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901.
多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)和邻苯二甲酸酯(phthalate esters,PAEs)是三峡库区水中主要有机污染物。为探讨这2类化学物对三峡库区男性精液质量的影响,课题组于2007年在三峡库区6个区县进行了男性生殖健康的流行病学调查。调查中共收集到有效样本1 346例,对所有样本进行了精液常规检测,选取了冬季采样的232例标本进行了尿液中4种PAHs代谢产物和5种PAEs代谢产物含量的检测,并对这些样本的精子细胞凋亡(Annexin V/PI双标法)和精子脱氧核醣核酸(DNA)损伤(彗星电泳法)进行了检测。运用Spearman等级相关,多元线性回归和logisitic回归分析等方法分析了PAHs和PAEs代谢产物与精液常规指标、精子细胞凋亡、精子DNA损伤的相关关系。结果显示,1 346名三峡库区健康男性精液常规5项指标全部达到世界卫生组织(WHO)标准的比率仅为38.9%。PAHs代谢产物的含量与男性精液常规指标间未发现相关关系,但某些PAHs代谢产物水平与精子凋亡参数及精子DNA损伤指标有一定的关联性,随着尿中PAHs代谢产物浓度的增加,正常未发生凋亡的精子减少,精子DNA的损伤增加。未发现PAEs代谢产物与精液各项参数间的相关关系。本研究结果表明,在重庆市健康育龄男性中PAHs与PAEs的暴露与精液常规指标间没有明确的相关关系,但PAHs暴露与精子DNA损伤显著相关。为明确PAHs的暴露对精子DNA的损伤作用,有必要进行较大规模的队列研究以进行验证。 相似文献
902.
903.
Fe-pillared bentonite (Fe-Bent) was prepared by ion exchange as heterogeneous catalyst for degradation of organic contaminants in petroleum refinery wastewater. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the existence of α-Fe2O3. The effects of pH, H2O2 concentration, and catalyst dosage on the rate of lowering the chemical oxygen demand (COD) were investigated in detail. Removal efficiency of COD can be up to 92% under the following conditions: dosage of Fe-Bent 7 g L?1, pH value 3, and H2O2 concentration 10 mmol L?1. Fe-Bent showed good stability for the degradation of organics in petroleum refinery wastewater for five cycles. The adsorption of organics in wastewater onto Fe-Bent could be well described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. 相似文献
904.
采用水培实验的方法,研究了黑麦草对铜和芘复合污染体系的修复能力、黑麦草不同部位对铜和芘的富集效应.结果表明,黑麦草能在96 h内使水体中铜和芘的浓度显著降低,分别由5 mg.L-1和0.1 mg.L-1降低至0.49 mg.L-1和0.009 mg.L-1;黑麦草根部对铜和芘的积累量和富集系数明显大于茎叶,随着铜处理浓度的增加,根和茎叶中铜的积累量随之增加,而根中铜的生物富集系数却随之降低,黑麦草根和茎叶中芘的积累量分别在4.65—5.39 mg.kg-1和0.81—1.08 mg.kg-1之间,铜对水体中芘的去除以及根和茎叶中芘的积累均无显著性影响. 相似文献
905.
Mingsong WU Junli HUANG Yuling ZHANG Shijie YOU Shaofeng LI Zhilin RAN Yu TIAN 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2012,6(1):75-81
Microcystins, which represents one kind of cancerogenic organic compounds, is abundant in eutrophication water. The effects of reaction factors on chlorine dioxide (ClO2) for removal of low-concentration Microcystin-LR, Microcystin-RR, and Microcystin-YR in water as well as the reaction mechanisms was investigated by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that MC-LR, MC-RR, and MC-YR could be efficiently decomposed by ClO2. The degradation efficiency was shown positively correlated to the concentration of ClO2 and reaction time; while the effect of reaction temperature and pH is slight. The kinetic constants and activation energies of the reaction of MC-LR, MC-RR, and MC-YR with ClO2 are determined as 459.89, 583.15, 488.43 L·(mol·min)-1 and 64.78, 53.01, 59.15 kJ·mol-1, respectively. As indicated by high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometer (HPLC-MS) analysis, degradation should be accomplished via destruction of Adda group by oxidation, with the formation of dihydroxy substituendums as end products. This study has provided a fundamental demonstration of ClO2 serving as oxidizing disinfectant to eliminate microcystins from raw water source. 相似文献
906.
通过小试规模的移动床生物膜反应器(MBBR)处理陕西科技大学污水处理厂生活污水的实验研究,探讨了水力停留时间、冲击负荷、pH对反应器处理效果的影响。实验结果表明,在HRT为10 h,进水ρ(COD)为300 mg/L,ρ(NH3-N)为35 mg/L,填料体积填充率为35%,pH为7左右时,MBBR反应器对COD、TN的去除率分别为87.38%、68%。 相似文献
907.
908.
Mining disturbance effect and mining arrangements analysis of near-fault mining in high tectonic stress region 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dynamic disasters can be easily induced by mining disturbance in the tectonic stress concentration region near the fault. Based on the fault Coulomb failure stress criterion, a dynamic Coulomb failure stress increment model is established for quantitative assessment of mining disturbance effect. Furthermore, the disturbance effects of two possible working face arrangements near the same fault are compared by using the proposed dynamic Coulomb failure stress model and numerical method. The results show that Coulomb failure stress increment, as a comprehensive mechanical parameter, can well reflect the mining disturbance to the stress environment of fault. The disturbance effect on the fault in the case of the working face perpendicular to fault is much less than that of the working face parallel to fault, therefore the dynamic disaster risk induced by the former arrangement is much lower. 相似文献
909.
910.
Shihe Wang Yitong Han Xi Cao Dan Zhao Dezhong Yang Jiawei Chen 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2016,14(2):237-242
Nanoscale zero-valent iron, named nano-Fe0, is a reagent used to degrade trichloroethylene in groundwater. However, the efficiency of nano-Fe0 is moderate due to issues of dispersion and reactivity. As an alternative we synthesized bentonite-supported nanoscale Fe/Ni bimetals, named bentonite-Fe/Ni, to test the degradation of trichloroethylene in the presence of Suwannee River humic acids, as a representative of natural organic matter. 0.1 mmol/L trichloroethylene was reacted with 0.5 g/L of nano-Fe0, bentonite-Fe, Fe/Ni, and bentonite-Fe/Ni nanoparticles. Results show first that without humic acids the reaction rate constants k obs were 0.0036/h for nano-Fe0, 0.0101/h for bentonite-Fe, 0.0984/h for Fe/Ni, and 0.181/h for bentonite-Fe/Ni. These findings show that bentonite-Fe/Ni is the most efficient reagent. Second, the addition of humic acids increased the rate constant from 0.178/h for 10 mg/L humic acids to 0.652/h for 40 mg/L humic acids, using the bentonite-Fe/Ni catalyst. This finding is explained by accelerated dechlorination by faster electron transfer induced by humic quinone moieties. Indeed, the use of 9, 10-anthraquinone-2, 6-disulfonate as a humic analogue gave similar results. 相似文献