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181.
Stephen O. Duke Hamed K. Abbas Mary V. Duke Hee Jae Lee Kevin C. Vaughn Tadashi Amagasa 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(3):427-434
Abstract Microbes are sources of a diverse array of phytotoxic compounds. These compounds are generally structurally different from commercial herbicides, targeting different molecular sites of action within the plant. These novel structures and sites can be excellent leads for the discovery and development of safer synthetic herbicides. Microbial phytotoxins are often more environmentally benign than synthetic herbicides. Examples of phytotoxins from fungi (AAL‐toxin, cornexistin, cyperin, and tentoxin) with novel structures and sites of action are discussed. AAL‐toxin is toxic to a wide variety of weeds at very low dose rates. AAL‐toxin and many of its analogues kill plants by inhibiting a ceramide synthase‐like enzyme, causing rapid accumulation of free sphingoid bases that disrupt membranes. Cornexistin appears to be metabolically cnverted to an inhibitor of certain aspartate amino transferase isoenzymes. Its activity can be reversed by feeding aspartate and glutamate or with tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates. Its activity is much like that of (aminooxy)acetate. Cyperin is a diphenylether phytotoxin that inhibits protoporphyrinogen oxidase, but does not kill plants by this mechanism. It appears to have other effects on porphyrin metabolism. Tentoxin is toxic by two mechanisms. It disrupts chloroplast development by inhibiting the processing of a nuclear‐coded plastid protein, and it also inhibits photophosphorylation by acting as an energy transfer inhibitor of coupling factor 1 ATPase. Other examples of phytotoxins from microbes with promise as herbicides will be mentioned. 相似文献
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AbstractThe impact of sub-lethal exposure to deltamethrin on the expression of hepcidin, ferroportin and transferrin genes in Wistar rats was studied. A dosage of 30?mg/kg per day for five days was found to modify the hepcidin-ferroportin axis that primarily governs iron homeostasis. Significant variations in erythrocyte, leukocyte, lymphocyte, platelet and monocyte counts, as well as the reduced serum protein profile, suggested anemia. The results collectively demonstrated the novel finding of deltamethrin’s disruptive effect on iron homeostasis. 相似文献
185.
Fakhar ul Islam Samina Jalali Mustafa Nawaz Shafqat Syed Tahir Abbas Shah 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2017,104(11-12):104
Endosulfan is an organochlorine pesticide that is toxic to aquatic life. Endosulfan might hamper the reproductive health of indigenous fish in agricultural areas of Pakistan where this pesticide is sprayed widely. The aim of the current study is to investigate the toxic effects of endosulfan on selected reproductive parameters of male freshwater fish, Cyprinion watsoni. Two concentrations of endosulfan (0.5 and 1 ppb for 30 days exposure) were tested for their effects on body weight, body length, and testicular weight, length, and width. Testicular testosterone was assayed from tissue extracts using enzyme immunoassay (EIA). A significant increase in the mortality rate was observed in both treated groups during both spawning and quiescent seasons. The overall behavior of fish in the aquarium was normal in all control and treated groups. However, the treated fish exhibited anxiety after treatment with endosulfan. The body weight and length, and testicular weight, length and width were not significantly different to the control group. The testicular testosterone concentrations were significantly lower in both endosulfan-treated groups compared to the control. The decrease was dose-dependent, with a significant difference between the two treated groups. The histomorphological results demonstrated various testicular alterations in the treated groups. These alterations included an increase in interlobular areas and clumping patterns in spermatocytes/spermatids. Because spermatids eventually differentiate into sperms, their low count will directly result in lower sperm count. Taken together, these results suggest that endosulfan is a toxicant that at least disturbs testosterone levels (possibly others) and negatively impacts the reproductive health of male freshwater fish. 相似文献
186.
Md Manik Mian Guijian Liu Balal Yousaf Biao Fu Rafay Ahme Qumber Abbas Mehr Ahmed Mujtaba Munir Liu Ruijia 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2019,31(4):29-41
A series of new biochar-supported composite based on the combination of biochar and metallic nanoparticles(NPs)were produced through single-step pyrolysis of FeCl_3–Ti(OBu)_4 laden agar biomass under NH_3 environment.The physiochemical properties of composites were characterized thoroughly.It has found that heating temperature and N-doping through NH_3-ambiance pyrolysis significantly influence the visible-light sensitivity and bandgap energy of composites.The catalytic activities of composites were measured by degradation of Methylene Blue(MB)in the presence or absence of H_2O_2 and visible-light irradiation.Our best catalyst(N–TiO_2–Fe_3O_4-biochar)exhibits rapid and high MB removal competency(99.99%)via synergism of adsorption,photodegradation,and Fenton-like reaction.Continuous production of O_2U~-and UOH radicles performs MB degradation and mineralization,confirmed by scavenging experiments and degradation product analysis.The local trap state Ti~(3+),Fe_3O_4,and N-carbon of the catalyst acted as active sites.It has suggested that the Ti~(3+)and N-doped dense carbon layer improve charge separation and shuttle that prolonged photo-Fenton like reaction.Moreover,the catalyst is highly stable,collectible,and recyclable up to 5 cycles with high MB degradation efficiency.This work provides a new insight into the synthesis of highly visible-light sensitized biocharsupported photocatalyst through NH_3-ambiance pyrolysis of NPs-laden biomass. 相似文献
187.
Azhar Abbas Muhammad Ajaz Hussain Muhammad Amin Muhammad Sher Muhammad Nawaz Tahir Wolfgang Tremel 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2015,37(11):51-58
Chemically modified pullulan was evaluated for its sorption efficiency and selectivity to remove cadmium(Cd) from spiked high-hardness groundwater(GW). Pullulan esterified with succinic anhydride using dimethylaminopyridine showed a fairly high degree of substitution value as confirmed by1 H NMR spectroscopy. Pullulan succinate(Pull-Suc) was converted into the sodium salt(Pull-Suc-Na). The effect of contact time(5–200 min) and p H(2–8) on Cd-uptake by the sorbent(Pull-Suc-Na) was investigated. The sorbent showed more than 90% Cd-removal in first 15 min from distilled water(DW) and GW solution,respectively. Comparison of Pull-Suc-Na with other polysaccharidal sorbents suggested its high efficiency(DW 476.2 mg/g and GW 454.5 mg/g) and selectivity for the removal of Cd by an ion exchange mechanism, which is further supported by the negative Gibbs free energy values calculated from Langmuir isotherms. A Langmuir isotherm kinetic model provided the best fit for the sorption of Cd using Pull-Suc-Na. The sorbent showed a negligible decrease in Cd-uptake over three regeneration cycles. The thermal stability testing of the sorbents indicated that Pull-Suc-Na(sorbent) is more stable than Pull-Suc. 相似文献
188.
Ghoochani Samaneh Hashemi Heshmati Abbas Hosseini Hasan Ali Darroudi Majid 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(23):34406-34418
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study for the very first time, zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP) was loaded into MIL-101 (Zn[TPP]@MIL-101) to perform an adsorptive and... 相似文献
189.
Abbas Hasnain Zhao Lindu Gong Xi Jiang Mengyin Faiz Narmeen 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(45):68016-68034
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The world becomes advance rapidly, and the demand of perishable food increases in the global market. Food firms perceive the cheapest supply chain... 相似文献
190.
Adeel Shahid Kiran Shumaila Abbas Mazhar Batool Fatima Hussaan Muhammad Amin Nimra 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(21):31270-31277
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Sustainability in the utilization of products in all fields particularly food textiles, solar cells, etc. is of prime concern to the global community.... 相似文献