Secondary effect of SO_2 pollution: enhanced growth of the army worm, Mythimna separata (Walker)

Effects of SO2 pollution on growth of the army worm, Mythimna separata, were investigated by rearing the larvae for 12 days on the wheat plants being exposed to SO2 levels ranged from 50 to 200 ppb in the field open-top fumigation devices. Larval period shortened while their mean relative growth rate (MRGR) increased as SO2 dose elevated. Similar experiment with the insect on the artificial diet excluded the possibility that SO2 pollution directly stimulated growth of the army worm.The patterns of change in amino acid hydrolysates in the host foliage suggested that contents of methionine, and perhaps, arginine in food material exposed to unpolluted air were at such levels that they could only support sub-optimum growth of the insect, and SO2 pollution increased concentrations of these limiting amino acids, resulting in better performance of the larvae.     

藻类－卤虫－对虾系统深度处理含盐含汞化工废水的模拟试验研究

利用藻类－卤虫－对虾系统深度处理含盐含汞化工废水的模拟试验研究表明，该系统对ＢＯＤ＿５和ＣＯＤ去除率分别达９５．５％和８０．０％，对ＰＯ和Ｈｇ￣（２＋）去除率都在９８％以上，在卤虫密度５２．１个／Ｌ和３６．０个／Ｌ，藻类密度２５７２５．８万个／Ｌ和２０９２４．９万个／Ｌ，水中汞能被不同营养等级的生物累积，在水中汞浓度１．０×１０￣（－４）－３．０×１０￣（－４）ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内，藻类和卤虫对水中汞的浓缩倍数分别为７．５×１０￣２－７．８－１０￣３和２．１０×１０￣２－１．０４×１０￣４；卤虫吞食藻类，它对藻体中汞的浓缩倍数较低，变化范围在０．１－１．７之间；食染汞卤虫的对虾对汞的累积不明显。     

植物体游离脯氨酸对SO_2＋NO_2复合物的反应

以大豆、蕃茄、青菜为试验植物，应用开顶式熏气装置，研究了ＳＯ２＋ＮＯ２复合熏气对３种植物游离脯氨酸的影响及其与伤害程度的关系。结果表明，受ＳＯ２＋ＮＯ２熏气的３种植物体内脯氨酸部有增加。其变比规律因植物种类和处理方式而异；脯氨酸的增加率与叶伤害率呈正相关关系。文章初步认为植物体游离脯氨酸可以作为指示污染物的一项生化指标。     

苏州河雨水泵站排河污染削减技术研究设想

随着苏州河环境整治工作的深入，苏州河水质得到了显著的改善。目前，各项整治措施还在实施的过程中．有些问题也有待解决，其中一个便是苏州河沿线雨水泵站排河的雨水污染问题。本文在综合考虑上海市水环境，城市建设及经济发展现状的基础上，对苏州河沿线雨水泵站污染消减技术作了阐述。并对其进行了比较，提出了进一步研究的方向。     

粘土矿物吸附镉污染物的基本特征

以我国各地典型粘土矿物制备标准样品,对镉进行吸附实验,得到蒙脱石、伊利石、高岭石三种矿物的吸附等温线,在广泛浓度范围内符合Langmuir型方程式。研究了温度、接触时间、PH值、粒径、矿种等对吸附的影响效应。提出了镉的溶解-吸附-沉淀区域图,吸附急剧增强和开始发生碳酸镉沉淀的PH值是一致的。发现对不同粒径和不同矿种都存在“饱和吸附值加和现象”。 对湘江中游及上游天然底质样品以化学分离法逐级除去碳酸盐、有机物、金属水合氧化物等组分,以各级样品进行镉的吸附实验。根据吸附等温线和饱和吸附值可以判断不同组分在吸附中的贡献,发现这与各组分相对含量直接有关。 应用本文提出的工作方法。有可能建立天然水体中吸附过程的定量化学模式。     

A／O生物转盘工艺处理氨氮废水

研究了A/O系统后接生物转盘工艺，对低CODcr和高氨氮的石化厂废水的处理效果。结果表明，当碳氮比为3.8时，对CODcr和氨氮均有良好的去除效果，在进水CODcr浓度为1048.70/mg/L、氨氮浓度为275.16mg/L时，CODcr去除率达93.26%，氨氮去除率达94.7%.     

Secondary effect of SO2 pollution: enhanced growth of the army worm, Mythimna separata (Walker)

Effects of SO₂ pollution on growth of the army worm, Mythimna separata, were investigated by rearing the larvae for 12 days on the wheat plants being exposed to SO₂ levels ranged from 50 to 200 ppb in the field open-top fumigation devices. Larval period shortened while their mean relative growth rate (MRGR) increased as SO₂ dose elevated. Similar experiment with the insect on the artificial diet excluded the possibility that SO₂ pollution directly stimulated growth of the army worm.The patterns of change in amino acid hydrolysates in the host foliage suggested that contents of methionine, and perhaps, arginine in food material exposed to unpolluted air were at such levels that they could only support sub-optimum growth of the insect, and SO₂ pollution increased concentrations of these limiting amino acids, resulting in better performance of the larvae.     

合肥台测震CTS-1系统处理软件

主要介绍了地震数据断记报警软件及其相关地震数据分类处理软件,此软件一方面保证了地震监测数据的连续性,另一方面使科研人员查询地震事件波形,迅速快捷,并可对典型地震事件和震相特征进行查看,提高对一些特殊地震震相的识别,从而也提高了地震的分析水平.     

Prediction of the bioconcentration factor of PCBs in fish using the molecular connectivity index and fragment constant models.

Models based on molecular connectivity index (MCI) and fragment constant (FC) method were developed for prediction of the bioconcentration factor (BCF) for polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) in fish. The mean residuals for the MCI and FC models were 0.195 and 0.223 log units, respectively. The two models were then compared in terms of their mean residuals. In addition to the chlorine atom substitution number, other important structural features exhibiting a significant influence on the BCFs of PCB congeners were discussed and incorporated to the models. These features include the degree of the ortho-substitution, the presence of chlorine pairs in the three- and five- positions, and the crowding of chlorine atoms on the phenyl ring.     

Effects of compost and phosphate on plant arsenic accumulation from soils near pressure-treated wood

Leaching of arsenic (As) from chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-treated wood may elevate soil arsenic levels. Thus, an environmental concern arises regarding accumulation of As in vegetables grown in these soils. In this study, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate As accumulation by vegetables from the soils adjacent to the CCA-treated utility poles and fences and examine the effects of soil amendments on plant As accumulation. Carrot (Daucus carota L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) were grown for ten weeks in the soil with or without compost and phosphate amendments. As expected, elevated As concentrations were observed in the pole soil (43 mg kg(-1)) and in the fence soil (27 mg kg(-1)), resulting in enhanced As accumulation of 44 mg kg(-1) in carrot and 32 mg kg(-1) in lettuce. Addition of phosphate to soils increased As accumulation by 4.56-9.3 times for carrot and 2.45-10.1 for lettuce due to increased soil water-soluble As via replacement of arsenate by phosphate in soil. However, biosolid compost application significantly reduced plant As uptake by 79-86%, relative to the untreated soils. This suppression is possibly because of As adsorbed by biosolid organic mater, which reduced As phytoavailability. Fractionation analysis showed that biosolid decreased As in soil water-soluble, exchangeable, and carbonate fraction by 45%, whereas phosphate increased it up to 2.61 times, compared to the untreated soils. Our results indicate that growing vegetables in soils near CCA-treated wood may pose a risk of As exposure for humans. Compost amendment can reduce such a risk by reducing As accumulation by vegetables and can be an important strategy for remediating CCA-contaminated soils. Caution should be taken for phosphate application since it enhances As accumulation.