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1.
Aramjoo Hamed Farkhondeh Tahereh Aschner Micheal Naseri Kobra Mehrpour Omid Sadighara Parisa Roshanravan Babak Samarghandian Saeed 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(4):3994-4006
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The effects of diazinon (DZN), an organophosphate pesticide, on lipid profiles have been extensively reported. However, controversy on this issue... 相似文献
2.
Petrash Daniel A. Novák Martin Bohdálková Leona Krachler Micheal Čuřík Jan Veselovský František Štěpánová Markéta Umbría-Salinas Karelys Přechová Eva Komárek Arnost 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(13):16107-16121
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Arsenic (As) concentrations and deposition fluxes were measured in snow and rime at 10 mountain-top sites near the borders between the Czech Republic... 相似文献
3.
Co-operative breeding by the Australian Bell Miner Manorina melanophrys Latham: A test of kin selection theory 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Micheal F. Clarke 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》1984,14(2):137-146
Summary A population of Bell Miners Manorina melanophrys cosisted of two social units (clans), each consisting of one or more monogamous paris and numerous helpers. Individuals of a breeding pair occupied one home range, while non-breeding individuals occupied partially overlapping home ranges. Attendants (i.e. parents and helpers) showed clear preferences as to whom they aided (fed) and how much aid they provided. A significant correlation was found between the amount of aid given by an attendant and the genetic relationship between the attendant and the recipient. This provides strong quantitative evidence for the theory of kin selection. Only 14% of eggs laid produced juveniles which lived longer than 3 months. It is suggested that the extremely high juvenile mortality favours individuals which help relatives, even while such individuals have dependent offspring of their own. 相似文献
4.
Michael J. McFarland Glenn R. Palmer Steve L. Rasmussen Micheal M. Kordich Dean A. Pollet James A. Jensen 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(7):1041-1051
Abstract The U.S. Department of Defense-approved activities conducted at the Utah Test and Training Range (UTTR) include both operational readiness test firing of intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) motors, as well as the destruction of obsolete or otherwise unusable ICBM motors through open burn/open detonation (OB/OD). Within the Utah Division of Air Quality, these activities have been identified as having the potential to generate unacceptable noise levels, as well as significant amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Hill Air Force Base, UT, has completed a series of field tests at the UTTR in which sound-monitoring surveillance of OB/OD activities was conducted to validate the Sound Intensity Prediction System (SIPS) model. Using results generated by the SIPS model to support the decision to detonate, the UTTR successfully disposed of missile motors having an aggregate net explosive weight (NEW) of 81,374 lb without generating adverse noise levels within populated areas. In conjunction with collecting noise-monitoring data, air emissions were collected to support the development of air emission factors for both static missile motor firings and OB/OD activities. Through the installation of 15 ground-based air samplers, the generation of combustion-fixed gases, VOCs, and chlorides was monitored during the 81,374-lb NEW detonation event. Comparison of field measurements to predictions generated from the US Navy energetic combustion pollutant formation model, POLU4WN, indicated that, as the detonation fire ball expanded, organic compounds, as well as CO, continued to oxidize as the combustion gases mixed with ambient air. VOC analysis of air samplers confirmed the presence of chloromethane, vinyl chloride, benzene, toluene, and 2-methyl-1-propene. Qualitative chloride analysis indicated that gaseous HCl was generated at low concentrations, if at all. 相似文献
5.
Michael J. McFarland Glenn R. Palmer Micheal M. Kordich Dean A. Pollet James A. Jensen Mitchell H. Lindsay 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(8):1111-1121
Abstract The U.S. Department of Defense approved activities conducted at the Utah Test and Training Range (UTTR) include both operational readiness test firing of intercontinental ballistic missile motors as well as the destruction of obsolete or otherwise unusable intercontinental ballistic missile motors through open burn/open detonation (OB/ OD). Within the Utah Division of Air Quality, these activities have been identified as having the potential to generate unacceptable noise levels, as well as significant amounts of hazardous air pollutants. Hill Air Force Base, UT, has completed a series of field tests at the UTTR in which sound-monitoring surveillance of OB/OD activities was conducted to validate the Sound Intensity Prediction System (SIPS) model. Using results generated by the SIPS model to support the decision to detonate, the UTTR successfully disposed of missile motors having an aggregate net explosive weight (NEW) of 56,500 lbs without generating adverse noise levels within populated areas. These results suggest that, under appropriate conditions, missile motors of even larger NEW may be detonated without exceeding regulatory noise limits. In conjunction with collecting noise monitoring data, air quality data was collected to support the development of air emission factors for both static missile motor firings and OB/OD activities. Through the installation of 15 ground-based air samplers, the generation of combustion fixed gases, hazardous air pollutants, and chlorides were monitored during the 56,500-lb NEW detonation event. Comparison of field measurements to predictions generated from the U.S. Navy’s energetic combustion pollutant formation model, POLU4WN, indicated that, as the detonation fireball expanded from ground zero, organic compounds as well as carbon monoxide continued to oxidize as the hot gases reacted with ambient air. Hazardous air pollutant analysis of air samplers confirmed the presence of chloromethane, benzene, toluene, 1,2-propadiene, and 2-methyl-1-propene, whereas the absence of hydrogen chloride gas suggested that free chlorine is not generated during the combustion process. 相似文献
6.
7.
McFarland MJ Palmer GR Rasmussen SL Kordich MM Pollet DA Jensen JA Lindsay MH 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2006,56(7):1041-1051
The U.S. Department of Defense-approved activities conducted at the Utah Test and Training Range (UTTR) include both operational readiness test firing of intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) motors, as well as the destruction of obsolete or otherwise unusable ICBM motors through open burn/open detonation (OB/OD). Within the Utah Division of Air Quality, these activities have been identified as having the potential to generate unacceptable noise levels, as well as significant amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Hill Air Force Base, UT, has completed a series of field tests at the UTTR in which sound-monitoring surveillance of OB/OD activities was conducted to validate the Sound Intensity Prediction System (SIPS) model. Using results generated by the SIPS model to support the decision to detonate, the UTTR successfully disposed of missile motors having an aggregate net explosive weight (NEW) of 81,374 lb without generating adverse noise levels within populated areas. In conjunction with collecting noise-monitoring data, air emissions were collected to support the development of air emission factors for both static missile motor firings and OB/OD activities. Through the installation of 15 ground-based air samplers, the generation of combustion-fixed gases, VOCs, and chlorides was monitored during the 81,374-lb NEW detonation event. Comparison of field measurements to predictions generated from the US Navy energetic combustion pollutant formation model, POLU4WN, indicated that, as the detonation fire ball expanded, organic compounds, as well as CO, continued to oxidize as the combustion gases mixed with ambient air. VOC analysis of air samplers confirmed the presence of chloromethane, vinyl chloride, benzene, toluene, and 2-methyl-1-propene. Qualitative chloride analysis indicated that gaseous HCl was generated at low concentrations, if at all. 相似文献
8.
McFarland MJ Watkins JW Kordich MM Pollet DA Palmer GR 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2004,54(3):342-351
The Sound Intensity Prediction System (SIPS) and Blast Operation Overpressure Model (BOOM) are semiempirical sound models that are employed by the Utah Test and Training Range (UTTR) to predict whether noise levels from the detonation of large missile motors will exceed regulatory thresholds. Field validation of SIPS confirmed that the model was effective in limiting the number of detonations of large missile motors that could potentially result in a regulatory noise exceedance. Although the SIPS accurately predicted the impact of weather on detonation noise propagation, regulators have required that the more conservative BOOM model be employed in conjunction with SIPS in evaluating peak noise levels in populated areas. By simultaneously considering the output of both models, in 2001, UTTR detonated 104 missile motors having net explosive weights (NEW) that ranged between 14,960 and 38,938 lb without a recorded public noise complaint. Based on the encouraging results, the U.S. Department of Defense is considering expanding the application of these noise models to support the detonation of missile motors having a NEW of 81,000 lb. Recent modeling results suggest that, under appropriate weather conditions, missile motors containing up to 96,000 lb NEW can be detonated at the UTTR without exceeding the regulatory noise limit of 134 decibels (dB). 相似文献
9.
Srikanth R Viswanatham KS Kahsai F Fisahatsion A Asmellash M 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2002,75(2):169-177
A study was undertaken to estimate fluoride content in thegroundwater in certain parts of rural Eritrea, North-East Africa,along the River Anseba. Standard procedure was adopted for fluoride detection. Results indicate elevated concentration offluoride in groundwater. The highest concentration was found tobe 3.73 mg L-1, well above the safety level for consumption.Geological basis for the high concentration of high fluoride hasbeen established; it is presumed to be the pegmatite intrusion hosted by a granitic batholith. Extensive dental fluorosis has been observed in the population exposed to drinking water of highfluoride content. 相似文献
10.
Summary. Nickel hyperaccumulator plants contain unusually elevated levels of Ni (>1,000 mg Ni kg−1). The high Ni concentration of hyperaccumulator tissues may affect ecosystem processes such as decomposition, but this has
yet to be studied under field conditions. We used Senecio coronatus Thunb. (Harv.) from two pairs of serpentine sites: one member of each pair contained a hyperaccumulator population and the
other a non-hyperaccumulator population. Our main goal was to determine if leaf Ni status (hyperaccumulator or non-hyperaccumulator)
affected leaf decomposition rate on serpentine sites. We also used a non-serpentine site on which leaves from all four S. coronatus populations were placed to compare decomposition at a single location. Dried leaf fragments were put into fine-mesh (0.1 mm)
nylon decomposition bags and placed on field sites in mid-summer (early February) 2000. Sets of bags were recovered after
1, 3.5, and 8 months, their contents dried and weighed, and the Ni concentration and total Ni content of high-Ni leaves was
measured. For the serpentine sites, there was no significant effect of leaf Ni status or site type on decomposition rates
at 1 and 3.5 months. By 8 months, leaf Ni status and site type significantly influenced decomposition on one pair of sites:
hyperaccumulator leaves decomposed more slowly than non-hyperaccumulator leaves, and leaves of both types decomposed more
slowly on the non-hyperaccumulator site. At the non-serpentine site, the highest-Ni leaves (15,000 mg Ni kg−1) decomposed more slowly than all others, but leaves containing 9,200 mg Ni kg−1 did not decompose more slowly than non-hyperaccumulator leaves. Nickel in decomposing hyperaccumulator leaves was released
rapidly: after 1 month 57–68% of biomass was lost and only 9–28% of original Ni content remained. We conclude that very high
(>10,000 mg Ni kg−1) leaf Ni concentrations may slow decomposition and that Ni is released at high rates that may impact co-occurring litter-
and soil-dwelling organisms. 相似文献