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251.
252.
选择煤粉炉(PC)和循环流化床(CFB)超低排放燃煤电厂开展实测研究,同步采集烟气净化装置(APCDs)前后烟气样品进行分析;并同时采集分析入炉煤、飞灰、底渣、省煤器(LTE)灰、脱硫浆液和湿式电除尘器(WESP)废水等样品,以揭示砷(As)、硒(Se)和铅(Pb)迁移与排放特性。结果表明:两家电厂APCDs对烟气中As、Se和Pb的总协同脱除率达到96%,净烟气中污染物浓度低,分别为0.13~0.49、1.05~2.15和0.86~3.19 μg/m3;不同APCDs的协同脱除率存在较大差异,其中布袋除尘器(FF)最高(99.56%~99.74%),静电除尘器(ESP)次之(85.61%~98.44%),湿法烟气脱硫(WFGD)的脱除率波动较大,WESP脱除率为11.61%~55.08%。燃煤中As、Se和Pb大部分迁移到飞灰中,占比为74.38%~95.24%;CFB底渣占比为3.51%~24.08%;LTE灰占比为5.85%~12.11%;脱硫浆液中均低于6%;WESP废水和出口烟气中占比最低,分别为0.68%和0.62%。相对于煤粉炉,循环流化床电厂底渣中As和Pb富集性更高;而对于Se,则燃烧方式无明显影响,但其在净烟气中占比高于As和Pb。
相似文献253.
环境影响评价中公众参与的机制与有效性 总被引:28,自引:0,他引:28
公众参与是环境影响评价中的重要内容。从公众参与的定义、目标和作用入手,就环境影响评价中公众参与的作用机制及其有效性进行探讨,认为:广泛的公众代表性、有效的公众参与形式以及公众意见的如实反映和客观分析,都是增进环境影响评价中公众参与的机制有效性的重要因素。 相似文献
254.
在中国农村发展过程中,水环境污染已严重制约了当前农村经济的健康持续发展,探究农村地区水污染的成因,寻求解决污染的对策已十分迫切。本文在对江苏省农村水环境污染现状进行调查的基础上,运用AHP层次分析法分析现阶段江苏农村发展过程中水污染的形成机理,包括经济发展因素、社会公众因素、政策法规因素,并提出相关结论与建议。 相似文献
255.
256.
污染土壤电动修复增强方法研究进展 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
污染土壤电动修复是一项新兴绿色原位修复技术。其原理是在土壤上施加直流电场 ,利用电迁移和电渗去除污染物 ,土壤pH、Zeta电位以及土壤化学性质等因素影响电动修复效果。为了提高修复效率和扩大电动修复应用范围 ,现在已经发展了针对不同类型土壤和污染物的增强修复技术。本文归纳总结了 1995年以来土壤电动修复中常用增强处理效果的 8种方法 ,即酸碱中和法、阳离子选择膜法、电渗析法、络合剂法、表面活性剂法、氧化 还原法、EK 生物联用和LasagnaTM法 ,且对每种方法的典型实验装置、增强原理、方法特点和适用范围等进行了分析和讨论 ,为以后的实验设计提供了有益的参考 相似文献
257.
Zinc tolerance and accumulation in Pteris vittata L. and its potential for phytoremediation of Zn- and As-contaminated soil 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
A field investigation and pot experiments were conducted to determine the potential of arsenic (As) hyperaccumulator, Pteris vittata L., to remediate sites co-contaminated with zinc (Zn) and As. We found that P. vittata L. had a very high tolerance to Zn and grew normally at sites with high Zn concentrations. In addition, P. vittata L. could effectively take up Zn into its fronds, with a maximum of 737 mg kg(-1) under field conditions. In pot experiments, the accumulated Zn concentration increased significantly as the Zn treatment was raised from 0 to 2000 mg kg(-1), with a maximum Zn accumulation of 0.22 mg pot(-1). Although the concentration of As in P. vittata L. was reduced by the addition of Zn, total frond accumulation of As was elevated when the Zn treatment was increased from 0 to 1000 mg kg(-1), with a maximum As accumulation of 8.3 mg pot(-1) in the presence of 1000 mg kg(-1) Zn. The high Zn tolerance, relatively high ability to accumulate Zn, and great capacity to accumulate As under conditions of suppression by high Zn suggest that P. vittata L. could be useful for the remediation of sites co-contaminated with Zn and As. 相似文献
258.
Effects of EDTA on solubility of cadmium, zinc, and lead and their uptake by rainbow pink and vetiver grass 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Rainbow pink (Dianthus chinensis), a potential phytoextraction plant, can accumulate high concentrations of Cd from contaminated soils. Vetiver grass (Vetiver zizanioides) has strong and long root tissues and is a potential phytostabilization plant since it can tolerate and grow well in soils contaminated with multiple heavy metals. Soil was moderately artificially contaminated by cadmium (20 mg/kg), zinc (500 mg/kg), and lead (1000 mg/kg) in pot experiments. Three concentrations of Na2-EDTA solution (0, 5, and 10 mmol/kg soil) were added to the contaminated soils to study the influence of EDTA solution on phytoextraction by rainbow pink or phytostabilization by vetiver grass. The results showed that the concentrations of Cd, Zn, and Pb in a soil solution of rainbow pink significantly increased following the addition of EDTA (p < 0.05). The concentrations of Cd and Pb in the shoots of rainbow pink also significantly increased after EDTA solution was applied (p < 0.05), but the increase for Zn was insignificant. EDTA treatment significantly increased the total uptake of Pb in the shoot, over that obtained with the control treatment (p < 0.001), but it did not significantly increase the total uptake of Cd and Zn. The concentrations of Zn and Pb in the shoots of rainbow pink are significantly correlated with those in the soil solution, but no relationship exists with concentrations in vetiver grass. The toxicity of highly contaminating metals did not affect the growth of vetiver grass, which was found to grow very well in this study. Results of this study indicate that rainbow pink can be considered to be a potential phytoextraction plant for removing Cd or Zn from metal-contaminated soils, and that vetiver grass can be regarded as a potential phytostabilization plant that can be grown in a site contaminated with multiple heavy metals. 相似文献
259.
The effects of chemical amendments (calcium carbonate (CC), steel sludge (SS) and furnace slag (FS)) on the growth and uptake of cadmium (Cd) by wetland rice, Chinese cabbage and wheat grown in a red soil contaminated with Cd were investigated using a pot experiment. The phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil with vetiver grass was also studied in a field plot experiment. Results showed that treatments with CC, SS and FS decreased Cd uptake by wetland rice, Chinese cabbage and wheat by 23-95% compared with the unamended control. Among the three amendments, FS was the most efficient at suppressing Cd uptake by the plants, probably due to its higher content of available silicon (Si). The concentrations of zinc (Zn), lead (Pb) and Cd in the shoots of vetiver grass were 42-67%, 500-1200% and 120-260% higher in contaminated plots than in control, respectively. Cadmium accumulation by vetiver shoots was 218 g Cd/ha at a soil Cd concentration of 0.33 mg Cd/kg. It is suggested that heavy metal-contaminated soil could be remediated with a combination of chemical treatments and plants. 相似文献
260.
为了改善并更好地研究聚乙烯醇的染料吸附性能,制备了不同超细羽绒粒子含量的聚乙烯醇/超细羽绒粒子共混膜,并将其用于对活性艳红X-3B染料的吸附。结果表明,随着超细羽绒粒子含量的增加,聚乙烯醇/超细羽绒粒子共混膜表面粗糙程度增大。当超细羽绒粒子的质量分数为27.8%时,K/S值最大,染料吸附性能最好,其吸附效果比纯聚乙烯醇膜提升约54.5%。动力学研究结果表明,伪二级动力学模型能更好地描述聚乙烯醇/超细羽绒粒子共混膜对染料的吸附。 相似文献