水溶液中对叔辛基酚的紫外光降解研究

研究了185nm紫外光对薄液层中对叔辛基酚(4-OP)的作用规律,考察了初始浓度、液层厚度、光强等因素对4-OP的降解效果的影响.结果表明,用该方法降解水中4-OP,在4-OP初始浓度10mg/L,液层厚度为2mm,光照距离为10cm,光照45min后,去除率可达到95%以上,其降解过程符合表观一级反应动力学特征.     

高压脉冲放电与臭氧氧化联用降解水中对氯苯酚

研究高压脉冲放电与臭氧协同降解水中对氯苯酚影响因素的结果表明,250mg/L对氯苯酚处理30min后降解率达96%.臭氧浓度、自由基捕获剂以及电极之间的距离均可影响对氯苯酚的降解率.增加臭氧浓度及降低电极之间的距离,提高了对氯苯酚的降解率;加入自由基捕获剂,降低了对氯苯酚的降解率.     

南充市城区冬季非甲烷总烃污染特征分析

为了解南充市城区冬季环境空气中非甲烷总烃(NMHC)的污染特征及来源,2020年12月1日～2021年2月28日利用在线监测仪器对NMHC含量进行了连续监测.结果表明:南充市城区冬季环境空气中的NMHC总平均体积分数为(0.37±0.00)×10?6,元旦和春节期间的NMHC含量显著低于周末和工作日;受城区居民生产、生...     

Film mulching reduces antibiotic resistance genes in the phyllosphere of lettuce

Phyllosphere is an important reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs), but the transfer mechanism of ARGs from soil and air to phyllosphere remains unclear. This study demonstrated that soil-air-phyllosphere was the dominant ARG transfer pathway, and blocking it by film mulching can reduce typical phyllosphere ARGs in lettuce by 80.7%-98.7%(89.5% on average). To further eliminate phyllosphere ARGs in lettuce grown with film mulching, the internal soil-endosphere-phyllosphere transfer pathw...     

NKA—Ⅱ大孔吸附树脂吸附高浓度苯胺溶液的试验研究

本文利用ＮＫＡ－Ⅱ大孔吸附树脂对高浓度苯胺溶液进行了静态吸附试验,希望利用大孔吸附树脂从化工废水中回收苯胺。     

环境基础设施运营现状及市场化对策

本文对建立环境基础设施社会化投入机制和运营机制提出五条对策建议：即加强规划管理、建立社会化投入机制、推行环保设施运营市场化,发展股份制污染防治企业,加强法制建设并制定配套政策。     

MS/MS的原理和GC/MS/MS在环境分析中的应用

介绍了空间串联质谱和时间串联质谱的原理、结构和特点 ;描述了时间串联质谱的离子化、母离子选择和储存、碰撞诱导裂解、离子抛出和检测的分析过程以及离子阱串联质谱与气相色谱联用在二恶英、农药残留、多氯联苯 ,多环芳烃和环境激素等环境分析中的应用。     

京津冀区域PM2.5中碳组分污染特征研究

为了解京津冀区域PM_(2.5)中碳组分污染特征,于2015年7月和10月及2016年1月和4月在北京、天津、保定、石家庄、沧州5个城市同步采集PM_(2.5)样品,采用热/光分析法分析样品中有机碳(OC)和元素碳(EC),使用OC/EC最小比值法估算二次有机碳(SOC).结果表明:京津冀区域主要城市OC、EC和SOC的年均浓度分别为12.9~28.5、4.1~7.9和3.3~10.4μg·m~(-3),OC/EC和SOC/OC的比值分别为2.4~3.0和0.26~0.32.OC和EC的浓度呈现保定石家庄沧州天津北京的空间分布特点和夏季春季秋季冬季的季节变化特点.OC/EC的比值及OC和EC的相关性在夏季最低,冬季最高,这可能与京津冀区域冬季采暖燃煤有关,冬季不利的气象条件也加剧了碳质气溶胶污染.冬季较高的SOC浓度主要与低温、气态前体物的增加以及频繁出现的逆温、小风和混合层高度降低等不利气象条件有关.京津冀区域碳质气溶胶的污染特征具有空间相似性.     

Toxicity of Cu (II) to the green alga <Emphasis Type="Italic">Chlorella vulgaris</Emphasis>: a perspective of photosynthesis and oxidant stress

The toxic effects of Cu (II) on the freshwater green algae Chlorella vulgaris and its chloroplast were investigated by detecting the responses of photosynthesis and oxidant stress. The results showed that Cu (II) arrested the growth of C. vulgaris and presented in a concentration- and time-dependent trend and the SRichards 2 model fitted the inhibition curve best. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, including qP, Y (II), ETR, F _v /F _m , and F _v /F ₀, were stimulated at low concentration of Cu (II) but declined at high concentration, indicating the photosystem II (PSII) of C. vulgaris was destroyed by Cu (II). The chloroplasts were extracted, and the Hill reaction activity (HRA) of chloroplast was significantly decreased with the increasing Cu (II) concentration under both illuminating and dark condition, and faster decline speed was observed under dark condition. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were also significantly decreased at high concentration Cu (II), companied with a large number of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. All these results indicated a severe oxidative stress on algal cells occurred as well as the effect on photosynthesis, thus inhibiting the growth of algae, which providing sights to evaluate the phytotoxicity of Cu (II).     

CNTs-CeO_2/H_2O_2复合光催化氧化体系降解水中酸性橙Ⅱ

运用"化学沉淀法",将Ce O2负载到碳纳米管(CNTs)上制备复合光催化剂,采用"单因素实验法"优化了制备条件。运用透射电镜和X射线衍射仪对复合光催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,负载到CNTs上的Ce O2为多晶面心立方结构,尺寸大小在6~10 nm之间,其在CNTs上分散效果好,负载均匀且负载率高。在溶液p H为5,CNTs-Ce O2用量为0.50g/L并光照2 h后,酸性橙Ⅱ的光脱色率和TOC去除率分别达到64.71%和44.25%;加入0.02 mmol/L H2O2后,CNTsCe O2/H2O2复合体系对酸性橙Ⅱ的光脱色率和TOC去除率分别提高至91.35%和82.40%。这预示着CNTs-Ce O2/H2O2复合光催化氧化体系在对水中偶氮染料的光催化处理方面具有潜在的应用价值。