武汉市蔡甸区洪北农业示范区创建国家级生态乡镇的达标评判

本文以武汉市蔡甸区洪北农业示范区2012年数据为基准,对生态乡镇创建指标进行了研究和可达性分析,以期为生态乡镇创建工作提供科学依据和实践经验。研究结果表明:经过不懈努力,蔡甸区洪北农业示范区生态乡镇创建五项基本条件和15类21项考核指标均可以在规划期内达到。     

甲基叔丁基醚毒性研究综述

对国内外有关甲基叔丁基醚毒性的研究结果作了综述。目前的研究结果表明，不同的个体之间对ＭＴＢＥ及其代谢产物具有一定的遗传毒性和轻微的生殖毒性；可诱导肝细胞色素Ｐ－４５０活性的升高；多数试验显示，ＭＴＢＥ具有动物致癌效应；不同学者对于长期低浓度接触情况下，ＭＴＢＥ对人体健康可能会产生的影响存在争论。     

论城市气象灾害及防治对策

依据国内外城市气候的观测资料和分析研究文献，从合理利用城市气候资源和防灾减灾角度，首次论述了城市气象灾害种类（公共、特定和相关三大类9种）以及防治对策。     

应用前景广阔的微波处理技术

本文阐述了微波原理及在化学领域中的应用，其具有经济，快速、方便的特点，用微波处理环境样品可代替传统化学处理方法。     

尿素对除草剂氯磺隆在三种土壤上的吸附影响

利用平衡吸附法研究了三种供试矿物对氯磺隆的吸附及尿素对吸附的影响。供试矿物对氯磺隆的吸附符合Langmuir方程,最大吸附量大小顺序为:非晶形氧化铝(2322μg/g)针铁矿(2071μg/g)高岭土(1326μg/g);尿素的加入使得磺酰脲除草剂氯磺隆在非晶形氧化铝、针铁矿表面的吸附量都有不同程度的下降,其中非晶形氧化铝降低的幅度最大,但在高岭土表面的吸附量有所增加,且尿素和氯磺隆同时加入时增加更显著。     

A/O法处理医疗废水及快速挂膜方法

本文对A/O法处理医疗废水进行了探讨与实践,采用快速挂膜技术,可提高挂膜质量、缩短挂膜时间、提高处理效率,A/O法处理医疗废水工程实例说明该工艺可作为中、小型医院(生活)污水处理优选方案。     

江苏省流域水生态功能分区

水生态功能区划是科学开展水生态环境保护工作的重要手段,是指导产业布局、水资源开发的重要依据。江苏省流域水生态功能分区在近中远期结合时间尺度原则、集中式生活饮用水水源地优先保护原则等分区原则的指导下对全省水资源进行了一级分区和二级分区的划分,一级分区包括长江流域、淮河流域、太湖流域和近岸海域4个分区,二级分区包括宁镇扬丘陵平原水生态亚区、长江三角洲平原水生态亚区、徐宿淮丘陵平原水生态亚区等10个分区。同时,本文对江苏省流域水生态功能分区的分区体系如等级体系、分区方法体系进行了讨论。     

二恶英及类似有毒有害物的处理技术

二恶英、多氯联苯、多环芳香烃及化学武器等有毒有害物的处理技术已取得长足进展。这些有毒有害物的处理技术可概括为物理方法、化学方法、物理化学方法和生物降解法。本文从概念、应用场合、分解效率以及操作条件等方面对这些方法分别进行了介绍，重点介绍和评述了吸附和催化法，以及应用前景很好的生物降解技术。     

水质自动监测站运行管理常见问题和解决方法

近几年烟台市大沽夹河流域水质自动监测站运行管理中的一些经验，对水质自动监测zhong容易产生的问题进行简要介绍，同时对这些问题的解决方法和对策进行探讨。     

Temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of sunshine duration over Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 1961 to 2020北大核心CSCD

Based on observation data of daily sunshine duration from 1961 to 2020 at 175 meteorological observation stations over Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, spatial transformation analysis, climate trend analysis and M-K mutation test were used to analyze the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of the seasonal and annual sunshine duration in the region in the last 60 years. The results show that (1) annual average sunshine duration was 2 323 h, the maximum was 3 487 h in Gaer, Tibet, and the minimum was 771 h in Ya'an, Sichuan. The high-value areas were mostly located in western Tibet, northern Qinghai, western Gansu, and Xinjiang, and the low-value areas were mostly located in Nyingchi in Tibet, the mountainous area on the western edge of the Sichuan Basin, and northwestern Yunnan. The highest sunshine duration was recorded in winter (631 h), and the lowest was recorded in autumn (555 h) among the four seasons. (2) The average decrease in annual sunshine duration was 10.27 h/10 a. The largest rates of decrease were mainly in Gannan of Gansu and Ganzi of Sichuan, with the largest rate of decrease of 130 h/10 a. The areas with large rates of increase were mainly in Hotan area of Xinjiang, Liangshan of Sichuan and Lhasa of Tibet, with the largest increase of 61 h/10 a. Among the four seasons, spring exhibited an upward trend, and the remainder exhibited a downward trend. (3) Before 2017, the annual sunshine duration increased but declined after 2017. Spring sunshine duration had the largest number of mutation years, and the earliest mutation time was 1963. Winter had the fewest number of mutation years and the latest mutation time occurred in 2015. In summary, the annual and seasonal sunshine duration of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau vary greatly in space, but with the general characteristics of more sunshine in the northwest and less in the southeast, and sunshine hours were mainly decreasing, with 2017 as a mutation point of annual sunshine duration. Most areas of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have great potential for photosynthetic production and are suitable for the development of light-loving plants and high-density planting. Shade-loving or shade-tolerant plants, including tea, are suitable for development in remote mountainous areas with low sunshine values in the western part of the basin, including Ya’an, Sichuan, and other areas, such as Medog, Tibet. © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved.