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371.
Changes of copper speciation in maize rhizosphere soil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Tao S Chen YJ Xu FL Cao J Li BG 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2003,122(3):447-454
Chemical forms of copper in the rhizosphere and bulk soil of maize were investigated using rhizobox cultivation and sequential extraction techniques. The copper accumulations were also determined. The results demonstrated that there were continuous changes in copper fractionation within the maize rhizosphere. Initially, the amount of exchangeable copper increased before dropping below the initial level after 40 days or so. Carbonate associated copper followed a similar trend of change, but with a slower pace than the exchangeable copper. The increase in carbonate associated copper only become evident after 30 days, with the net loss occurring after 60 days. There were also initial increases in oxide bound copper as well as decreases in the organic matter associated copper, both followed by a turnover after 40-50 days. The accumulation of copper in the maize plant was found to be biomass dependent. The amount of accumulated copper absorbed in the plant material exceeded the initial quantity of the exchangeable copper in the soil, revealing a transformation from less bioavailable to more bioavailable fractions. During cultivation, decreases in redox potential and increases in pH, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and microbial activity in the maize rhizosphere were observed. The change in copper speciation may result from root-induced changes in DOC, redox potential, and microbial activity in the rhizosphere. 相似文献
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373.
丽江古城水环境现状与调控对策研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
水环境是丽江世界文化遗产地生态地质环境的重要组成部分。由于丽江城市化进程加快,对水环境保护不力,导致古城水污染加剧、水资源量衰减、景观生态用水不足和景观水质下降。通过强化水环境研究,加强水环境立法,进行水生态环境综合治理;实施以调剂古城周边地下泉水为主,拉市海调水为辅的丽江古城景观调水方案,可保护丽江古城水环境,为丽江古城世界文化遗产地的可持续发展提供保证。 相似文献
374.
遗传算法是近年来迅速发展起来的一种全新的随机搜索与优化算法,但由于其自身固有的缺陷,通常优化过程的收敛速度较慢,局部搜索能力不足,而且算法稳定性较差。而蚁群算法广泛应用在旅行商问题计算中,目前是较好的求解最短路由问题的算法之一。就其自身来说有很多优点,如正反馈性、鲁棒性和智能性,但是在寻优过程中容易陷入局部最佳的缺点。针对上述情况,将遗产算法与蚁群算法相结合,用于实际交通系统寻找最优路径的问题中,并定义了目标函数,以路径可靠性和路径长度为优化目标,寻找最合适的救灾路线。最后通过实际计算结果的对比验证,说明了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
375.
空间信息技术以及计算机技术的发展,给环境监控提供了先进、快速和科学的方法。其中,遥感技术由于能够快速、宏观地获得所监控区域的数据,近年来已逐渐成为环境监控系统中的重要技术手段。遥感信息是被控区域的电磁辐射能量及其结构特征与时空状态在遥感图像上的表现。今后,遥感技术、在线监控系统和地理信息系统等多种信息处理工具的结合将是环境信息监控系统发展的主要方向。 相似文献
376.
海星多糖对小鼠酒精性脂肪肝损伤的预防研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以多棘海盘车体壁为材料提取海星多糖,探讨多糖对小鼠酒精肝损伤的预防作用。采用水提法提取多糖,硫酸—苯酚法进行测定。以正常小鼠作空白对照,将酒精肝小鼠分为酒精肝模型组,海星多糖低、中、高剂量组(20mg/kg、40mg/kg、80mg/kg)进行灌胃,测定小鼠生理指标。结果显示,与模型组相比,海星多糖组小鼠血清中ALT、AST含量降低(P<0.05),TG、MDA含量也降低(P<0.05),GSH-PX、SOD活性升高(P<0.05),肝脏脂肪变性明显减轻,说明海星多糖对酒精性肝脏有较明显的保护作用。 相似文献
377.
Qi Zhong Daping Li Yong Tao Xiaomei Wang Xiaohong He Jie Zhang Jinlian Zhang Weiqiang Guo Lan Wang 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2009,29(4):1347-1353
Ex situ nitrification and sequential in situ denitrification represents a novel approach to nitrogen management at landfills. Simultaneous ammonia and organics removal was achieved in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). The results showed that the maximum nitrogen loading rate (NLR) and the maximum organic loading rate (OLR) was 0.65 g N l?1 d?1 and 3.84 g COD l?1 d?1, respectively. The ammonia and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was over 99% and 57%, respectively. In the run of the CSTR, free ammonia (FA) inhibition and low dissolved oxygen (DO) were found to be key factors affecting nitrite accumulation. In situ denitrification was studied in a municipal solid waste (MSW) column by recalculating nitrified leachate from CSTR. The decomposition of MSW was accelerated by the recirculation of nitrified leachate. Complete reduction of total oxidized nitrogen (TON) was obtained with maximum TON loading of 28.6 g N t?1 TS d?1 and denitrification was the main reaction responsible. Additionally, methanogenesis inhibition was observed while TON loading was over 11.4 g N t?1 TS d?1 and the inhibition was enhanced with the increase of TON loading. 相似文献
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380.
Uniparental disomy (UPD) is an uncommon chromosome condition, but UPD involving chromosome 21 is rarely reported. We reported here a case who had first trimester screening test for Down syndrome, chorionic villus sampling for fetal karyotyping, quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR), as well as non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) by maternal plasma sequencing. There were discordant results between fetal karyotyping and NIPT due to UPD 21combined with confined placental mosaicism of trisomy 21. This demonstrated that it is possible to detect placental mosaicism by NIPT, but further studies are required to confirm its sensitivity. Therefore, all positive NIPT results must be confirmed by conventional invasive test and karyotyping. QF-PCR has the additional benefit in diagnosing UPD. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献