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1.
Schröder W Hornsmann I Pesch R Schmidt G Markert B Fränzle S Wünschmann S Heidenreich H 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2007,133(1-3):495-505
The study was conducted to test the hypothesis that the regional variability of nitrogen (N) and metal accumulations in terrestrial ecosystems are due to historical and recent ways of landuse. To this end, two regions of Central Europe were selected for investigation: the Weser-Ems Region (WER) and the Euro Region Nissa (ERN). They were assumed to have land use-specific accumulation profiles. Thus, the metal and N accumulations in both regions were examined by means of geostatistically based comparative moss analysis. The sampling and chemical analysis of mosses were conducted in accordance with the convenient guidelines and methods, respectively. The spatial representativity of the sampling sites was computed by means of a land classification which was calculated for Europe by means of classification trees and GIS-techniques. The differences of deposition loads were tested for statistical significance with regard to time and space. The measurement values corroborated the decline of metal accumulation observed since the beginning of the European Metals in Mosses Surveys in 1990. The metal loads of the mosses in the ERN exceeded those in the WER significantly. The opposite holds true for the N concentrations: those in the WER were significantly higher than those in the ERN. The reduction of emissions from power plants, factories and houses was strongly correlated with the decline of deposition and bioaccumulation of metals. As proved by the European Metals in Mosses Surveys, this tendency is due to successful environmental policies. But no such success could be verified by monitoring the accumulation of N in mosses. 相似文献
2.
Thomas Abeli Sarah Dalrymple Sandrine Godefroid Andrea Mondoni Jonas V. Müller Graziano Rossi Simone Orsenigo 《Conservation biology》2020,34(2):303-313
The alarming current and predicted species extinction rates have galvanized conservationists in their efforts to avoid future biodiversity losses, but for species extinct in the wild, few options exist. We posed the questions, can these species be restored, and, if so, what role can ex situ plant collections (i.e., botanic gardens, germplasm banks, herbaria) play in the recovery of plant genetic diversity? We reviewed the relevant literature to assess the feasibility of recovering lost plant genetic diversity with using ex situ material and the probability of survival of subsequent translocations. Thirteen attempts to recover species extinct in the wild were found, most of which used material preserved in botanic gardens (12) and seed banks (2). One case of a locally extirpated population was recovered from herbarium material. Eight (60%) of these cases were successful or partially successful translocations of the focal species or population; the other 5 failed or it was too early to determine the outcome. Limiting factors of the use of ex situ source material for the restoration of plant genetic diversity in the wild include the scarcity of source material, low viability and reduced longevity of the material, low genetic variation, lack of evolution (especially for material stored in germplasm banks and herbaria), and socioeconomic factors. However, modern collecting practices present opportunities for plant conservation, such as improved collecting protocols and improved cultivation and storage conditions. Our findings suggest that all types of ex situ collections may contribute effectively to plant species conservation if their use is informed by a thorough understanding of the aforementioned problems. We conclude that the recovery of plant species currently classified as extinct in the wild is not 100% successful, and the possibility of successful reintroduction should not be used to justify insufficient in situ conservation. 相似文献
3.
Boy Jens Strey Simone Schönenberg Regine Strey Robert Weber-Santos Oscarlina Nendel Claas Klingler Michael Schumann Charlotte Hartberger Korbinian Guggenberger Georg 《Regional Environmental Change》2018,18(1):63-75
Regional Environmental Change - Soil carbon stocks of 29 plots along a transect through tropical Brazil showed only minor soil carbon losses after land use shift, although replacement of... 相似文献
4.
Alexandre Bevilacqua Leoneti Valquiria Aragão-Leoneti Simone Vasconcelos Ribeiro Galina Geciane Silveira Porto 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2017,19(2):637-651
Brazil is considered one of the world’s leading producers of biofuels given the predominance of ethanol fuel in its energy matrix. However, despite the prominence of Brazil in ethanol production, the vast majority of biodiesel production plants in Brazil use methanol instead of ethanol as the alcohol for transesterification reaction, as is generally the case in the rest of the world. The aim of this paper is therefore to examine the transesterification process in the Brazilian biodiesel production in terms of sustainability. In this regard, it was necessary to evaluate the way in which the industrial process is currently carried out, the role of government incentives or subsidies for the use of ethanol to produce biodiesel, and the investments of companies in technology development for the same purpose. This study presents indications that the development of the biodiesel market in Brazil is still oriented toward a production model which is inconsistent with the environmental and social aspects of sustainability. 相似文献
5.
Simone Guadagnucci Morillo Adriana Luchs Audrey Cilli Cibele Daniel Ribeiro Rita de Cássia Compagnoli Carmona Maria do Carmo Sampaio Tavares Timenetsky 《Food and environmental virology》2017,9(2):142-148
Norovirus (NoV) is recognized as the most common cause of foodborne outbreaks. In 2014, an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis occurred on a cruise ship in Brazil, and NoV became the suspected etiology. Here we present the molecular identification of the NoV strains and the use of sequence analysis to determine modes of virus transmission. Food (cream cheese, tuna salad, grilled fish, orange mousse, and vegetables soup) and clinical samples were analyzed by ELISA, conventional RT-PCR, qRT-PCR, and sequencing. Genogroup GII NoV was identified by ELISA and conventional RT-PCR in fecal samples from 5 of 12 patients tested (41.7%), and in the orange mousse food sample by conventional RT-PCR and qRT-PCR. Two fecal GII NoV samples and the orange mousse GII NoV sample were successfully genotyped as GII.Pe (ORF 1), revealed 98.0–98.8% identities among them, and shared phylogenetically distinct cluster. Establishing the source of a NoV outbreak can be a challenging task. In this report, the molecular analysis of the partial RdRp NoV gene provided a powerful tool for genotyping (GII.Pe) and tracking of outbreak-related samples. In addition, the same fast and simple extraction methods applied to clinical samples could be successfully used for complex food matrices, and have the potential to be introduced in routine laboratories for screening foods for presence of NoV. 相似文献
6.
Conti Marcelo Enrique Plà Rita Simone Cristina Jasan Raquel Finoia Maria Grazia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(31):38819-38834
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study aims to investigate the airborne elements’ deposition by using native Usnea barbata lichens as biomonitors in the forested areas of... 相似文献
7.
Machado Santos Simone Cabral Neto João Mendonça Silva Maisa 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(6):5782-5793
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Lead acid battery (LAB) scrap management is an important issue both environmentally and economically. The recovery of lead from battery scrap leads to... 相似文献
8.
Gosetti Fabio Robotti Elisa Bolfi Bianca Mazzucco Eleonora Quasso Fabio Manfredi Marcello Silvestri Simone Facchi Arianna Marengo Emilio 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(21):21274-21294
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Rice cultivation requires a large use of pesticides and nutrients to control weed proliferation and improve production. The water quality of four... 相似文献
9.
Marino Tiziana Galiano Francesco Simone Silvia Figoli Alberto 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(15):14774-14785
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The possibility of replacing traditional toxic solvents normally employed during the preparation of polymeric membranes with greener alternatives... 相似文献
10.
Antonietta Specchiulli Monia Renzi Tommaso Scirocco Lucrezia Cilenti Marisa Florio Paolo Breber Silvia Focardi Simone Bastianoni 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,160(1-4):237-256
The aims of this study were to analyse sediment characteristics and macrobenthic assemblages in two very close Italian coastal lagoons (Lesina and Varano) and to assess the different behaviour between the two basins and the relationship between sediment matrix and benthic organisms within and between the two lagoons. The comparative study was performed in July 2007 at 13 sampling sites in Lesina lagoon and 15 sites in Varano basin for sediment grain size, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and macrobenthic structure analyses. Both lagoons were generally dominated by fine-grained sediments (clay and silt components). The average contents of TOC and TN measured in Lesina was higher than in Varano (3.31% vs 2.52% for TOC and 5,200 μg·g???1 vs 3,713 μg·g???1 for TN); in contrast, the TP was lower (540 μg·g???1 vs 620 μg·g???1). Based on macrobenthic community patterns, the central zone in Varano lagoon and the eastern area in Lesina lagoon were characterised by the lowest abundance (168.7 ind·m???2 and 503.2 ind·m???2, respectively) and by the lowest number of species, as highlighted by the diversity indices (Shannon–Wiener, H ′ range was 0.47–1.45 for Lesina and 0.00–1.68 for Varano; Margalef species richness, d range was 0.00–1.67 for Lesina lagoon and 0.00–2.38 for Varano basin). Ordination diagrams suggested an influence of marine and freshwater inputs on the sediment distribution in Varano lagoon and on macrobenthic assemblages in Lesina lagoon. 相似文献