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation have been widely reported for the tropics. The patterns and drivers of this loss of species are now increasingly well known in Amazonia, but there remains a significant gap in understanding of long‐term trends in species persistence and extinction in anthropogenic landscapes. Such a historical perspective is critical for understanding the status and trends of extant biodiversity as well as for identifying priorities to halt further losses. Using extensive historical data sets of specimen records and results of contemporary surveys, we searched for evidence of local extinctions of a terra firma rainforest avifauna over 200 years in a 2500 km2 eastern Amazonian region around the Brazilian city of Belém. This region has the longest history of ornithological fieldwork in the entire Amazon basin and lies in the highly threatened Belém Centre of Endemism. We also compared our historically inferred extinction events with extensive data on species occurrences in a sample of catchments in a nearby municipality (Paragominas) that encompass a gradient of past forest loss. We found evidence for the possible extinction of 47 species (14% of the regional species pool) that were unreported from 1980 to 2013 (80% last recorded between 1900 and 1980). Seventeen species appear on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List, and many of these are large‐bodied. The species lost from the region immediately around Belém are similar to those which are currently restricted to well‐forested catchments in Paragominas. Although we anticipate the future rediscovery or recolonization of some species inferred to be extinct by our calculations, we also expect that there are likely to be additional local extinctions, not reported here, given the ongoing loss and degradation of remaining areas of native vegetation across eastern Amazonia. Doscientos Años de Extinciones Locales de Aves en la Amazonia Oriental 相似文献
2.
Infrastructure and Conservation Policy in Brazil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Abstract: The development of transportation and energy infrastructure has been a major driver in the conversion of natural ecosystems in Brazil since the nineteenth century. Although this pattern is present in most countries, Brazil differs in the scale of opportunities that are still available to build its physical infrastructure while pursuing an ambitious conservation agenda. This advantage stems from the magnitude of intact ecosystems, a dynamic policy environment, and the increasing availability of biological and economic data needed to harmonize conservation with public works. Success depends on integrating conservation and infrastructure planning, rather than relying on the project based, largely ineffective environmental assessment process. Front-loading environmental mitigation and compensation will also help, as will improving public access to, and understanding of, information on the environmental and economic values at stake in major infrastructure decisions. 相似文献
3.
WILFRIED DE CORTE 《组织行为杂志》1997,18(1):67-82
This article presents the extension of the one-cohort probationary selection (OCPS) framework (De Corte, 1994) to a multiple cohort model and shows how the extension can be applied to estimate the utility of probationary selection with replacement (PSWR) when a fixed quota of successfully performing selectees is required. Next, formulas to compute the net present value of the OCPS and the PSWR approach to the selection of a fixed quota of successful employees are derived. The equations indicate that the latter approach will usually lead to a higher utility, but not necessarily to a higher net present value of the predictor selected workforce. This finding, which is corroborated by the results of an example application, is of immediate practical relevance because it justifies the probationary selection with replacement practice that is adopted in many West European countries. Finally, the example results suggest also that the traditional Brogden–Cronbach–Gleser framework generally overestimates the incremental utility of using a predictor when the objective is to select a fixed quota of successful selectees. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
4.
OMAR DOMÍNGUEZ-DOMÍNGUEZ‡ LUIS BOTO† FERNANDO ALDA† GERARDO PÉREZ-PONCE DE LEÓN§ IGNACIO DOADRIO† 《Conservation biology》2007,21(1):168-180
Abstract: The Mesa Central of Mexico is of special conservation interest due to its high richness of freshwater fish species, of which the goodeines are one of the most representative groups. Through an integrated approach, we determined conservation priorities for goodeine populations. We based our recommendations on the genetic diversity (variation in five microsatellite DNA loci) in 10 populations of Zoogoneticus quitzeoensis and on an analysis of ecological (e.g., presence of exotic species), social (e.g., political situation), and environmental (e.g., pollution) information for 52 historical occurrence points for species in the genus Zoogoneticus . Patterns of genetic erosion and genetic diversity indices were closely associated with human impact. Recent bottleneck events were most evident in the populations from remnants of the lakes drained at the beginning of the twentieth century. We identified seven operational conservation units (OCUs), all of which should be conserved because they contain unique portions of the total variation of the species. Special attention needs to be given to increase genetic variability, recover population sizes, and reestablish contact among populations within OCUs. It is imperative to create an integrative and effective approach for the recovery and conservation of the freshwater fish diversity of Central Mexico that is based on social and natural sciences. 相似文献
5.
Karen R. Hall Jean Spooner Robert J. Richardson Steve T. Hoyle Douglas J. Frederick 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2014,50(3):533-542
Microstegium vimineum is an invasive grass introduced from Asia that has spread throughout riparian areas of the eastern United States threatening native riparian vegetation. Postemergence (POST) herbicides registered for aquatic use were evaluated for control of M. vimineum on two riparian restoration sites in the Piedmont and Upper Coastal Plain of North Carolina. This study found that standard and lower than standard rates of diquat, fluridone, flumioxazin, glyphosate, imazamox, and imazapyr reduced weed stem density and biomass at 6 and 30 weeks after treatment (WAT). Both rates of bispyribac and penoxsulam provided less control of M. vimineum. Visual ratings showed both rates of diquat, flumioxazin, imazamox, and imazapyr controlled 63‐100% of M. vimineum at 6 WAT and 84‐100% at 30 WAT. Fluridone and glyphosate provided slightly less control. Bispyribac and penoxsulam treatments provided less control at 6 and 30 WAT compared to the other treatments. Plots treated with both rates of diquat, flumioxazin, imazamox, and imazapyr were nearly devoid of all vegetation at 30 WAT. Recommendations include POST application of lower than standard rates of diquat, flumioxazin, fluridone, glyphosate, imazamox, and imazapyr on riparian restoration sites infested with M. vimineum. Immediate vegetation management measures including temporary and permanent plant cover should be employed on treated sites where weeds are completely eradicated to prevent erosion. 相似文献
6.
Environmental Auditing and the Role of the Accountancy Profession: A Literature Review 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
This review of the literature on environmental auditing and the potential role of accountants distinguishes between compliance audits and audits of the environmental management system. After an extensive introduction to the concept, this review focuses on the similarities and differences between an environmental audit and a financial statement audit. The general approach to both types of audits is similar, except that environmental audits are largely unregulated. Both audits place an emphasis on the evaluation of control systems, which is an argument in favor of external auditors playing a role in environmental audits. Another argument for including external accountants is their code of ethics. However, these professionals seem to be reluctant to enter the field of environmental auditing. It is argued that this reluctance is because of a lack of generally accepted principles for conducting environmental audits. If external accountants are engaged in environmental auditing, they should be part of multidisciplinary teams that also include scientists and engineers to avoid a too strong focus on procedures. Rather than treating these audits as totally different, it is proposed that there be a move towards integrated, or even universal, audits. 相似文献
7.
8.
Biodiversity and Conservation of Plants in Brazil 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
ANA MARIA GIULIETTI§ RAYMOND M. HARLEY† LUCIANO PAGANUCCI DE QUEIROZ MARIA DAS GRAÇAS LAPA WANDERLEY‡ CASSIO VAN DEN BERG 《Conservation biology》2005,19(3):632-639
Abstract: With more than 56,000 species (excluding fungi), Brazil has one of the richest floras in the world—nearly 19% of the world flora. Our knowledge of the diversity and status of nonvascular plants in Brazil is still fragmentary, although localized studies on algae have revealed loss of species resulting from environmental pollution. Emphasis on local floral surveys, rather than wider taxonomic studies, has obscured estimates of national totals for most taxonomic groups. Knowledge of angiosperms, especially monocotyledons (of which 45% of the species are endemic), is more complete than most. For this group figures are more reliable, with some distribution patterns, endemism levels, and centers of diversity identified. Much, however, still awaits discovery. Coordinated efforts to catalog Brazil's flora are in progress and include projects such as the conservation priority-setting workshops of the Brazilian Ministry of the Environment, which have identified key conservation areas in the major biomes; development of threatened species lists for plants; and the assembly of type data on species of northeastern Brazil through the Darwin Initiative—all of which greatly assist in increasing our knowledge. These initiatives also underline the urgent need to expand the numbers and geographic spread of projects on plant systematics and taxonomy in Brazil, a measure that demands adequate provision of funding and training programs for plant specialists. Finally, Brazil's environmental agency (IBAMA) could play a proactive role in opening protected areas under its jurisdiction, thereby facilitating botanical research by university departments and research institutes. 相似文献
9.
Using Vascular Plants as a Surrogate Taxon to Maximize Fungal Species Richness in Reserve Design 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
ALESSANDRO CHIARUCCI† FRANCESCA D'AURIA† VINCENZO DE DOMINICIS† ANGELA LAGANÀ† CLAUDIA PERINI† ELENA SALERNI† 《Conservation biology》2005,19(5):1644-1652
Abstract: Fungi are a hyperdiverse taxonomic group that may be disappearing at a very high rate. Identifying fungal species is difficult in the field, and the use of highly specialized taxonomists is required. Data and expertise on vascular plants are, on the other hand, much more common and easy to find. We tested the potential of using vascular plants as surrogates to select reserve sites that maximize the pooled number of fungal species. We used data from 25 forest plots in Tuscany, Italy, that were sampled for woody plants, all other plants, and fungi. Species richness of woody plants and all other plants did not correlate with species richness of fungi. The gradients in species composition were similar among the three considered groups, as indicated by a detrended correspondence analysis ordination and species complementarity between pairs of plots. Fungal communities of the 25 plots had a lower β diversity than plant communities, and there were no pairs of totally complementary sites. Site prioritization for conservation was obtained through integer linear programming to find for any given number of sites those combinations containing the maximum pooled species richness of woody plants or all plants. The combinations of sites obtained by optimizing vascular plant species did not maximize the pooled species richness of fungi, whereas those obtained by maximizing woody plant species provided better results for sets of four to eight plots, but not for all the possible combinations. These results indicated that, in general, vascular plants cannot be used to maximize fungal species richness. 相似文献
10.
GENTILE FRANCESCO FICETOLA†‡ EMILIO PADOA-SCHIOPPA† FIORENZA DE BERNARDI 《Conservation biology》2009,23(1):114-123
Abstract: Studies on riparian buffers have usually focused on the amount of land needed as habitat for the terrestrial life stages of semiaquatic species. Nevertheless, the landscape surrounding wetlands is also important for other key processes, such as dispersal and the dynamics of metapopulations. Multiple elements that influence these processes should therefore be considered in the delineation of buffers. We analyzed landscape elements (forest cover, density of roads, and hydrographic network) in concentric buffers to evaluate the scale at which they influence stream amphibians in 77 distinct landscapes. To evaluate whether our results could be generalized to other contexts, we determined whether they were consistent across the study areas. Amphibians required buffers of 100–400 m of suitable terrestrial habitat, but interspecific differences in the amount of habitat were large. The presence of amphibians was related to roads and the hydrographic network at larger spatial scales (300–1500 m), which suggests that wider buffers are needed with these elements. This pattern probably arose because these elements influence dispersal and metapopulation persistence, processes that occur at large spatial scales. Furthermore, in some cases, analyses performed on different sets of landscapes provided different results, which suggests caution should be used when conservation recommendations are applied to disparate areas. Establishment of riparian buffers should not be focused only on riparian habitat, but should take a landscape perspective because semiaquatic species use multiple elements for different functions. This approach can be complex because different landscape elements require different spatial extents. Nevertheless, a shift of attention toward the management of different elements at multiple spatial scales is necessary for the long-term persistence of populations. 相似文献