Improved 4-nitrophenol removal at Ti/RuO2–Sb2O4–TiO2 laser-made anodes

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, binary and ternary mixed metal oxide anodes of Ti/RuO2–Sb2O4 and Ti/RuO2–Sb2O4–TiO2 were prepared using two different...     

Electrochemical oxidation of benzene on boron-doped diamond electrodes

This work presents an electrochemical investigation of the benzene oxidation process in aqueous solution on boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes. Additionally, in order to determine the main products generated during the oxidation process, electrolysis and high performance liquid chromatography experiments were carried out. The complete degradation of this compound was performed aiming to a further application in waste water treatment. The cyclic voltammetry studies indicate that benzene is irreversibly oxidized in acid medium (H₂SO₄ 0.5 M) on the BDD electrode surface at 2.0 V versus Ag/AgCl in a diffusion controlled process. During the cycling, other products are generated, and a pair of peaks was observed that can be associated with the oxi-reduction of anyone of the following species: hydroquinone, benzoquinone, resorcinol or catechol. The electrolysis experiments were carried out at 2.4 and 2.5 V on the BDD electrode surface in a solution containing 1 × 10⁻² M of benzene (below the saturation concentration in aqueous solution), for 3 and 5 h, respectively. The main products measured were: hydroquinone, resorcinol, p-benzoquinone, catechol and phenol. The complete electrochemical benzene degradation was performed in the electrolysis experiments using a rotating BDD disc electrode (2.5 V for 5 h) and the main products detected were all measured at concentrations lower than 10⁻⁵ M in this condition. The boron-doped diamond electrode had proved to be a valuable tool for the electrochemical degradation of the benzene, a very stable chemical compound.