氨基修饰增强的Fe/Cu-MOF对罗丹明B的光催化降解性能及相关机理

利用溶剂热合成法合成了氨基修饰的Fe/Cu-MOF-NH₂,分别采用XRD、SEM、N₂吸附-脱附、UV-vis、EA等检测方法进行了表征分析,并将其用于RhB的光催化降解,考察了RhB的初始质量浓度、催化剂质量浓度和pH对光催化降解的影响。结果表明,氨基的引入显著提升了催化剂的可见光响应性能;在合成Fe/CuMOF-NH₂时,当含氨基配体与不含氨基配体的摩尔比为1∶1、RhB初始质量浓度为300 mg·L^-1、催化剂质量浓度为1 mg·mL^-1、pH为4.2时,光照4 h后,催化剂对RhB的去除率达到99.53%。活性物种淬灭实验结果表明,·OH、h⁺分别是Fe/Cu-MOF-NH₂和Fe/Cu-MOF在催化降解过程中的主要活性物种。以上结果可为探究Fe/CuMOF-NH₂光催化降解RhB的机制提供参考。     

沙颍河流域行政单元的排污权初始分配研究

初始排污权的有效分配是排污权交易制度实施的基础,结合中国现行行政特征,以行政单元作为排污权初始分配主体开展排污权初始分配研究。具体是：以沙颍河流域为例,根据淮河水利委员会制定的沙颍河流域水功能区划及COD、氨氮限排总量要求,以COD、氨氮作为排污权初始分配的客体,通过等比例削减方法对沙颍河流域内的行政单元进行了排污权初始分配,得到了流域内各市县级行政单元的COD、氨氮初始排放权,并在此基础上从政策可行性、区域合作性及上下游城市的协调性等方面提出了开展排污权初始分配的若干建议。     

村镇小型生活垃圾热处理炉底渣的理化特性

小型垃圾热处理设备可实现就地处置,节约运输成本,目前在中国山区、丘陵地带的村镇得到广泛应用.为了解村镇小型生活垃圾热处理炉底渣的理化特性及其影响因素,对中国云南、贵州、安徽村镇实际运行的小型生活垃圾热处理设备产生的底渣进行取样,分析其热灼减率、物理组成、化学组成、晶相组成、重金属含量和浸出特性,探讨处理工艺、地域及季节...     

Preparation of porous semi-IPN temperature-sensitive hydrogel-supported nZVI and its application in the reduction of nitrophenol

Nanoscale zero-valent iron(n ZVI) particles supported on a porous, semi-interpenetrating(semi-IPN), temperature-sensitive composite hydrogel(PNIPAm-PHEMA). n ZVI@PNIPAmPHEMA, was successfully synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, SEM, EDS, XRD and the weighing method. The loading of nZVI was 0.1548 ± 0.0015 g/g and the particle size was30–100 nm. NZVI was uniformly dispersed on the pore walls inside the PNIPAm-PHEMA.Because of the well-dispersed n ZVI, the highly porous structure, and the synergistic effect of PNIPAm-PHEMA, nZVI@PNIPAm-PHEMA showed excellent reductive activity and wide p H applicability. 95% of 4-NP in 100 m L of 400 mg/L 4-NP solution with initial p H 3.0–9.0 could be completely reduced into 4-AP by about 0.0548 g of fresh supported n ZVI at 18–25 °C under stirring(110 r/min) within 45 min reaction time. A greater than 99% 4-NP degradation ratio was obtained when the initial p H was 5.0–9.0. The reduction of 4-NP by nZVI@PNIPAm-PHEMA was in agreement with the pseudo-first-order kinetics model with Kobsvalues of 0.0885–0.101 min-1.NZVI@PNIPAm-PHEMA was able to be recycled, and about 85% degradation ratio of 4-NP was obtained after its sixth reuse cycle. According to the temperature sensitivity of PNIPAmPHEMA, n ZVI@PNIPAm-PHEMA exhibited very good storage stability, and about 88.9%degradation ratio of 4-NP was obtained after its storage for 30 days. The hybrid reducer was highly efficient for the reduction of 2-NP, 3-NP, 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol and 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol. Our results suggest that PNIPAm-PHEMA could be a good potential carrier, with n ZVI@PNIPAm-PHEMA having potential value in the application of reductive degradation of nitrophenol pollutants.     

工商资本下乡背景下农村环境合作治理研究——基于D村的案例

伴随工商资本下乡参与乡村振兴的热潮,农村地区成为了企业竞相追逐的"蓝海"之地.对农村环境污染进行治理是落实绿色发展理念、实现美丽乡村建设的重要基石.通过对D村进行深度访谈和问卷调查发现,资本与生俱来的趋利性本质,导致了D村环境污染的进一步恶化.合作治理理论在农村环境治理中发挥着独特优势,工商资本下乡背景下建设生态型政府...     

碳交易背景下天津市电力行业碳排放强度与基准线

电力行业是我国碳排放权交易体系中的重要参与行业,开展区域电力行业碳排放强度分析与基准线设置研究,不仅有利于区域因地制宜地开展行业碳减排工作,同时对全国统一碳市场的建立尤其是电力行业配额分配方案的确定具有重要参考价值.基于天津市2014年15家主要发电企业的32台发电机组数据,在核算分析天津市电力行业碳排放强度的基础上,设置实际排放情景、现行标准先进值情景及综合减排情景等3组基准线情景,并展开对天津市电力行业碳减排的适用性分析.研究表明:①在数据和统计基础较好、产品单一的行业采用基准法进行配额分配,有利于碳市场资源的公平、合理配置,可有效促进区域电力行业低碳发展;②2014年天津市电力行业碳排放强度为822.9 g/（kW·h）,燃煤发电与燃气发电碳排放强度分别为824.4与502.0 g/（kW·h）;③发电碳排放强度可反应出单台机组的能耗和管理水平,燃煤发电方式下,采用压力参数高、机组容量大的机组发电更有利于降低区域碳强度;④综合减排情景既考虑了本地区电力行业碳排放水平,同时参考了其他省市基准线设定,对部分类型机组数量较少、代表性不足的地区适用性更强,该情景对地区电力行业低碳水平要求最为严格,虽然为企业减排带来一定压力,但更有利于区域行业减排,且对于排放强度较高的较小容量机组能够起到更强的激励作用.      

A wetland plant,Phalaris arundinacea,accumulates nitrogen and phosphorus during senescence

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Secondary pollution resulting from shoot death is a difficult problem that complicated the application of wetland plants for water purification in...     

微生物和硬毛藻对天鹅湖不同湖区沉积物氮磷释放的影响

荣成天鹅湖为一天然瀉湖,近年来绿潮硬毛藻大量爆发,内源污染日益严重。以大型硬毛藻和不同湖区沉积物为试材,设置沉积物+水、沉积物+水(灭菌)、沉积物+水+藻、沉积物+水+藻(灭菌)4个处理,研究了不同微生物活性及藻类条件下上覆水体氮磷质量浓度的变化,同步监测水土界面DO和pH等理化参数,以探讨藻分解和微生物对天鹅湖不同湖区沉积物氮磷释放的影响,为藻华消亡过程中内源污染的治理提供理论依据。结果表明,微生物存在和硬毛藻分解可使水体氮质量浓度明显增加(P<0.05)。试验过程中,水体总氮在有藻和无藻条件下的质量浓度变幅分别为1.56-14.11 mg·L^?1和0.11-8.96 mg·L^?1,后期灭菌处理明显低于未灭菌处理。藻分解对水体磷质量浓度具有极显著影响(P<0.01),有藻条件下灭菌处理总磷质量浓度为0.31-1.27 mg·L^?1,未灭菌处理为0.27-1.41 mg·L^?1;而无藻条件下灭菌和未灭菌处理变幅分别为0.019-0.047 mg·L^?1和0.025-0.078 mg·L^?1。在天鹅湖,不同湖区沉积物氮磷的释放能力存在差异,水体氮质量浓度在有藻和无藻条件下均表现为西北部>湖中心>湖南部,磷质量浓度有藻条件下与氮一致,而无藻条件下则表现为湖中心>西北部>湖南部。湖中心沉积物处理水体营养盐浓度受微生物活性影响较大。3种因素对水体氮磷质量浓度的影响效应表现为:藻类>微生物>沉积物。可见,在藻类大量暴发且微生物活性较高的湖中心及西北部,沉积物氮磷的释放潜力较大,尤其在藻类堆积腐烂时期,应引起足够重视。     

Positive remediation on sedimentary P by combination of capping with calcium hydroxide and oxidation with perhydrol

The capping is called passive remediation because the sedimentary P was released and then immobilized by the capping materials. However, the release depends on the environmental conditions. Therefore, a hypothesis was proposed that the oxidant was used to accelerate sedimentary P release and the capping material was used to capture those released P. It is positive remediation to reduce sedimentary P amount. The results show that soluble reactive phosphorus（SRP） concentration in the overlying wat...     

Models for Initial Allocation of Emission Permits in a River Basin During Industrial Development： A Case Study of Huaihe River Basin, China

At present,water pollutant emission trading plays an increasingly important role in pollution control in many foreign countries,and its pilot studies and demonstration have also been started in China.In order to solve the problem of initial allocation of emission permits: premise and basis of emission trading in a river basin,basic principles on initial allocation of actual emission permits in China are put forward.And it is thought that local development stage of industry should be taken into full account for initial allocation model of emission permits.There are five different allocation models in different development stages of industry,including models like distribution according to needs,improved same-rate reduction,performance,integration and environmental capacity,etc.The initial allocation of emission permits in various basins should choose a suitable model in accordance with their respective development stages.It is suggested in this article that integrated allocation model should be a main choice for current development stage of industry in China.