低温低浊微污染水源水预氧化处理工艺设计

选用预氧化处理工艺以提高混凝絮凝效果,减少停留时间从而实现在小型设备中较高的处理量;占地面积小且速度快的气浮池代替了普通的沉淀池,并在混凝沉淀处理药剂和消毒处理药剂上选择了在低温条件下效果好的.     

The regulatory role of endogenous iron on greenhouse gas emissions under intensive nitrogen fertilization in subtropical soils of China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Anaerobic batch experiments were conducted to study the regulatory role of endogenous iron in greenhouse gas emissions under intensive nitrogen...     

孔道结构对柴油机DPF压降及再生特性的影响

针对微粒捕集器（DPF）内部碳烟及灰分颗粒特征,运用AVL-Fire软件建立了六边形孔道结构柴油机微粒捕集器模型。 针对不同排气流量、进口温度、孔密度、碳烟和灰分沉积量,对六边形孔道及四边形孔道DPF压降特性和碳烟再生特性进行分析,并研究灰分分布形式对不同孔道形状DPF的影响。 结果表明：排气质量流量越大,进口温度越高,不同孔道结构的压降敏感性增大;与传统四边形孔道DPF相比,当碳烟沉积量较低时,六边形孔道DPF压降损失较高;随着碳烟沉积量的增加,六边形孔道DPF压降损失较低,且碳烟承载量较大;灰分在DPF孔道表面层状分布可以有效阻止碳烟深床捕集模式,降低压降损失;六边形孔道DPF能够有效提高碳烟及灰分容量,且碳烟捕集及再生效率较高,再生速率较快,热应力较小,可以降低DPF主动再生频率,延长使用寿命。     

高效酶促进剂Accell在养猪废水处理工艺中的应用研究

为了考察高效酶促进剂在养猪废水处理工艺中的功能,在养猪废水治理工艺的生化段SBR反应器进水中投加高效酶促进剂Accell.两套相同的装置平行运行的效果对比表明:投加Accell可减少剩余污泥的排放量,增加溶氧效率,强化污染物的去除效果;投加高效酶的装置对COD的去除可在SBR反应器基础上再减少40%以上,对NH3-N的去除可进一步再减少25%以上,对P的去除也有一定的促进作用.     

硫酸盐还原菌包埋固定化及微生物群落分析

为实现硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)批量富集培养与包埋技术的工业化应用,采用纤维丝挂膜方式进行SRB的批量富集培养,以高通量测序方法分析SRB培养前后微生物种群变化,并采用生物包埋技术对富集后的厌氧污泥进行包埋;研究了SRB纤维丝填料、包埋填料活性恢复过程及对高浓度硫酸盐的去除情况;探讨了饥饿环境对于该包埋填料的影响。结果表明：采用间歇运行的小空间厌氧移动床进行SRB的培养,历时50 d,硫酸盐去除率最终稳定在80%以上;富集后的硫酸盐还原功能菌Desulfomicrobium比例由36.06%上升至58.68%,还原速率由49.32 mg·(L·h)⁻¹上升至338.7 mg·(L·h)⁻¹;采用聚乙烯醇(PVA)制作了SRB生物活性包埋填料,在包埋填料填充率为20%情况下,包埋填料对硫酸盐的去除效率最高可达91.96%;经15 d的饥饿环境后,对SRB包埋填料进行短期恢复,即可实现重复利用。该包埋填料具有良好的硫酸盐还原性能和恢复性能,为其工业化应用提供技术参考。     

不同温度对SBR腐殖活性污泥系统运行效能的影响

在10～22℃范围内,通过实验考察了温度对腐殖土间歇式活性污泥处理(SBR)系统的运行特性的影响.实验结果表明,降低温度对SBR腐殖活性污泥系统去除COD影响不大,当温度降至10℃时,COD去除率仍可达到80%以上;在22～14℃范围内,SBR腐殖活性污泥系统对NH+4-N和TN的去除影响不大,温度降至10℃时,NH+...     

A Modelling Study of Transient,Buoyancy-Driven Exchange Flow over a Descending Barrier

Results are presented from a series of model studies of the transient exchange flow resulting from the steady descent of an impermeable barrier separating initially-quiescent fresh and saline water bodies having density ₀ and ₀+()₀, respectively. A set of parametric laboratory experiments has been carried out (i) to determine the characteristic features of the time-dependent exchange flow over the barrier crest and (ii) to quantify the temporal increase in the thickness and spatial extent of the brackish water reservoir formed behind the barrier by the outflowing, partly-mixed saline water. The results of the laboratory experiments have been compared with the predictions of a theoretical model adapted from the steady, so-called maximal exchange flow case and good qualitative agreement between theory and experiment has been demonstrated. The comparisons indicate that head losses of between 7% and 3% are applicable to the flow over the ridge crest in the early and late stages, respectively, of the barrier descent phase, with these losses being attributed to mixing processes associated with the counterflowing layers of fresh and saline water in the vicinity of the ridge crest. The experimental data show (and the theoretical model predictions confirm) that (i) the dimensionless time of detection t _det(g/H _b)^1/2 of the brackish water pool fed by the dense outflow increases (at a given distance from the barrier) with increasing values of the descent rate parameter g'H _b/(dh _b/dt)² and (ii) the normalised thickness (x,t)/H _b of the pool at a given reference station increases monotonically with increasing values of the modified time (t–t _det)/(H _b/g)^1/2, with the rate of thickening decreasing with increasing values of the descent rate parameter g'H _b(dh _b/dt)². Here, g=(g/₀)()₀ is the modified gravitational acceleration, H _b is the mean depth of the water and dh _b/dt denotes the rate of descent of the barrier height h _b with elapsed time t after the two water bodies are first brought into contact.     

改性SBA-15对电厂尾气CO_2的吸附性能研究

文章以三嵌段共聚物P123为模板剂、正硅酸乙酯为硅源,水热合成了介孔分子筛SBA-15,以3-丙胺基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)为氨基化剂,采用浸渍法将其嫁接到SBA-15孔内,形成氨基化的SBA-15用于吸附电厂尾气CO2。通过氮等温吸附-脱附、XRD、TEM等测试技术对其进行了表征,考察了改性前后SBA-15的吸附性能。结果表明:改性前后的SBA-15对电厂尾气中CO2均具有良好的吸附性能,改性的SBA-15比合成的SBA-15吸附性能要好。     

铬污染土壤电阻率特性及其影响因素研究

为了研究电阻率法用于土壤环境监测的可行性,本文采用SoilMillerBox法进行铬污染土壤的电阻率影响因素实验,依据实验数据建立了污染土壤电阻率与三因素（铬污染物含量、含水率、土壤孔隙比）之间的关系模型,并于模拟污染场地中利用电阻率层析成像法对其进行验证.结果表明,根据三因素正交实验得到影响污染土壤电阻率变化的主次因...     

基于Fisher判别理论的尾矿库安全评价模型

结合多元统计分析中的判别分析思想,建立尾矿库安全等级评价的Fisher判别模型。以湖南某尾矿库为例,合理选取一星期内观测的44组尾矿库数据进行判别分析,其中4组为检验样本,不参与判别函数的训练。研究结果表明,安全超高与标准判别函数之间的汇聚组间绝对相关性最大;各类协方差矩阵F检验的显著性概率Sig.0.05,判别分析显著;训练样本回判的正确率高达95%,检验样本判别的正确率达到100%,判别结果与实际尾矿库的安全情况基本吻合,为尾矿库的安全评价提供了一条更加系统、精准的途径。