Supercritical gasification for the treatment of o-cresol wastewater

The supercritical water gasification of phenolic wastewater without oxidant was performed to degrade pollutants and produce hydrogen-enriched gases. The simulated o-cresol wastewater was gasified at 440-650℃ and 27.6 MPa in a continuous Inconel 625 reactor with the residence time of 0.42-1.25 min. The influence of the reaction temperature, residence time, pressure, catalyst, oxidant and the pollutant concentration on the gasification efficiency was investigated. Higher temperature and longer residence time enhanced the o-cresol gasification. The TOC removal rate and hydrogen gasification rate were 90.6% and 194.6%, respectively, at the temperature of 650℃ and the residence time of 0.83 min. The product gas was mainly composed of H2, CO2, CFL and CO, among which the total molar percentage of H2 and CFL was higher than 50%. The gasification efficiency decreased with the pollutant concentration increasing. Both the catalyst and oxidant could accelerate the hydrocarbon gasification at a lower reaction temperature, in which the catalyst promoted H2 production and the oxidant enhanced CO2 generation. The intermediates of liquid effluents were analyzed and phenol was found to be the main composition. The results indicate that the supercritical gasification is a promising way for the treatment of hazardous organic wastewater.     

央企生态环境保护督察机制探究

为进一步推进生态文明建设和监管机制改革,党中央、国务院决定将中央管理企业(央企)纳入第二轮生态环境保护督察范畴.对央企生态环境保护督察机制开展研究,梳理了央企生态环境保护保责任清单,从督察对象、督察事项和督察模式等方面探究了央企生态环境保护督察路径,并提出央企生态环境督察成效保障相关建议:采用宏观督察(督政)和微观督查...     

环渤海高铁沿线可达性及其空间格局演变研究

以环渤海高铁沿线城市为对象,研究高铁通车前后的可达性状况及其空间分异格局,预测未来沿线空间格局的演变态势,结果表明:(1)环渤海高铁的开通大大提升了沿线的可达性,时空收敛效应显著,呈以高铁轴带为核心、轴带外围为边缘的"核心-边缘"格局,高铁轴带内部呈现线路"中间高、首末低"的分异特征,可达性最优要素由京、津向环渤海高铁线路两侧扩散;(2)环渤海高铁沿线城市可达性的提升加速沿线地区空间格局的演变和重塑,表现在环渤海高铁"C"形轴带空间极化程度的进一步加深;沿线的辽中南、京津冀、山东半岛三大城市群一体化进程显现,产生1+1+1＞3的组合效应;环渤海港口群对接铁路线,空间分化与组合日趋复杂;响应"一带一路"倡议,强化与中蒙俄经济走廊战略通道的融合.     

The use of semipermeable membrane devices as passive samplers to determine persistent organic compounds in indoor air

In the study reported here semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) were used to sample 28 PAHs and 19 PCBs in the gas phase in 15 single-family houses located in an area where domestic wood burning is widespread. Eight of the households used wood burning appliances whereas the others used other systems for residential heating. Most of the studied compounds were found in the houses: the PAHs at levels that were similar to or slightly higher than published SPMD-sampled levels for background or urban sites in Sweden, and the PCBs at levels that were somewhat lower than those recently found in both indoor and outdoor urban locations. A principal component analysis revealed that wood-burning heating systems may contribute to PAHs in indoor air. The sources may be emissions indoors or penetration from outdoors. The convenience of SPMD technology facilitates its use for semi-quantitative screening and monitoring of various persistent organic compounds indoors in dwellings and working environments.     

过山车立环轨道设计方法

基于加速度研究过山车立环轨道曲线的设计方法.分别研究向心加速度恒定的立环曲线,加速度恒定的立环曲线和以欧拉螺线为基础的立环曲线.建立三种立环曲线的方程,通过数值方法进行求解,借助Matlab计算在给定初始条件和边界条件下的轨道曲线.以加速度为评判标准来分析三种曲线的优点和缺点,最终得到以加速度为基础的立环轨道曲线设计方...     

基于指标气体关联分析的煤自燃分级预警研究

为准确预警煤炭自然发火,基于程序升温试验,获得指标气体与温度间的关系,并将起始温度V0和特征温度点V1、V2、V3时刻的碳氧化物比率作为预警界限,设定4级预警机制,采用灰色关联分析法关联性分析采空区和上隅角CO气体体积分数和碳氧化物比率,按照关联等级的高低细化4级预警机制,同时选取典型案例,详细展示该预警机制下的预警流...     

化学合成聚3-羟基丁酸酯薄膜的生物降解性

利用土壤埋藏,海水降解,活性污泥及高等真菌降解实验对化学法合成的聚３－羟基丁酯,薄膜进行了生物降解性研究。结果表明,降解ＰＨＢ薄膜的微生分布比较广泛;     

日照近岸海域春秋季浮游植物群落结构研究

本文根据2016年5月和11月日照近岸海域的浮游植物调查数据,分析了该海域浮游植物的群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系。研究海域共发现浮游植物78种,其中,硅藻门（Bacillariophyta）66种,甲藻门（Pyrrophyta）10种,金藻门（Chrysophyta）2种。主要优势种为夜光藻（Noctiluca scintillans）、细弱圆筛藻（Coscinodiscus subtilis）和密连角毛藻（Chaetoceros densus）。春、秋两季平均丰度分别为69.38×104 cells/m3、24.61×104 cells/m3;平均多样性指数为1.56、2.99;平均丰富度指数为2.21、4.00;平均均匀度指数为0.44、0.73。聚类分析表明,研究海域可划分为3个群落。BIOENV分析表明,与研究海域浮游植物群落相关性最密切的环境因子组合为水深、水温、油类、总悬浮物和Zn。Pearson相关分析表明,影响春季浮游植物丰度的环境因子为水深、水温、铵盐、总悬浮物和重金属（Cu、Zn、Hg）;影响秋季浮游植物丰度的环境因子为水深、pH、盐度、DO和铵盐。本研究可为深入研究该海域浮游植物群落结构和影响因子提供重要的基础数据。     

功率放大器的非线性预失真技术的研究

功率放大器作为一种重要的电子元器件,具有放大信号的功能,但有源电子元器件的非线性失真特性会影响信息的正确接收,采用有记忆预失真间接学习模型解决功放存在的非线性问题。该模型中依据功放输出幅度最大化和归一化均方误差( NMSE)最小化原则建立了预失真模型,通过仿真计算,归一化均方误差可达到-44. 5408,误差矢量幅度等于0.13%。研究结果表明有记忆预失真间接学习模型确认该模型可有效提升功率放大器的线性化程度。     

土壤有机污染的原位修复技术

介绍了土壤气相抽提、生物通风和空气喷射等3种土壤原位修复技术的概念,简述了它们修复受污染土壤的适用范围和修复机理,并对影响3种修复方法的各种因素进行了详细论述.展望了土壤气相抽提、生物通风和空气喷射技术在我国的应用前景.