造纸行业的清洁生产技术与措施分析

分析了我国造纸行业的污染现状，提出了推行清洁生产是造纸行业可持续发展的必要条件。然后从革新工艺与降污减废以及污染治理与废物利用两个方面系统阐明了推行造纸行业清洁生产的技术、措施及其环境经济效益，归纳了推行清洁生产的政策与管理方法，旨在对造纸业发展及实施污染治理工程技术借鉴作用。     

固化法处理废干电池

介绍了电池的历史及其生产的现状、排废特征 ;简述了废旧干电池对环境的危害及其回收处理工艺和经济环境效益 ;结合金霸王 (中国 )有限公司废干电池的特点和电池废料的处理现状 ,对其采用固化法处理 ,然后进行渗漏试验并作出结果分析和评述 ;最后对废干电池的回收处理提出建议。     

人与非洲猎豹相处的日子

我从路华汽车里小心翼翼地滑出来，带着大型摄影机以及各式各样的器材，这可不是件容易的事。     

Landmark memories are more robust when acquired at the nest site than en route: experiments in desert ants

Foraging desert ants, Cataglyphis fortis, encounter different sequences of visual landmarks while navigating by path integration. This paper explores the question whether the storage of landmark information depends on the context in which the landmarks are learned during an ant's foraging journey. Two experimental set-ups were designed in which the ants experienced an artificial landmark panorama that was placed either around the nest entrance (nest marks) or along the vector route leading straight towards the feeder (route marks). The two training paradigms resulted in pronounced differences in the storage characteristics of the acquired landmark information: memory traces of nest marks were much more robust against extinction and/or suppression than those of route marks. In functional terms, this result is in accord with the observation that desert ants encounter new route marks during every foraging run but always pass the same landmarks when approaching the nest entrance.     

电化学检测离子色谱法测定氰化物、硫化物、碘化物和溴化物

用离子色谱(IC)和通过银工作电极的电化学检测来分离和检测氰化物、硫化物、碘化物和溴化物。它们的检测性限分别为2PPb、30PPb、lOPPb和lOPPb。氰化物和硫化物能同时测定,以及还有其它能被IC测定的一般阴离子。包含在镉和锌络合物中的氰化物作为总游离氰化物被定量测定,而包含在镍和铜络合物中的氰化物只有一部分作为游离氰化物被测定。在金、铁或钴络合物中强键合的氰化物不被测定。虽然离子交换技术能容易地使氰化物或硫化物与大多数普遍的阴离子分离,但是它们通过一般的方法如电导法的检测是     

Fluid Mechanics of Biological Surfaces and their Technological Application

 A survey is given on fluid-dynamic effects caused by the structure and properties of biological surfaces. It is demonstrated that the results of investigations aiming at technological applications can also provide insights into biophysical phenomena. Techniques are described both for reducing wall shear stresses and for controlling boundary-layer separation. (a) Wall shear stress reduction was investigated experimentally for various riblet surfaces including a shark skin replica. The latter consists of 800 plastic model scales with compliant anchoring. Hairy surfaces are also considered, and surfaces in which the no-slip condition is modified. Self-cleaning surfaces such as that of lotus leaves represent an interesting option to avoid fluid-dynamic deterioration by the agglomeration of dirt. An example of technological implementation is discussed for riblets in long-range commercial aircraft. (b) Separation control is also an important issue in biology. After a few brief comments on vortex generators, the mechanism of separation control by bird feathers is described in detail. Self-activated movable flaps (=artificial bird feathers) represent a high-lift system enhancing the maximum lift of airfoils by about 20%. This is achieved without perceivable deleterious effects under cruise conditions. Finally, flight experiments on an aircraft with laminar wing and movable flaps are presented.     

Protozoan colonization on artificial substrates in relation to water quality in a tropical Indian harbour

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经济、能源、环境的综合评价模型

前言十年来,各国曾发生多起有关能源与环境问题。这种无秩序的不断增加的能源消费,廉价能源供给日益减少的经济发展比例,加重了环境污染。因此,对能源供给和环境保护的有关决策已介入了政治,这是所有发达国家而临困境所作出的必然结果。这结果产生了把环境政策和能源政策加以模型化,作为分析判断的尝试。为考查能源、经济与环境之间的相互关系,社会科学以及其他领域的专家共同完成了第一个模型,此模型揭示了能源,包含经济活动及其活动场所与环境之间相互作用,经济与环境具有极为密切的关系,环境也     

澳大利亚原油对比的研究

<正> 在过去的几年里,计算机化的色谱-质谱已被认为是在原油对比研究中起了重要的作用,尤其重要的是它能够检测出原油或生油岩有机质中的微量生物标志物。在原油对比中,最广泛使用的生物标志物是甾烷和藿烷型的三萜烷等。本报告是用计算机化的色谱-质谱研究澳大利亚几个不同盆地所获得的一系列原油的结果,尤其是关于这些原油中的二环倍半萜类、二萜类以及甾烷和三萜烷的研究结果。