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排序方式: 共有1337条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
961.
962.
Deng H Ge L Xu T Zhang M Wang X Zhang Y Peng H 《Journal of environmental quality》2011,40(6):1730-1736
Microorganisms are an integral part of the biogeochemical processes in wetlands. To improve the performance of constructed wetlands, it is very important to know the metabolic properties and functional diversity of the microbial communities. The purpose of this study is to analyze the metabolic properties and functional diversity of the microbial community in a horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetland (CW) in a laboratory study through the sole-carbon-source utilization profiles using Biolog-ECO microplates. The technique has advantages over traditional cell culture techniques, such as molecular-level techniques-RNA amplification, which are time-consuming, expensive, and only applicable to the small number of species that may be cultured. This CW was designed to treat rural eutrophic water in China, using the plant L. This study showed that the metabolic activities of upper front substrate microorganisms (UF) were greater than those of the lower back substrate microorganisms (LB) in the CW. Integrated areas under average well color development (AWCD) curves of substrate microorganisms in the UF were 131.9, 4.8, and 99.3% higher than in the lower front part (LF), the upper back part (UB), and the LB part of the CW, respectively. Principal components analysis showed significant differences in both community structure and metabolic utilization of carbon sources between substrate microorganisms from different sampling sites. Carbon source utilization of polymers, carbohydrates, carboxylic acids, and amino acids was higher in UF than in LF, but that of amines and phenolic compounds was very similar in UF and LF. The richness, evenness, and diversity of upper substrate microbial communities were significantly higher than those of lower substrate. The LF substrate microbial communities had lower evenness than the other sampling plots, and the lowest richness of substrate microbial community was found in the LB part of the CW. 相似文献
963.
钻井废液-废水处理一体化设备的研究及应用 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
介绍了钻井清洁生产的核心设备——钻井废液-废水处理一体化设备的原理、流程和处理效果。实践证明,用这种一体化设备处理普通聚合物钻井液体系产生的钻井废液时,设备排水质量可达到GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》(一级标准或二级标准);当用于处理高温深井聚合物-磺酸盐复杂钻井液体系产生的钻井废液时,除了COD外, 排出水的主要水质指标可达到GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》(二级标准)。用该设备处理后的泥渣含水率低于55%,泥渣体积减少了88%。 相似文献
964.
我国山岭公路汽车CO、HCs和NOx排放系数 总被引:1,自引:3,他引:1
在1560m 长的甘肃七道梁山岭公路隧道内设监测点,对进入隧道内汽车排出的污染物浓度、交通量、车种以及气象条件进行采样分析、计数、分类和观测.根据在隧道内实测数据,用建立的隧道空气质量方程计算出我国高海拔山岭公路汽车单车CO、HCs和NOx 排放系数分别为41.861±26.101、5.367±3.158和3.883±1.943g/(km ·veh).与国外成果相比,我国山岭公路汽车CO和HCs排放系数明显高于国外发达国家汽车的排放水平,而NOx 排放量低于一些发达国家 相似文献
965.
966.
967.
A novel humic acid-based polycarboxylic-type (HAP) dispersant for coal–water slurry (CWS) was successfully synthesized in aqueous solution from the copolymerization of HA, acrylic acid and maleic acid. The structure of HAP was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetry (TG) and 1H NMR. With HAP as a dispersant for Linfen coal slurry, the effects of the mass ratio of HA and monomer, initiator concentration, reaction temperature and reaction time on the HAP dispersant performance were discussed by examining the apparent viscosity of CWS. The results showed that CWS prepared withHAP dispersant performed excellent dispersity and stability. When the dosage of HAP was up to 0.5 wt.%, the apparent viscosity of CWS was 505 mPa·s. Experiments on the stability of CWS containing 0.5 wt.% HAP demonstrated that the penetration ratio reached 85.45 % after 96 h, which was higher by 12.87 % than that of CWS prepared with HA. And the CWS produced with HAP had lower dewatering rate within the storage time, which was less 1.85 % than that of CWS with HA when the storage time was 72 h. Furthermore, the maximum coal content of CWS with 0.5 wt.% HAP may reached 70 wt.%. This work found a new route for utilizing humic acid and enlarged the selecting range of the dispersant for CWS. It has a positive significance for protection of environment. 相似文献
968.
研究采用硝酸-高氯酸消解样品,用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定废水中钴的方法.通过标准样品和实验样品的分析,验证了方法的准确度和精密度.方法的加标回收率为94.0% ~ 108.0%,检出限为0.010mg/L.该方法简单可靠,干扰少,适合废水分析. 相似文献
969.
Perchlorate removal using granular activated carbon supported iron
compounds: Synthesis, characterization and reactivity 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
Synthesis and use of the iron compounds supported on granular activated carbon (ICs/GAC) have shown significant environmental implications for perchlorate (ClO 4 ) removal. ICs/GAC was synthesized via hydrolyzing FeSO 4 ·7H 2 O on GAC, reduced by NaBH 4 solution in polyethylene glycol 6000 and ethanol solution, dried in vacuum condition and exposed to air. Synthesized ICs/GAC was characterized using transmission electron micrograph (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). ICs/GAC was determined to be containing a large amount of FeOHSO 4 , Fe 2 O 3 and a small amount of zero-valent iron (ZVI) nanoparticles according to TEM and XPS measurements. Batch static kinetic tests showed that 97% of ClO 4 was removed within 10 hr at 90°C and 86% of ClO 4 was removed within 12 hr at 25°C, at ICs/GAC dosage of 20 g/L. The experimental results also showed that FeOHSO 4 and Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles have the function of perchlorate adsorption and play important roles in ClO 4 removal. The activation energy (E a ) was determined to be 9.56 kJ/mol. 相似文献
970.
HSY算法在水质模型参数识别中的应用探讨 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
参数识别是水质模拟中的技术核心,数据稀缺是水质模型经常面临的问题。采用HSY算法可求得模型参数的分布,而不再是一个单一的最优参数,从而在一定程度上避免了由于“最优”参数失真带来的决策风险,本文以南水北调一期工为例,讨论了在稀疏数据条件下如何应用HSY算法识别CSTR水质模型的参数,并对识别的模型参数进行了检验。模型检验采取了2种方法:分别用动态和稳态计算方法得出的参数进行比较;用模拟结果分布于实测值进行比较。结果表明,HSY算法为稀疏数据条件下进行识别、建立数学模型提供了一条有效的途径。 相似文献