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191.
用哌嗪和二硫化碳反应合成氨基二硫代甲酸中间体,再与二卤代烃反应得到1,4-双(二硫代酯基)哌嗪聚合物,考察了中间体和螯合树脂对Ag^ ,Cu^2 ,Zn^2 ,Ni^2 ,CO^2 ,Pb^2 ,Pd^2 ,Cr^3 的静态吸附性能,结果表明,两者均可以吸附金属离子,缩聚后的螯合树脂具有更强的吸附能力。 相似文献
192.
193.
本文研究了8种与拟除虫菊酯合成有关的化合物在金鱼和鲤鱼肌肉中的积累和释放行为.实验结果表明,不同鱼种积累同一化合物的程度不同,其差别随着分配系数的增加而显著增加.平衡时的生物富集因子的对数log(BCF)值与分配系数的对数log P值之间有较好的线性关系,其相关方程式为log(BCF)=1.062 logP-1.558(n=8,r=0.975).化合物从鱼体释放到水中的速度符合一级反应动力学公式.释放半衰期的对数log t_(1/2)值亦与log P值相关.其相关方程式为log t_(1/2)=0.784 log P-1.571(n=8,r=0.945).本文结果有助于预测该类有机污染物对环境的影响. 相似文献
194.
量化风险评估(QRA)在海上生产设施风险管理中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
崔伟珍 《安全.健康和环境》2003,3(5):29-31
本文结合在胜利海区实施的量化风险评估工作,对量化风险评估在海上风险管理中的应用作一个简单的介绍。 相似文献
195.
Effects of fulvic acid on the bioavailability of rare earth elements and GOT enzyme activity in wheat (Triticum aestivum) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fulvic acid (FA) was extracted and purified from natural soil and the effects of such FA on the bioaccumulation of rare earth elements (REEs, La3+, Gd3+ and Y3+) in wheat seedling were investigated. The results indicated that low concentration of FA (<0.4 mg C/l to root, <0.7 mg C/l to tops (stem and leaves)) could increase the bioaccumulation values of REEs in wheat, but when the concentration of FA was high (>0.4 mg C/l to root, >1.5 mg C/l to tops) the bioaccumulation values were decreased. Kinetic experimental results suggested that bioaccumulation values of REEs in roots for 30 days were correlated with the kinetic linear growth equation, and correlation coefficients were higher than 0.861. The kinetic bioaccumulation pattern of REEs in tops was different from that in root. The bioaccumulation values of REEs in wheat root were much higher than in wheat tops. Variations of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) enzyme activities in wheat root and tops were determined. A good correlation existed between the bioaccumulation values of REEs and GOT enzyme activities, and the correlation coefficients were higher than 0.922. GOT is an important parameter influencing the bioavailability of REEs. 相似文献
196.
秸秆发电的现状和展望 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了秸秆发电的重要意义以及在国内外的发展现状,分析了秸秆发电存在的问题,并提出相应的解决办法,最后展望了秸秆发电在国内的市场前景。 相似文献
197.
198.
The comparative toxicities of selected phenols to higher plants Cucumis sativus were measured and the negative logarithm molar concentration of the root elongation median inhibition (IRC50) were derived. Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) were developed to explore the toxicity influencing factors and for predictive purpose. The toxicity data, fell into two classes: polar narcosis and bio-reactive. For polar narcotic phenols, a highly significant two-parameter QSAR based on 1-octanol/water partition coefficient (logKow) and energy of the lowest unoccupied orbital (E(lumo)) was derived (IRC50 = 0.77 log Kow - 0.39E(lumo) + 2.36 n = 22 r2 = 0.89). The five bio-reactive chemicals proved to show elevated toxicity due to their typical substructure involved diverse reactive mechanisms. In an effort to model all chemicals, a robust multiple-variable QSAR combining logKow, E(lumo) and Qmax, the most negative net atomic charge, was developed (IRC50 = 0.65 logKow - 0.72E(lumo) + 0.23Qmax + 2.81 n = 27 r2 = 0.94), indicating that hydrophobicity, electrophilicity and hydrogen bond interaction contribute mainly to the phytotoxicity. The toxicological data was compared with Tetrahymena pyriformis 2-d population growth inhibition toxicity (IGC50) and excellent interspecies correlations were observed both for the polar narcotics and for five reactive chemicals (for polar narcotics: IRC50 = 0.95IGC50 + 1.07 n = 16 r2 = 0.89; for bio-reactive chemicals: IRC50 = 0.98IGC50 + 2.19 n = 5 r2 = 0.97; and for all: IRC50 = 0.93IGC50 + 1.63 n = 21 r2 = 0.87). This suggested that T pyriformis toxicity could serve as a surrogate of C. sativus toxicity for phenols and interspecies correlation also could be established for reactive chemicals. 相似文献
199.
Structure-activity relationships and response-surface analysis of nitroaromatics toxicity to the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Inhibition of growth of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Cmiz, the minimum concentration that produced a clear inhibition zone within 12 h) for 24 nitroaromatic compounds was investigated and a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) developed based on hydrophobicity expressed as the l-octanol/water partition coefficient in logarithm form, log K(ow), electrophilicity based on the energy of the lowest unoccupied orbital (E(lumo)). All nitrobenzene derivatives exhibited enhanced reactive toxicity than baseline. The toxicities of mono-nitrobenzenes and di-nitrobenzenes were elicited by different mechanisms of toxic action. For mono-nitro-derivatives, both significant log K(ow) based and strong E(lumo)-dependent relationships were observed indicating that their toxicities were affected both by the penetration process and the interaction with target sites of interaction. The toxicities of di-nitrobenzenes were greater than mono-nitrobenzenes and no log K(ow)-dependent but highly significant E(lumo)-based relationship was obtained. This suggests that toxicity of di-nitrobenzenes was highly electrophilic and involved mainly their in vivo electrophilic interaction with biomacromolecules. In an effort to model the elevated toxicity of all nitrobenzenes, a response-surface analysis was performed and this resulted in a highly predictive two-variable QSAR without reference to their exact mechanisms (Cmiz = 0.41 log K(ow) - 0.89 E(lumo) - 0.46, r2 = 0.87, Q2 = 0.86, n = 24). 相似文献
200.
Quantification of joint effect for hydrogen bond and development of QSARs for predicting mixture toxicity 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
A QSAR model is successfully proposed to predict the toxicity effect on Photobacterium phosphoreum by nonpolar-narcotic-chemical mixtures and/or polar-narcotic-chemical mixtures. For nonpolar-narcotic-chemical mixtures and polar-narcotic-chemical mixtures, their corresponding hydrophobicity-based QSAR models are derived from regression analysis. Comparison of these two QSAR models make us believe that it is the joint effect of hydrogen bond in polar-narcotic-chemical mixture that leads to the difference between these two models. Such joint effect of hydrogen bond can be quantified as AMH and BMH by using the different partition coefficients of mixtures in various organic phase/water systems. And the regression analysis results convinced us that the introduction of AMH does improve the quality of the QSAR model with r2=0.948, S.E.=0.166 and F=745.201 at P=0.000 for total 84 mixtures. 相似文献